هرگز

هرگز

Persian

Etymology

Through the common Modern Persian metathesis of Middle Persian 𐭧𐭪𐭫𐭰‎ (ḥklc /hagriz/, “ever, never”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎣𐎼𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹 (hakara-mciy, “once”), from earlier [script needed] (*ha-k(a)r), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-kr̥t (“one time”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /haɾˈɡiz/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /haɾˈɡɪz/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /hæɾˈɡez/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /haɾˈɡiz/

Adverb

هَرگِز • (hargez)

Dari	هرگز
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ҳаргиз (hargiz)

1. (in positive constructions) ever

   Synonym: هیچ‌وقت‎ (hičvaqt)

   ‏آیا هرگز به پاریس رفته‌اید؟‎‎ (more literary)

   âyâ hargez be pâris rafte-id?

   Have you ever gone to Paris?

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, Reynold A. Nicholson, transl., مثنوی معنوی‎ [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 422:

     ‏بانگ سگ هرگز رسد در گوش ماه
     خاصه ماهی کاو بود خاص اله‎

     bâng-e sag hargez resad dar guš-e mâh
     xâsse mâhi k-u bud xâss-e elâh

     Does the dog's bark ever reach the moon's ear, especially that Moon who is the chosen of God?

2. (in negative constructions) ever; never

   Synonym: هیچ‌وقت‎ (hičvaqt)

   ‏او هرگز سفر نکرده است.‎‎ (more literary)

   u hargez safar na-karde-ast.

   ‏اون هرگز سفر نکرده.‎‎ (more colloquial)

   un hargez safar na-karde.

   He has never travelled.

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, Reynold A. Nicholson, transl., مثنوی معنوی‎ [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 826:

     ‏هرگز ای آتش تو صابر نیستی
     چون نسوزی چیست قادر نیستی‌‌‎

     hargez ey âtaš to sâber nisti
     čon na-suzi či-st qâder nisti

     Never, o fire, art thou patient: how burnest thou not? What is it? Hast thou not the power?

   • 1500s, ʿUrfī Shīrāzī, “Ghazal 28”, in دیوان‎ [Divān]:

     ‏زخم ها برداشتیم و فتح ها کردیم، لیک
     هرگز از خون کسی رنگین نشد میدان ما‎‎

     zaxm-hâ bardâštim o fath-hâ kardim, lik
     hargez az xun-e kasi rangin na-šod meydân-e mâ

     We suffered wounds, we scored victories, but our fields were never stained by anybody's blood.

3. perpetually (with negative meaning)

Descendants

• → Bengali: হরগিজ (hôrôgij), হরগেজ (hôrôgej)
• → Central Kurdish: ھەرگیز‎‎ (hergîz‎)
• → Gujarati: હરગિજ (hargij)
• → Hindustani: hargiz

  Hindi: हरगिज़

  Urdu: ہَرْگِز‎

• → Maithili: hargij

  Devanagari: हरगिज

  Tirhuta: 𑒯𑒩𑒑𑒱𑒖

• → Marwari: हरगिज (hargij)
• → Punjabi: hargiz

  Gurmukhi: ਹਰਗਿਜ਼

  Shahmukhi: ہَرْگِز‎

• → Sindhi: هَرِگِزِ‎
• → Uyghur: ھەرگىز‎ (hergiz)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “هرگز”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul