گاش

گاش

See also: کاش‎, كأس‎, کاس‎, and گاسہٕ‎‎

Kashmiri

FWOTD – 29 January 2023

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit काश (kāśa, “visibility, appearance”), from the root काश् (kāś, “to shine, to be visible”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡaːʃ]

Noun

گاش • (gāś) m (Devanagari गाश)

1. light, illumination, radiance, luminosity, lustre
   • c. 14th century CE, Lal Dyad, “کَلامِ لَل دؠد [The poetry of Lal Ded]”, in کلامِ شیخ العلم [The poetry of Sheikh ul Alam]‎, page 268:

     ‏گۄرٕے ماتا گۄرٕے پِتا
     گۄرٕے اَنہِ نؠترَن گاش‎

     gọrụy mātā gọrụy pitā
     gọrụy ani nyatran gāś

     The guru is the mother and the guru is the father
     The guru alone brings light to the eyes.

   • 2020 November 24, Bhushan Kaul "Deep", “दऺपिथ कऻशुर तॖ कथ-बाथ [Spoken Kashmiri and conversation]”, in https://koshursabak.blogspot.com:

     ‏[...] مَگَر لَقب اوس آمُت دِنہٕ أمِس بھاسکَر یانہِ سِرَیہ یُس گَٹہِ مَنٛز گاش اَنان چھُ۔‎‎

     [...] magar laqab ōs āmut dinụ ạmis bhāskar yāni sirayi yus gaṭi manz gāś anān chu.

     [...] but his title was "Bhaskar", the sun; who brings light to the darkness.

   Synonyms: نوٗر‎ (nūr), روشنی‎ (rōśnī), پرَٛکاش‎ (prakāś)

   Antonyms: گۆٹ‎ (goṭ), اَنہِ گۆٹ‎ (ani goṭ), گَٹہٕ کار‎ (gaṭhụ kār)

2. daylight
   • 1998, Zutshi, Som Nath, یێِلہِ پھۆل گاش-اَفسانہٕ سۆمبرَن [When the light shone-a collection of short stories]‎ (fiction), Jammu: Durga publications, page 43:

     ‏لَرِ پھِرٕنؠ دِوان دِوان آس گاش۔ بیٖب تہِ ؤژھ نێنٛدرِ۔‎‎

     lari phirụn' divān divān ās gāś. bīb ti vạċh nendri.

     While tossing and turning on the bed, suddenly, daylight came. The wife also woke up.

3. knowledge
   • c. 14th century CE, Nund Reshi, کلامِ شیخ العلم [The poetry of Sheikh ul Alam]‎, page 59:

     ‏نَفسَس پَتہٕ لَگُن چھُے أچھؠ مَنٛز سَرُن
     گاشٕچ وۄمید بٔرزِنہٕ زاہ‎

     nafsas patụ lagun chuy ạch' manz sarun
     gāśục vọmēd bạrzinụ zah

     To run after the [the knowledge of] self is like putting a blade of grass in one's eye
     Never, ever fill yourself with the hope of [the light of] knowledge

4. literacy
5. eyesight; clearness, brightness (of the eye)

Derived terms

• زوٗنہٕ گاش‎ (zūnụgāś, “moonlight”)
• أچھ گاش‎ (ạch gāś, “apple of someone's eye”, literally “eye-light”)
• گاش یُن‎ (gāś yun, “dawn breaking”, literally “light coming”)
• گاش پھۄلُن‎ (gāś phọlun, “rising of the sun, the coming of morning”, literally “light blossoming”)

References

• S. K. Toshakhani; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Mirza Ghulam Hassan Beg Arif; Ghulam Nabi Gowhar (1968-1980) Kashir Dictionary Vol 5‎ (in Kashmiri), Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 328
• Grierson, George Abraham (1932), “گاش”, in A dictionary of the Kashmiri language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, page 308
• Elmslie, William Jackson (1872) A Vocabulary of the Kashmírí Language‎, London: Church Missionary House, page 139

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Persian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɒːʃ/

Noun

گاش • (gâš)

1. (Sistani) sheep barn