گوهر

گوهر

Persian

Alternative forms

• گهر‎ (gohar)

Etymology

From Middle Persian gwhl (/gōhr, gōhar/, “substance, essence; jewel”), from Old Persian *gauθra, *gavaθra.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /ɡawhaɾ/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /ɡawhaɾ/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /ɡowhæɾ/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /ɡavhaɾ/

Noun

Dari	گوهر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гавҳар (gavhar)

گوهر • (gowhar) (plural گوهرها‎ (gowhar-hâ))

1. jewel
2. gem
3. pearl
4. essence

Descendants

• → Arabic: جوهر‎ (jawhar)
  • Maltese: ġawhar
  • → Chechen: жовхӏар (žowhar)
  • → Kazakh: жауһар (jauhar)
  • → Malay: jauhar
    • Indonesian: jauhar
  • → Malay: Johor
    • → English: Johor, Johore
  • → Middle Armenian: ջոհար (ǰohar), ջուար (ǰuar), ջօհար (ǰōhar), ջուհար (ǰuhar), ջաւհար (ǰawhar), ճոհար (čohar), ճուհար (čuhar), ճօհար (čōhar)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: جوهر‎ (cevher)
    • Turkish: cevher
    • → Greek: τζοβαΐρι (tzovaḯri)
    • → Romanian: giuvaier
    • → Serbo-Croatian:

      Cyrillic: џевер

      Latin: džever

  • → Persian: جوهر‎ (jowhar)
    • → Hindustani:

      Hindi: जौहर (jauhar)

      Urdu: جوہر‎ (jauhar)

    • → Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi: ਜੌਹਰ (jauhar)

      Shahmukhi: جوہر‎ (jauhar)

  • → Swahili: johari
  • ⇒ Arabic: جواهر‎ pl (jawāhir)
• → Middle Mongol: ᠭᠥ‍ᠭᠠ‍ᠷ (gö‍ɣa‍r)
• → Bashkir: гәүһәр (gäwhär), Гәүһәр (Gäwhär)
• → Georgian: გოარი (goari)
• → Kazakh: гауһар (gauhar)
• → Turkmen: göwher
• → Urdu: گوہر‎ (gauhar, gohar)

Proper noun

گوهر • (gowhar)

1. a female given name, Gohar or Gowhar, from Middle Persian

Synonyms

• جواهر‎ (javâher)

Related terms

• گوهران‎ (gowharân)
• گوهرفروش‎ (gowhar-foruš, “jeweler”)
• گوهرشناسی‎ (gowhar-šenâsi, “lapidary”)

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864), “گوهر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum (in Latin), volume II, Bonn: Adolf Marcus, pages 1057a–1059b