ܚܐܪܘܬܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology
From ܚܹܐܪܵܐ (free, “ḳērā”) + the abstract noun ending -ܘܬܐ (-uta).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [xiːruːtɑː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ħeːruːθɑː]
Noun
ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ • (ḳērutā) f (plural ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܹܐ (ḳērwātē))
- freedom, liberty, free will
- ܐܝܼܬ ܠܲܢ ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܐܲܬܪܵܐ
- ītlan ḳērutā gāw d-āhā atrā.
- We have freedom in this country.
- (figuratively) nobility, good breeding
Declension
Inflection of ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ (ḥērutā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܝܼ (ḥērutī) | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܲܢ (ḥērutan) | ||
| construct | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬ (ḥērut) | 2nd person | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܘܼܟ݂ (ḥērutuḵ) | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥērutāḵ) | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥērutāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ (ḥērutā) | 3rd person | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܹܗ (ḥērutēh) | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܘܿܗ̇ (ḥērutoh) | ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܗܘܿܢ (ḥēruthon) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܝܼ (ḥērwātī) | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܲܢ (ḥērwātan) | ||
| construct | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܼܬܲܝ (ḥērutay) | 2nd person | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܼܟ݂ (ḥērwātuḵ) | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥērwātāḵ) | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥērwātāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܹܐ (ḥērwātē) | 3rd person | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܼܗܝ (ḥērwātuh) | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܿܗ̇ (ḥērwātoh) | ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܗܘܿܢ (ḥērwāthon) | ||
Antonyms
- ܥܲܒ݂ܕܘܼܬܵܐ (ʿawdutā, “slavery”)
Classical Syriac
Alternative forms
- ܚܝܪܘܬܐ, ܚܪܘܬܐ
Etymology
From the root ܚ-ܪ (ḥ-r) related to freedom. Compare Arabic حُرِّيَّة (ḥurriyya) and Hebrew חֵרוּת (ḥērûṯ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħe(ʔ)ruθɑ]
Noun
ܚܐܪܘܬܐ • (ḥērūṯā) f (uncountable)
- liberty, freedom, free will
- (figuratively) nobility, good breeding
- generosity, good manners, politeness
- continence
Inflection
declension of ܚܐܪܘܬܐ
| state | singular (uncountable) |
|---|---|
| absolute | ܚܐܪܘ |
| construct | ܚܐܪܘܬ |
| emphatic | ܚܐܪܘܬܐ |
| possessive forms | |
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܚܐܪܘܬܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܚܐܪܘܬܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܚܐܪܘܬܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܚܐܪܘܬܗ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܚܐܪܘܬܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܚܐܪܘܬܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܚܐܪܘܬܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܚܐܪܘܬܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܚܐܪܘܬܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܚܐܪܘܬܗܝܢ |
Antonyms
- ܥܒܕܘܬܐ
References
- “ḥyryw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 115a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 122a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 403a