نفس

نفس

See also: نقس‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ن ف س‎ (n-f-s).

Verb

نَفُسَ • (nafusa) I, non-past يَنْفُسُ‎‎ (yanfusu)

1. to be priceless, to be precious, to be valuable

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَفُسَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns نَفَس or نِفَاس or نَفَاسَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						نَفَس or نِفَاس‎ or نَفَاسَة‎ nafas or nifās or nafāsa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						نَافِس‎ nāfis
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفُسْتُ‎ nafustu	نَفُسْتَ‎ nafusta	نَفُسَ nafusa		نَفُسْتُمَا‎ nafustumā	نَفُسَا‎ nafusā		نَفُسْنَا‎ nafusnā	نَفُسْتُمْ‎ nafustum	نَفُسُوا‎ nafusū
	f		نَفُسْتِ‎ nafusti	نَفُسَتْ‎ nafusat			نَفُسَتَا‎ nafusatā			نَفُسْتُنَّ‎ nafustunna	نَفُسْنَ‎ nafusna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفُسُ‎ ʾanfusu	تَنْفُسُ‎ tanfusu	يَنْفُسُ‎ yanfusu		تَنْفُسَانِ‎ tanfusāni	يَنْفُسَانِ‎ yanfusāni		نَنْفُسُ‎ nanfusu	تَنْفُسُونَ‎ tanfusūna	يَنْفُسُونَ‎ yanfusūna
	f		تَنْفُسِينَ‎ tanfusīna	تَنْفُسُ‎ tanfusu			تَنْفُسَانِ‎ tanfusāni			تَنْفُسْنَ‎ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ‎ yanfusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفُسَ‎ ʾanfusa	تَنْفُسَ‎ tanfusa	يَنْفُسَ‎ yanfusa		تَنْفُسَا‎ tanfusā	يَنْفُسَا‎ yanfusā		نَنْفُسَ‎ nanfusa	تَنْفُسُوا‎ tanfusū	يَنْفُسُوا‎ yanfusū
	f		تَنْفُسِي‎ tanfusī	تَنْفُسَ‎ tanfusa			تَنْفُسَا‎ tanfusā			تَنْفُسْنَ‎ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ‎ yanfusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفُسْ‎ ʾanfus	تَنْفُسْ‎ tanfus	يَنْفُسْ‎ yanfus		تَنْفُسَا‎ tanfusā	يَنْفُسَا‎ yanfusā		نَنْفُسْ‎ nanfus	تَنْفُسُوا‎ tanfusū	يَنْفُسُوا‎ yanfusū
	f		تَنْفُسِي‎ tanfusī	تَنْفُسْ‎ tanfus			تَنْفُسَا‎ tanfusā			تَنْفُسْنَ‎ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ‎ yanfusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُنْفُسْ‎ unfus			اُنْفُسَا‎ unfusā				اُنْفُسُوا‎ unfusū
	f		اُنْفُسِي‎ unfusī							اُنْفُسْنَ‎ unfusna

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎‎ (yanfasu)

1. to be niggardly, to be stingy, to be sparing

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَفِسَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun نَفَس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						نَفَس nafas
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						نَافِس‎ nāfis
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ‎ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ‎ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa		نَفِسْتُمَا‎ nafistumā	نَفِسَا‎ nafisā		نَفِسْنَا‎ nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ‎ nafistum	نَفِسُوا‎ nafisū
	f		نَفِسْتِ‎ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ‎ nafisat			نَفِسَتَا‎ nafisatā			نَفِسْتُنَّ‎ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ‎ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ‎ ʾanfasu	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ‎ yanfasu		تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ‎ yanfasāni		نَنْفَسُ‎ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ‎ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ‎ yanfasūna
	f		تَنْفَسِينَ‎ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu			تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ‎ ʾanfasa	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ‎ yanfasa		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسَ‎ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ‎ ʾanfas	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ‎ yanfas		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسْ‎ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ‎ infas			اِنْفَسَا‎ infasā				اِنْفَسُوا‎ infasū
	f		اِنْفَسِي‎ infasī							اِنْفَسْنَ‎ infasna

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎‎ (yanfasu)

