هوشیار

هوشیار

Persian

Alternative forms

• هشیار‎ (hošyâr)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱𐭣𐭠𐭫‎ (ōšyār, “conscious”), a pre-Middle Persian compound equivalent to Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱‎ (ōš, “consciousness, intellect”) + 𐭣𐭠𐭫 (dār, “having”), with a phonetic shift *ušiy-dar > *ušiy-yar > *ušiyar > ōšyār.

The first component is from Old Persian [script needed] (ušiy, “consciousness, intelligence”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (compare Northern Kurdish hiş), while the second component is from Middle Persian, from Old Persian, from Proto-Iranian *dar-,[1] from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰar- (to hold, carry; to bear, support), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /hoːʃjɑːɾ/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /hoːʃjɑːɾ/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /huːʃjɒːɾ/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /hɵʃjɔɾ/

Noun

Dari	هوشیار
Iranian Persian
Tajik

هوشیار • (hôšyâr)

1. aware, alert
2. intelligent
3. awake, conscious
4. clever, cunning
5. sober

Related terms

• باهوش‎ (bâ-hôš)
• بی‌هوش‎ (bê-hôš)
• هشیاری‎ (hošyâri)
• بهوش‎ (behôš)
• مدهوش‎ (madhôš)
• هوشمند‎ (hôšmand)

Proper noun

هوشیار • (hôšyâr)

1. Hushyar, a male given name.

References

1. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN