अग्नि
See also: अगन, अगनी, and अग्नि-
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अग्नि (agní). Doublet of आग (āg). First attested as Old Hindi अग्नि (agni).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /əɡ.niː/, [əɡ.n̪iː]
Audio (file)
Proper noun
अग्नि • (agni) m (Urdu spelling اگنی)
- (Hinduism) Agni
Declension
Declension of अग्नि (sg-only masc i-stem)
singular | |
---|---|
direct | अग्नि agni |
oblique | अग्नि agni |
vocative | अग्नि agni |
Noun
अग्नि • (agni) f (Urdu spelling اگنی)
- (formal) fire
- Synonyms: आग (āg), आतिश (ātiś)
Declension
Declension of अग्नि (fem i-stem)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | अग्नि agni | अग्नियाँ agniyā̃ |
oblique | अग्नि agni | अग्नियों agniyõ |
vocative | अग्नि agni | अग्नियो agniyo |
Marathi
Alternative forms
- अग्नी (agnī)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अग्नि (agní). Doublet of आग (āg). Compare Old Marathi 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡 (agna), 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡𑘲 (agnī), 𑘀𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘲 (ajñī).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /əɡ.ni/, [əɡ.niː]
Proper noun
अग्नि • (agni) m
- (Hinduism) Agni (Hindu deity of fire)
Noun
अग्नि • (agni) m
- (formal) fire
Declension
Declension of अग्नि (agni) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular | अग्नि agni | ||
direct plural | अग्नि agni | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | अग्नि agni | अग्नि agni | |
oblique | अग्नि- agni- | अग्निं- agniN- | |
dative | अग्निला agnilā | अग्निंना agniNnā | |
ergative | अग्निने agnine | अग्निंनी agniNni | |
instrumental | अग्निशी agniśi | अग्निंशी agniNśi | |
locative | अग्नित agnit | अग्निंत agniNt | |
vocative | अग्नि agni | अग्निंनो agniNno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of अग्नि | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
singular subject | अग्निचा agniċā | अग्निचे agnice | अग्निची agnici | अग्निच्या agnica | अग्निचे, अग्निचं agnice, agniċa | अग्निची agnici | अग्निच्या agnica | |
plural subject | अग्निंचा agniNċā | अग्निंचे agniNce | अग्निंची agniNci | अग्निंच्या agniNca | अग्निंचे, अग्निंचं agniNce, agniNċa | अग्निंची agniNci | अग्निंच्या agniNca | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
Nepali
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अग्नि (agní).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʌɡ̞ni]
- Phonetic Devanagari: अग्नि
Proper noun
अग्नि • (agni)
- Agni, Hindu deity of fire
Declension
Declension of अग्नि | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | |||
nominative | अग्नि [ʌɡni] | ||
accusative | अग्निलाई [ʌɡniläi] | ||
instrumental/ergative | अग्निले [ʌɡnile] | ||
dative | अग्निलाई [ʌɡniläi] | ||
ablative | अग्निबाट [ʌɡnibäʈʌ] | ||
genitive | अग्निको [ʌɡniko] | ||
locative | अग्निमा [ʌɡnimä] | ||
Notes:
|
Noun
अग्नि • (agni)
- fire
- Synonym: आगो (āgo)
Declension
Declension of अग्नि | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | |||
nominative | अग्नि [ʌɡni] | ||
accusative | अग्निलाई [ʌɡniläi] | ||
instrumental/ergative | अग्निले [ʌɡnile] | ||
dative | अग्निलाई [ʌɡniläi] | ||
ablative | अग्निबाट [ʌɡnibäʈʌ] | ||
genitive | अग्निको [ʌɡniko] | ||
locative | अग्निमा [ʌɡnimä] | ||
Notes:
|
Old Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अग्नि (agní).
Noun
अग्नि (agni) f
- fire
Descendants
- Hindi: अग्नि (agni)
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ᬅᬕ᭄ᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
- অগ্নি (Assamese script)
- অগ্নি (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰐𑰿𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌅𑌗𑍍𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
- અગ્નિ (Gujarati script)
- ਅਗੑਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦄꦒ꧀ꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
- អគ្និ (Khmer script)
- ಅಗ್ನಿ (Kannada script)
- ອຄ຺ນິ (Lao script)
- അഗ്നി (Malayalam script)
- 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠠᠺᠨᢈ (Mongolian script)
- ᠠᡤᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
- အဂ္နိ (Burmese script)
- 𑦠𑦰𑧠𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐐𑑂𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଅଗ୍ନି (Oriya script)
- ꢂꢔ꣄ꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆓𑇀𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖐𑖿𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
- අග්නි (Sinhalese script)
- అగ్ని (Telugu script)
- อคฺนิ (Thai script)
- ཨ་གྣི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒑𑓂𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hagníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hagnís, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥gʷnís. Cognate with Latin ignis, Old Church Slavonic огнь (ognĭ), ⱁⰳⱀⱐ (ognĭ).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɐɡ.ní/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɐɡ.n̪i/
Proper noun
अग्नि • (agní) m
- Agni, god of fire
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.1.1
- अ॒ग्निमी॑ळे पु॒रोहि॑तं य॒ज्ञस्य॑ दे॒वमृ॒त्विजं॑ ।
होता॑रं रत्न॒धात॑मं ॥- agnimīḷe purohitaṃ yajñasya devamṛtvijaṃ .
hotāraṃ ratnadhātamaṃ . - I Laud Agni, the chosen Priest, God, minister of sacrifice,
The hotar, lavishest of wealth.
