ܟܒܪ

ܟܒܪ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic כְּבַר‎ (kəḇar); compare the same in Hebrew כְּבָר‎ (k'vár).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kwar.]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃvar.]

Adverb

ܟܒ݂ܲܪ • (kḇar)

1. already (before now, or before then)

   ‏ܐܵܢܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ.‎‎

   ānā kḇar ḵīlā ìwen min qam tē lī laʾḵā.

   I already ate before I came here.

2. long since
3. perhaps

Etymology 2

From Aramaic כְּבַר‎ (kəḇar) and כַּבֵּר‎ (kabbēr); compare Arabic كَبُرَ‎ (kabura) and كَبَّرَ‎ (kabbara).

Pronunciation 1

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kɑːwerː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɑːvɪrː]

Verb

ܟܵܒ݂ܹܪ • (kāḇēr) (present participle ܟܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ‎ (kḇārā), past participle ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ‎ (kḇīrā))

1. to be much/many

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܟܵܒ݂ܹܪ (kāḇēr)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܝܼ‎ (kḇirī)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܘܼܟ݂‎ (kḇiruḵ)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܹܗ‎ (kḇīrēh)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܲܢ‎ (kḇīran)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (kḇīrāwḵon)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܗܘܿܢ‎ (kḇirhon)
	f		ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܟ݂ܝ‎ (kḇīrāḵ)	ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܗ̇‎ (kḇīrāh)
non-past	m	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܹܢ‎ (kāḇrēn)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܹܬ‎ (kāḇrēt)	ܟܵܒ݂ܹܪ (kāḇēr)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܲܚ‎ (kāḇraḥ)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (kāḇriton)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܝܼ‎ (kāḇrī)
	f	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܵܢ‎ (kāḇrān)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܵܬ‎ (kāḇrāt)	ܟܵܒ݂ܪܵܐ‎ (kāḇrā)
imperative	m		ܟܒ݂ܘܿܪ‎ (kḇor)			ܟܒ݂ܘܿܪܘܼܢ‎ (kḇorun)
	f		ܟܒ݂ܘܿܪܝ‎ (kḇor)

Pronunciation 2

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kabberː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɑːvɪrː]

Verb

ܟܲܒܸܪ • (kabbir) (present participle ܟܲܒܘܼܪܹܐ‎ (kaburē), past participle ܟܘܼܒܪܵܐ‎ (kubrā))

1. to increase, multiply, make much/many
2. to say the takbir: اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَر‎ (allāhu ʾakbar, “God is greater”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܟܲܒܸܪ (kabbir)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܝܼ‎ (kubirī)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܘܼܟ݂‎ (kubiruḵ)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܹܗ‎ (kubirrēh)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܲܢ‎ (kubirran)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (kubirrāwḵon)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܗܘܿܢ‎ (kubirhon)
	f		ܟܘܼܒܸܪܵܟ݂ܝ‎ (kubirrāḵ)	ܟܘܼܒܸܪܵܗ̇‎ (kubirrāh)
non-past	m	ܟܲܒܪܸܢ‎ (kabrin)	ܟܲܒܪܸܬ‎ (kabrit)	ܟܲܒܸܪ (kabbir)	ܟܲܒܪܲܚ‎ (kabraḥ)	ܟܲܒܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ‎ (kabriton)	ܟܲܒܪܝܼ‎ (kabrī)
	f	ܟܲܒܪܵܢ‎ (kabrān)	ܟܲܒܪܵܬܝ‎ (kabrāt)	ܟܲܒܪܵܐ‎ (kabrā)
imperative	m		ܟܲܒܸܪ (kabbir)			ܟܲܒܪܘܼܢ‎ (kabrun)
	f		ܟܲܒܸܪܝ‎ (kabbir)

Etymology 3

From Biblical Hebrew כְּבָר‎ (kəḇār)

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kwar.]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃvar.]

Proper noun

ܟܒ݂ܲܪ • (kḇar) f

1. Chebar (A particular river in Mesopotamia)
   • Ezekiel 1:3:

     ‏ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܕܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܚܲܙܩܝܼܐܹܝܠ ܒܪܘܿܢܵܐ ܒܘܿܙܝܼ ܟܵܗܢܵܐ، ܒܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܕܟܲܠܕܵܝܹ̈ܐ ܥܲܠ ܢܲܗܪܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ. ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ ܐܝܼܕܵܐ ܕܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܬܵܡܵܐ.‎‎

     w-ē lēh hēmizmān d-māryā ʿal ḥazqīʾēl bronā bozī kāhnā, b-ʾarʿā d-kaldāyē ʿal nahrā kḇar. w-wē lēh ʿaluh īdā d-māryā tāmā.

     The word of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the Lord was upon him there.

   • Ezekiel 3:15:

     ‏ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܠܫܒ݂ܝܼܬܵܐ ܠܬܸܠ ܐܲܒ݂ܝܼܒ݂ ܕܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܝܼ ܐܲܝܟܵܐ ܕܐܵܢܝܼ ܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܥܲܠ ܢܲܗܪܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ؛ ܘܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܝܼ ܬܵܡܵܐ ܫܲܒ݂ܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܥܓ̰ܝܼܒܵܐ ܓܵܘܵܝܗܝ.‎‎

     w-tē lī l-šḇītā l-til aḇiḇ d-ytiḇ lī aykā d-ʾānī tiḇ lhon ʿal nahrā kḇar; w-ytiḇ lī tāmā šaḇʿā yāwmānē ʿjībā gāwāyh.

     Then I came to the captives at Tel Abib, who dwelt by the River Chebar; and I sat where they sat, and remained there astonished among them seven days.