ܛܝܪܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
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ܛܝܪܐ (ܚܝܘܬܐ)
Etymology 1
| Root |
|---|
| ܛ ܘ ܪ (ṭ w r) |
| 1 term |
From Aramaic טַיְרָא (ṭayrā); compare the same in Arabic طَائِر (ṭāʾir).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [tˤaj.rɑː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [tˤeːrɑː]
- (Tyari) IPA(key): [tˤaj.rɑ]
Noun
ܛܲܝܪܵܐ • (ṭayrā) m or f (plural ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭayrē))
- bird (warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate animal with feathers, wings, and a beak)
- ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܒܛܘܼܪܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܸܙܡܵܪܵܐ.
- ṭayrā b-ṭurā ìwā bizmārā.
- The bird was in the mountain singing.
- Proverbs 27:8:
- ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܸܢܹܗ، ܗܵܕܟ݂ܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܲܝܬܹܗ.
- ayḵ ṭayrā d-ʿārēq min qinnēh, hādḵā ìlēh nāšā d-ʿārēq min baytēh.
- Like a bird that wanders from its nest, Is a man who wanders from his place.
- Matthew 13:4:
- ܟܲܕ ܒܸܙܪܵܥܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܲܪܙܲܪܥܵܐ، ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܕܢܦܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܡܲܪܙܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ ܘܠܩܝܼܛ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܸܠܹܗ.
- kad bizrāʿā ìwā barzarʿā, īt wā d-npil lēh ʿal marzā d-ʾurḥā, w-tē lhon ṭayrē w-l-qiṭ lhon illēh.
- As he was scattering the seeds, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up.
Usage notes
While this word is traditionally feminine, it is masculine in Iraqi Koine and can refer to either gender of bird.
Inflection
Inflection of ܛܲܝܪܵܐ (ṭayrā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܛܲܝܪܝܼ (ṭayrī) | ܛܲܝܪܲܢ (ṭayran) | ||
| construct | ܛܲܝܪ (ṭayr) | 2nd person | ܛܲܝܪܘܼܟ݂ (ṭayruḵ) | ܛܲܝܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭayrāḵ) | ܛܲܝܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭayrāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܛܲܝܪܵܐ (ṭayrā) | 3rd person | ܛܲܝܪܹܗ (ṭayrēh) | ܛܲܝܪܘܿܗ̇ (ṭayroh) | ܛܲܝܪܗܘܿܢ (ṭayrhon) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܝܼ (ṭayrī) | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܢ (ṭayran) | ||
| construct | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܝ (ṭayray) | 2nd person | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ṭayruḵ) | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭayrāḵ) | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭayrāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭayrē) | 3rd person | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܗܝ (ṭayrwh) | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṭayroh) | ܛܲܝܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ṭayrhon) | ||
Etymology 2
ܛܝܪܐ (ܓܘܡܢܐ ܕܥܪ̈ܒܐ)
From Aramaic טְיָרָא (ṭyārā); realted to Hebrew טִירָה (tirá).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːrɑː]
Noun
ܛܝܵܪܵܐ • (ṭyārā) m (plural ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭyārē))
- sheepfold, enclosure
- ܐܲܟܵܪܵܐ ܘܪܵܥܝܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܢܵܛܪܝܼ ܒܲܕ̈ܠܹܐ ܥܲܠ ܥܸܪ̈ܒܗܘܿܢ ܘܒܸܩܪܗܘܿܢ ܚܒ݂ܝܼܫܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܛܝܵܪܵܐ.
- akkārā w-rāʿyā kē nāṭrī badlē ʿal ʿirbhon w-biqrhon ḥḇīšā gāw ṭyārā.
- The farmer and shepherd watch over their sheep and cattle enclosed in the sheepfold.
