يوم
See also: یوم and يؤم
Arabic
Etymology
From the root ي و م (y-w-m). From Proto-Semitic *yawm-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jawm/
Audio (file)
Noun
يَوْم • (yawm) m (plural أَيَّام (ʔayyām))
- day, period from sunrise to sunset
- Antonym: لَيْلَة (layla)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 69:7:
- سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا فَتَرَى الْقَوْمَ فِيهَا صَرْعَى كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ خَاوِيَةٍ
- saḵḵarahā ʕalayhim sabʕa layālin wa-ṯamāniyata ʔayyāmin ḥusūman fa-tarā l-qawma fīhā ṣarʕā kaʔannahum ʔaʕjāzu naḵlin ḵāwiyatin
- Which Allah imposed upon them for seven nights and eight days in succession, so you would see the people therein fallen as if they were hollow trunks of palm trees.
- day, period of twenty-four hours
- فِي يَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ ― fī yawmin mina l-ʔayyāmi ― once (in the past), once upon a time
- (singular only) Judgement Day
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 76:7:
- يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَافُونَ يَوْمًا كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيرًا
- yūfūna bi-n-naḏri wayaḵāfūna yawman kāna šarruhu mustaṭīran
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
-
- (uncommon, Classical Arabic) (day of) battle
Declension
Declension of noun يَوْم (yawm)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | يَوْم yawm | الْيَوْم al-yawm | يَوْم yawm |
| Nominative | يَوْمٌ yawmun | الْيَوْمُ al-yawmu | يَوْمُ yawmu |
| Accusative | يَوْمًا yawman | الْيَوْمَ al-yawma | يَوْمَ yawma |
| Genitive | يَوْمٍ yawmin | الْيَوْمِ al-yawmi | يَوْمِ yawmi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | يَوْمَيْن yawmayn | الْيَوْمَيْن al-yawmayn | يَوْمَيْ yawmay |
| Nominative | يَوْمَانِ yawmāni | الْيَوْمَانِ al-yawmāni | يَوْمَا yawmā |
| Accusative | يَوْمَيْنِ yawmayni | الْيَوْمَيْنِ al-yawmayni | يَوْمَيْ yawmay |
| Genitive | يَوْمَيْنِ yawmayni | الْيَوْمَيْنِ al-yawmayni | يَوْمَيْ yawmay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَيَّام ʔayyām | الْأَيَّام al-ʔayyām | أَيَّام ʔayyām |
| Nominative | أَيَّامٌ ʔayyāmun | الْأَيَّامُ al-ʔayyāmu | أَيَّامُ ʔayyāmu |
| Accusative | أَيَّامًا ʔayyāman | الْأَيَّامَ al-ʔayyāma | أَيَّامَ ʔayyāma |
| Genitive | أَيَّامٍ ʔayyāmin | الْأَيَّامِ al-ʔayyāmi | أَيَّامِ ʔayyāmi |
Derived terms
- يَوْمًا (yawman)
- الْيَوْمَ (al-yawma)
- يَوْمِيّ (yawmiyy)
- يَوْمِيَّة (yawmiyya)
- يَوْمَئِذٍ (yawmaʔiḏin)
- يَوْمَذَاكَ (yawmaḏāka)
- يَوْمٌ لَكَ وَيَوْمٌ عَلَيْكَ (yawmun laka wayawmun ʕalayka, proverb)
Descendants
- Egyptian Arabic: يوم (yōm)
- Gulf Arabic: يوم (yōm)
- Hijazi Arabic: يوم (yōm)
- Maltese: jum
- Moroccan Arabic: يوم (yūm)
- → Ottoman Turkish: یوم (yevm)
- Turkish: yevm
- → Persian: یوم (youm)
- → Urdu: یوم (yaum)
Conjunction
يَوْمَ • (yawma)
- at the day when
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 79:46:
- كَأَنَّهُمْ يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَهَا لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا عَشِيَّةً أَوْ ضُحَاهَا
- kaʔannahum yawma yarawnahā lam yalbaṯū ʔillā ʕašiyyatan ʔaw ḍuḥāhā
- It will be, on the Day they see it, as though they had not remained except for an afternoon or a morning thereof.
-
Related terms
- يَاوَمَ (yāwama)
See also
- نَهَار (nahār)
- لَيْل (layl)
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “يوم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Egyptian Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Noun
يوم • (yūm) m (dual يومين (yūmēn), plural أيام (ayyām) or تيام (paucal) (tiyām))
- day
Coordinate terms
- ليلة (līla, “night”)
- نهار (nahār, “daytime”)
- ليل (līl, “nighttime”)
Gulf Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- (Kuwaiti Gulf Arabic) IPA(key): /joːm/
Noun
يوم • (yōm) m (dual يومين (yōmēn), plural ايام (ayyām))
- day
- ما بتروحون معرض يوم البحار؟
- Are you not going to the Sailor Day fair?
- اليوم مو يومي ― il-yōm mū yōmi ― Today is not my day
- (usually in the plural) time, era, age
- ايام الغزو
- the time of the invasion
- ايام الشاه
- the Shah era
Derived terms
- اليوم (il-yōm, “today”)
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /joːm/, [jo̞ːm]
Noun
يوم • (yōm) m (plural أيَّام (ʼyyām))
- day
Malay
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jaom]
- Rhymes: -aom, -om
Noun
يوم (Rumi spelling yaum, plural يوم-يوم or يوم۲, informal 1st possessive يومکو, 2nd possessive يوممو, 3rd possessive يومڽ)
- day (period of 24 hours)
- day (period from midnight to the following midnight)
- day (rotational period of a planet)
- day (part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.)
Synonyms
- هاري (hari)
Moroccan Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /juːm/
Audio (file)
Noun
يوم • (yūm) m (dual يومين (yūmayn), plural إيام (ʔiyyām) or إيامات (ʔiyyāmāt))
- day
- Synonym: نهار (nhār)
- Antonym: ليل (līl)
- (usually in the plural) time, era, age
Derived terms
- اليوم (el-yūma, “today”)
North Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /joːm/
Noun
يوم • (yōm) m or f (plural ايام (ʾiyyām))
- day
Usage notes
- Despite appearing masculine, the word is often feminine when definite. For example, it can be used with a feminine determiner like هديك اليوم (hadīk l-yōm, “that day”) instead of a masculine one like هيداك اليوم (haydāk l-yom, “that day”), and it can appear as يومتـ (yawmit-, yōmit-) in the construct state.
Pashto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jum/
Noun
يوم • (yûm) m
- spade
Declension
declension of يوم
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct | يوم (yûm) | يومونه (yûmuna) | |
| oblique | يوم (yûm) | يومونو (yûmuno) | |
| vocative | يومه (yûma) | يومونو (yûmuno) |
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic يَوْم (yawm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /joːm/, [joːm]
Audio (Amman) (file)
Noun
يوم • (yōm) m (plural أيّام (ʔayyām))
- day
- Antonym: ليلة (lēle)
Derived terms
- اليوم (il-yōm, “today”)
See also
- نهار (nhār, “daytime”)
- ليل (lēl, “nighttime”)
- (units of time) وحدات الوقت (waḥdāt il-waʔt); سنة (sane, “year”), شهر (šahr, “month”), أسبوع (ʔusbūʕ, “week”), يوم (yōm, “day”), ساعة (sāʕa, “hour”), دقيقة (daʔīʔa, “minute”), ثانية (ṯānye, “second”), لحظة (laḥẓa, “moment”)