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单词 گذشتن
释义

گذشتن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wtštn' /widaštan/), [script needed] (wtltn' /widardan/, pass, cross, die).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ɡuðaʃtan/
  • (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /ɡʊzaʃtan/
  • (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /ɡozæʃtæn/
  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /ɡuzaʃtan/

Verb

Dariگذشتن
Iranian Persian
Tajikгузаштан (guzaštan)

گُذَشتَن (gozaštan) (present stem گُذَر (gozar)) (intransitive)

  1. to pass, to pass away (especially of time)
    این نیز بگذردin niz bogzoradthis too shall pass
    • c. 1100, Omar Khayyam, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam:
      از دی که گذشت هیچ از آن یاد مکن
      فردا که نیامده است فریاد مکن.
      az dī ki guzašt hēč az ān yād ma-kun
      fardā ki nay-āmada ast faryād ma-kun
      The yesterday that's gone, you must forget what it was
      For the tomorrow not come, don't flitter and fuss.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
    • c. 1789, Wajīh al-Dīn Ashraf, بحرِ زخّار [Bahr-i Zaxxār]:
      چنانچه بعد از نماز چهار روز گذشت و باران نبارید []
      čunānči ba'd az namāz čahār rōz guzašt u bārān na-bārīd []
      when four days passed after the prayer and it did not rain []
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. to pass away; to die
    Synonym: درگذشتن (dargozaštan)
  3. to cross over
    از این رودخانه گذشتم.
    az in rudxâne gozaštam.
    I crossed over this river.
  4. to overlook; to pardon (a wrong, a sin)

Usage notes

  • گذشتن (gozaštan) is intransitive, and in senses that are equivalent to English transitive verbs, از (az) is used for what in English would be the direct object.

Conjugation

Derived terms

  • خوش گذشتن (xoš gozaštan)
  • درگذشتن (dargozaštan, to pass away)
  • گذراندن (gozarândan, to spend; to pass (time))
  • گذشت (gozašt, indulgence; generosity)
  • گذشته (gozašte, past)
  • گذاشتن (gozâštan, to let; to place)

References

  1. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “widardan”/“widaštan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90
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