Inflection
Inflection of ܛܝܵܪܵܐ (ṭyārā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܛܝܵܪܝܼ (ṭyārī) | ܛܝܵܪܲܢ (ṭyāran) | ||
| construct | ܛܝܵܪ (ṭyār) | 2nd person | ܛܝܵܪܘܼܟ݂ (ṭyāruḵ) | ܛܝܵܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭyārāḵ) | ܛܝܵܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭyārāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܛܝܵܪܵܐ (ṭyārā) | 3rd person | ܛܝܵܪܹܗ (ṭyārēh) | ܛܝܵܪܘܿܗ̇ (ṭyāroh) | ܛܝܵܪܗܘܿܢ (ṭyārhon) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܝܼ (ṭyārī) | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܢ (ṭyāran) | ||
| construct | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܝ (ṭyāray) | 2nd person | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ṭyāruḵ) | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭyārāḵ) | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭyārāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭyārē) | 3rd person | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܗܝ (ṭyārwh) | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṭyāroh) | ܛܝܵܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ṭyārhon) | ||
Etymology 3
ܥܘܡܪܐ ܓܘ ܛܝܪܐ ܬܚܬܝܬܐ
Literally, “The sheepfolds”. From the plural of the above, referring to them being renowned for their textiles spun and woven from sheep's wool, and their yogurt, cheese and other dairy products made from sheep or goat's milk.
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː]
- (Tyari) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː], [tjɑːreː]
Proper noun
ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ • (ṭyārē) m pl or f
- Tyari (Assyrian tribe and district within Hakkari on the western bank of the Zab river, traditionally divided into Upper and Lower Tyari)
- Meronyms: ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܥܸܠܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē ʿillāytā, “Upper Tyari”), ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܬܲܚܬܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē taḥtāytā, “Lower Tyari”)
Derived terms
- ܛܝܵܪܵܝܵܐ (ṭyārāyā)
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
From the root ܛ-ܘ-ܪ (ṭ-w-r) related to flying. Compare Arabic طَيْر (ṭayr).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tˤajrɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [tˤajre(ʔ)] (plural)
Noun
ܛܝܪܐ • (ṭayrā) f (plural ܛܝܪܐ)
- bird (especially bird of prey), birds
- Synonyms: ܨܦܪܐ, ܦܪܚܬܐ, ܥܘܦܐ, ܚܛܘܦܐ, ܦܪܘܚܐ
- winged insect
Inflection
inflection of ܛܝܪܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܛܝܪ | ܛܝܪܝܢ |
| construct | ܛܝܪ | ܛܝܪܝ |
| emphatic | ܛܝܪܐ | ܛܝܪܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܛܝܪܝ | ܛܝܪܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܛܝܪܟ | ܛܝܪܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܝ | ܛܝܪܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܛܝܪܗ | ܛܝܪܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܛܝܪܗ | ܛܝܪܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܛܝܪܢ | ܛܝܪܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܘܢ | ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܝܢ | ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܛܝܪܗܘܢ | ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܛܝܪܗܝܢ | ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ |
Proper noun
ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) f
- (astronomy) name of a star
Etymology 2
Compare Hebrew טִירָה (ṭîrâ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑrɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑre(ʔ)] (plural)
Noun
ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܛܝܪܐ)
- hurdle
- enclosure, sheepfold
- flock, herd
- convent
Inflection
inflection of ܛܝܪܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܛܝܪ | ܛܝܪܝܢ |
| construct | ܛܝܪ | ܛܝܪܝ |
| emphatic | ܛܝܪܐ | ܛܝܪܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܛܝܪܝ | ܛܝܪܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܛܝܪܟ | ܛܝܪܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܝ | ܛܝܪܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܛܝܪܗ | ܛܝܪܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܛܝܪܗ | ܛܝܪܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܛܝܪܢ | ܛܝܪܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܘܢ | ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܛܝܪܟܝܢ | ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܛܝܪܗܘܢ | ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܛܝܪܗܝܢ | ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ |
References
- “ṭyr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 126a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 172b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 527b-528a