ܚܘܪܐ

ܚܘܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic חִיוָּרָא‎ (ḥewwārā), from the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r) related to whitening; compare Arabic أَحْوَر‎ (ʾaḥwar), حُوَّارَى‎ (ḥuwwārā, “chalk”), Hebrew חִוֵּר‎ (khivér, “pale”), חוּר‎ (khúr, “fine white cloth”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [xwɑːrɑː]

Adjective

ܚܘܵܪܵܐ • (ḥwārā) m (feminine ܚܘܵܪܬܵܐ‎ (ḥwārtā), plural ܚܵܘܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ḥwārē))

1. white

Noun

ܚܘܵܪܵܐ • (ḳwara) m

1. white (color)

Antonyms

• ܐ݇ܟܘܼܡܵܐ‎ (kumā, “black”)

See also

Colors in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · ܨܸܒ݂ܥܹ̈ܐ‎ (ṣiḇʿē) (layout · text)

ܚܘܵܪܵܐ (ḥwārā)	ܩܲܛܡܵܐ‎ (qaṭmā)	ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ‎ (komā)
ܣܡܘܿܩܵܐ‎ (smoqā); ܩܸܪܡܝܼܙܵܐ‎ (qirmīzā)	ܦܘܼܪܬܩܵܠܵܐ‎ (purtqālā); ܫܚܝܼܡܵܐ‎ (šḥīmā)	ܙܵܪܓܵܐ‎ (zārgā), ܫܲܥܘܿܬ݂ܵܐ‎ (šaʿoṯā)
ܠܲܝܡܵܐ‎ (laymā)	ܝܲܪܘܼܩܵܐ‎ (yaruqā)	ܩܝܼܢܵܐ‎ (qīnā)
ܟܝܵܢܵܐ‎ (kyānā)	ܙܲܪܩܵܐ‎ (zarqā)	ܡܝܼܠܵܐ‎ (mīlā)
ܒܵܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ‎ (bānafšā); ܡܲܝܩܵܐ‎ (mayqā)	ܦ̮ܘܼܫܝܼܵܐ‎ (fušīyā); ܐܲܪܓܘܵܢܵܐ‎ (argwānā)	ܘܲܪܕܵܐ‎ (wardā)

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Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r), related to whitening; compare Arabic حُوَّارَى‎ (ḥuwwārā), أَحْوَر‎ (ʾaḥwar), Hebrew חִוֵּר‎ (ḥiwwēr), חוּר‎ (ḥūr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ħɛwˈwɑ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [xɪwˈwɑ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ħɛˈwo.ro]

Adjective

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥewwārā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܘܪܬܐ‎)

1. white, silvery; clear, bright

Inflection

    declension of ܚܘܪܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ	ܚܘܪܝܢ
construct	ܚܘܪ	ܚܘܪܝ
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܢ
construct	ܚܘܪܬ	ܚܘܪܬ
emphatic	ܚܘܪܬܐ	ܚܘܪܬܐ

Antonyms

• ܐܘܟܡܐ‎ (ʾūkkāmā)

Noun

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥewwārā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ (ḥewwārē), singular feminine counterpart ܚܘܪܬܐ‎ (ḥewwārtā))

1. white (color)
2. (numismatics) silver coin
3. white pepper
4. various trees and plants: white alder, white vine
5. white metal, tin
6. sheep
7. (in the plural) white garments
8. (anatomy) sclera, white of the eye

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܘܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
construct	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܘܪܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܘܪܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 2

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r), related to whitening; compare Arabic حَوْر‎ (ḥawr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈħaw.(wə.)rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈxaw.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈħɑw.ro]

Noun

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥawwərā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ (ḥawwərē))

1. various trees: white poplar, alder
2. cinder, burnt out coal
3. yearling lamb

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܘܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
construct	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܘܪܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܘܪܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 3

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r) related to gazing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈħaw.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈxaw.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈħɑw.ro]

Noun

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥawrā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ)

1. vision, sight, gaze
2. aspect, look, appearance
3. spectacle
4. pattern
5. likeness, example, model, copy
6. time

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܘܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
construct	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܘܪܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܘܪܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 4

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r) related to gazing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ħawˈwɑ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [xawˈwɑ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ħɑˈwo.ro]

Adjective

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥawwārā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܘܪܬܐ‎)

1. envious, jealous, gluttonous, greedy

Inflection

    declension of ܚܘܪܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ	ܚܘܪܝܢ
construct	ܚܘܪ	ܚܘܪܝ
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܢ
construct	ܚܘܪܬ	ܚܘܪܬ
emphatic	ܚܘܪܬܐ	ܚܘܪܬܐ

Etymology 5

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-w-r) related to gazing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ħ(ə.)ˈwɑ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈxwɑ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈħwo.ro]

Noun

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥəwārā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ (ḥəwārē))

1. look, glance, gazing
2. consideration, contemplation
3. aim, intention

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܘܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
construct	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܘܪܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܘܪܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 6

From the root ܚ-ܪ-ܪ‎ (ḥ-r-r); compare Arabic خَوْر‎ (ḵawr), Hebrew חֹר‎ (ḥōr). Compare also Old Armenian խոր (xor).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈħor.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈxor.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈħu.ro]

Noun

ܚܘܪܐ • (ḥorrā, ḥōrā) m (plural ܚܘܪܐ (ḥorrē, ḥōrē))

1. hole, aperture

Inflection

    inflection of ܚܘܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
construct	ܚܘܪ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
emphatic	ܚܘܪܐ	ܚܘܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܘܪܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܘܪܗ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܘܪܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܘܪܟܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܘܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܘܪܗܝܢ‎	ܚܘܪܝܗܝܢ‎

References

• “ḥwr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-12
• “ḥwr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2019-04-14
• “ḥwr³”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2019-04-14
• “ḥwr⁴”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2019-04-13
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 100b, 115a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 134a-b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 432a-b