- agnimīḷe purohitaṃ yajñasya devamṛtvijaṃ .
Declension
Masculine i-stem declension of अग्नि (agní) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अग्निः agníḥ | अग्नी agnī́ | अग्नयः agnáyaḥ |
Vocative | अग्ने ágne | अग्नी ágnī | अग्नयः ágnayaḥ |
Accusative | अग्निम् agním | अग्नी agnī́ | अग्नीन् agnī́n |
Instrumental | अग्निना / अग्न्या¹ agnínā / agnyā̀¹ | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभिः agníbhiḥ |
Dative | अग्नये / अग्न्ये² agnáye / agnyè² | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभ्यः agníbhyaḥ |
Ablative | अग्नेः / अग्न्यः² agnéḥ / agnyàḥ² | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभ्यः agníbhyaḥ |
Genitive | अग्नेः / अग्न्यः² agnéḥ / agnyàḥ² | अग्न्योः agnyóḥ | अग्नीनाम् agnīnā́m |
Locative | अग्नौ agnaú | अग्न्योः agnyóḥ | अग्निषु agníṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
अग्नि • (agní) m
- fire, sacrificial fire (of three kinds, गार्हपत्य (gārhapatya), आहवनीय (āhavanīya), and दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa))
- the number three
- the fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid
- bile
- gold
- name of various plants; Semecarpus anacardium, Plumbago zeylanica, Plumbago indica, Citrus aurantifolia
- mystical substitute for the letter r
- in the कातन्त्र (kātantra) grammar, name of noun-stems ending in i and u
Declension
Masculine i-stem declension of अग्नि (agní) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अग्निः agníḥ | अग्नी agnī́ | अग्नयः agnáyaḥ |
Vocative | अग्ने ágne | अग्नी ágnī | अग्नयः ágnayaḥ |
Accusative | अग्निम् agním | अग्नी agnī́ | अग्नीन् agnī́n |
Instrumental | अग्निना / अग्न्या¹ agnínā / agnyā̀¹ | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभिः agníbhiḥ |
Dative | अग्नये / अग्न्ये² agnáye / agnyè² | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभ्यः agníbhyaḥ |
Ablative | अग्नेः / अग्न्यः² agnéḥ / agnyàḥ² | अग्निभ्याम् agníbhyām | अग्निभ्यः agníbhyaḥ |
Genitive | अग्नेः / अग्न्यः² agnéḥ / agnyàḥ² | अग्न्योः agnyóḥ | अग्नीनाम् agnīnā́m |
Locative | अग्नौ agnaú | अग्न्योः agnyóḥ | अग्निषु agníṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑀺 (agi /aggi/)
- Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀺 (aggi), 𑀅𑀕𑀡𑀺 (agaṇi), 𑀅𑀕𑀺𑀡𑀺 (agiṇi) (see there for further descendants)
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri:
- Arabic: اۆگُن (ogun)
- Devanagari: ऒगुन (ogun)
- Kashmiri:
- Gandhari: 𐨀𐨒𐨁 (agi)
- Pali: aggi, aggini, gini
- → Khmer: អគ្គិ (ʼakkiʼ) (learned)
- → Lao: ອັກຄີ (ʼak khī) (learned)
- → Thai: อัคคี (àk-kii) (learned)
- → Assamese: অগ্নি (ogni), আগুনি (aguni)
- → Bengali: অগ্নি (ôgni), আগুন (agun)
- → Gujarati: અગ્નિ (agni)
- → Hindustani:
- → Old Hindi: अग्नि (agni)
- Hindi: अग्नि (agni)
- → Urdu: اگنی (agni)
- → Old Hindi: अग्नि (agni)
- → Old Javanese: agni
- Javanese: geni
- → Balinese: ᬅᬕ᭄ᬦᬶ (agni)
- → Kannada: ಅಗ್ನಿ (agni)
- → Lao: ອັກຄະນີ (ʼak kha nī)
- → Old Marathi:
- Devanagari: अग्न (agna), अग्नि (agni), अज्ञी (ajñī)
- Modi: 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡 (agna), 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡𑘲 (agnī), 𑘀𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘲 (ajñī)
- → Marathi: अग्नि (agni), अग्नी (agnī)
- → Oriya: ଅଗ୍ନି (ôgni)
- → Rajasthani: अगन, अगनी
- → Rohingya: ooin
- → Sylheti: ꠀꠉꠥꠁꠘ (aguin)
- → Tamil: அக்கினி (akkiṉi), அக்னி (akṉi)
- → Malayalam: അഗ്നി (agni)
- → Telugu: అగ్ని (agni)
- → Thai: อัคนี (àk-ká-nii)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “अग्नि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0005.