کره

See also: كره‎, كرة‎, گره‎, گڑھ‎, گرہ‎, and ك ر ه‎

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian *karag. Related to Middle Armenian կարագ (karag) and Arabic كَرَج‎ (karaj).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /kaɾa/
(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /kæɾe/

Noun

Dari	مسکه‎
Iranian Persian	کره
Tajik	равған (ravġan)

کره • (kare) (plural کره‌ها‎ (kare-hâ))

butter
‏‎ ― kare-ye tâze ― fresh butter
mouldiness, mustiness

Derived terms

adjectives

کره‌ای‎ (kare'i)

nouns

کره گیری‎ (kare giri)
کره‌ ساز‎ (kare sâz)
کره‌ سازی‎ (kare sâzi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic كُرَة‎ (kura).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /kuɾa/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /kʊɾa/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /koɾe/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /kuɾa/

Noun

کره • (kore) (plural کرات‎ (korât) or کره‌ها‎ (kore-hâ))

globe, sphere
planet
Synonym: سیاره‎ (sayâre)

Derived terms

خاک‌کره‎ (xâk-kore, “geosphere”)
زیست‌کره‎ (zist-kore, “biosphere”)
سنگ‌کره‎ (sang-kore, “lithosphere”)
نیمکره‎ (nimkore, “hemisphere”)
کره زمین‎ (kore-ye zamin, “planet earth”)

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kwlk' /kurrag/, “colt”), from Old Iranian *kurna-ka-, a derivative of the Proto-Iranian root which gave Bakhtiari ‎ (kowr), Northern Kurdish kur (“boy, son”). Cognate with Northern Kurdish kurrik, Zazaki kurrî, kirrêk, kirri, kurik, kurrik, Talysh kırə, and akin to Middle Armenian քուռակ (kʿuṙak), Armenian քուռակ (kʿuṙak), քուռիկ (kʿuṙik), Aghwan 𐕣𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐕄 (kuruḳ), Georgian ქორაკი (koraḳi), კურაკი (ḳuraḳi), კურატი (ḳuraṭi), კურიჰკაჲ (ḳurihḳay), კურიკაჲ (ḳuriḳay), კურია (ḳuria), ქვირანაჸი (kviranaʾi), ქვირა (kvira), კურო (ḳuro), Arabic كُرَّج‎ (kurraj), Iranian borrowings.

Ultimately perhaps inherited from Proto-Indo-European and cognate with Hittite [script needed] (kurka-, “foal, colt”), Hesychian Ancient Greek κύρνος (kúrnos, “bastard son”).

Pronunciation

(kurra xar, “donkey foal”)

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /kuɾɾa/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /kʊɾɾa/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /koɾɾe/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /kuɾɾa/

Noun

کره • (korre) (plural کره‌ها‎ (korre-hâ))

colt, foal

Derived terms

کره اسب‎ (korre asb)

References

Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “քուռակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 594
Bielmeier, Roland (1993), “Das Alanische bei Tzetzes”, in W. Skalmowski and A. van Tongerloo, editors, Medioiranica: Proceedings of the International Colloquium organized by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven from the 21st to 23rd of May 1990 (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 14–15, footnote 15
Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 375
Puhvel, Jaan (1997), “kurka-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 14), volume 4, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 267–268

Etymology 4

From Arabic كَرْه‎ (karh).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /kaɾh/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /kaɾh/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /kæɾh/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /kaɾh/

Noun

کره • (karh)

aversion, dislike
Synonyms: بیمیلی‎ (bi-meyli), اکراه‎ (ekrâh)

Related terms

کرهاً‎ (karhan, “reluctantly”)

Etymology 5

From French Corée.

Pronunciation

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /koˈɾe/

Proper noun

Dari	کوریا‎
Iranian Persian	کره
Tajik	Корея (Koreya)

کره • (kore)

(chiefly Iran) Korea (a country in East Asia, now divided in two)

Derived terms

کره‌ای‎ (kore'i, “Korean”)

جمهوری دموکراتیک خلق کره‎ (jomhuri-ye demokrâtik-e xâlq-e kore)
جمهوری کره‎ (jomhuri-ye kore)
شبه‌جزیره کره‎ (šebh-e-jazire-ye kore)
کره جنوبی‎ (kore-ye jonubi)
کره شمالی‎ (kore-ye šomâli)