1. to envy, to begrudge

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَفِسَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun نَفَاسَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						نَفَاسَة‎ nafāsa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						نَافِس‎ nāfis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَنْفُوس‎ manfūs
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ‎ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ‎ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa		نَفِسْتُمَا‎ nafistumā	نَفِسَا‎ nafisā		نَفِسْنَا‎ nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ‎ nafistum	نَفِسُوا‎ nafisū
	f		نَفِسْتِ‎ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ‎ nafisat			نَفِسَتَا‎ nafisatā			نَفِسْتُنَّ‎ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ‎ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ‎ ʾanfasu	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ‎ yanfasu		تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ‎ yanfasāni		نَنْفَسُ‎ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ‎ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ‎ yanfasūna
	f		تَنْفَسِينَ‎ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu			تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ‎ ʾanfasa	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ‎ yanfasa		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسَ‎ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ‎ ʾanfas	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ‎ yanfas		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسْ‎ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ‎ infas			اِنْفَسَا‎ infasā				اِنْفَسُوا‎ infasū
	f		اِنْفَسِي‎ infasī							اِنْفَسْنَ‎ infasna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِسْتُ‎ nufistu	نُفِسْتَ‎ nufista	نُفِسَ nufisa		نُفِسْتُمَا‎ nufistumā	نُفِسَا‎ nufisā		نُفِسْنَا‎ nufisnā	نُفِسْتُمْ‎ nufistum	نُفِسُوا‎ nufisū
	f		نُفِسْتِ‎ nufisti	نُفِسَتْ‎ nufisat			نُفِسَتَا‎ nufisatā			نُفِسْتُنَّ‎ nufistunna	نُفِسْنَ‎ nufisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنْفَسُ‎ ʾunfasu	تُنْفَسُ‎ tunfasu	يُنْفَسُ‎ yunfasu		تُنْفَسَانِ‎ tunfasāni	يُنْفَسَانِ‎ yunfasāni		نُنْفَسُ‎ nunfasu	تُنْفَسُونَ‎ tunfasūna	يُنْفَسُونَ‎ yunfasūna
	f		تُنْفَسِينَ‎ tunfasīna	تُنْفَسُ‎ tunfasu			تُنْفَسَانِ‎ tunfasāni			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنْفَسَ‎ ʾunfasa	تُنْفَسَ‎ tunfasa	يُنْفَسَ‎ yunfasa		تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا‎ yunfasā		نُنْفَسَ‎ nunfasa	تُنْفَسُوا‎ tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا‎ yunfasū
	f		تُنْفَسِي‎ tunfasī	تُنْفَسَ‎ tunfasa			تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنْفَسْ‎ ʾunfas	تُنْفَسْ‎ tunfas	يُنْفَسْ‎ yunfas		تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا‎ yunfasā		نُنْفَسْ‎ nunfas	تُنْفَسُوا‎ tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا‎ yunfasū
	f		تُنْفَسِي‎ tunfasī	تُنْفَسْ‎ tunfas			تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎‎ (yanfasu)
نُفِسَ • (nufisa) I, non-past يُنْفَسُ‎‎ (yunfasu) (passive)

1. to be in childbed

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَفِسَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun نِفَاس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						نِفَاس‎ nifās
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						نَافِس‎ nāfis
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ‎ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ‎ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa		نَفِسْتُمَا‎ nafistumā	نَفِسَا‎ nafisā		نَفِسْنَا‎ nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ‎ nafistum	نَفِسُوا‎ nafisū
	f		نَفِسْتِ‎ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ‎ nafisat			نَفِسَتَا‎ nafisatā			نَفِسْتُنَّ‎ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ‎ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ‎ ʾanfasu	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ‎ yanfasu		تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ‎ yanfasāni		نَنْفَسُ‎ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ‎ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ‎ yanfasūna
	f		تَنْفَسِينَ‎ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ‎ tanfasu			تَنْفَسَانِ‎ tanfasāni			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ‎ ʾanfasa	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ‎ yanfasa		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسَ‎ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ‎ tanfasa			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ‎ ʾanfas	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ‎ yanfas		تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا‎ yanfasā		نَنْفَسْ‎ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا‎ tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا‎ yanfasū
	f		تَنْفَسِي‎ tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ‎ tanfas			تَنْفَسَا‎ tanfasā			تَنْفَسْنَ‎ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ‎ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ‎ infas			اِنْفَسَا‎ infasā				اِنْفَسُوا‎ infasū
	f		اِنْفَسِي‎ infasī							اِنْفَسْنَ‎ infasna

Conjugation of

نُفِسَ

(form-I sound passive, verbal noun نِفَاس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						نِفَاس‎ nifās
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَنْفُوس‎ manfūs
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِسْتُ‎ nufistu	نُفِسْتَ‎ nufista	نُفِسَ nufisa		نُفِسْتُمَا‎ nufistumā	نُفِسَا‎ nufisā		نُفِسْنَا‎ nufisnā	نُفِسْتُمْ‎ nufistum	نُفِسُوا‎ nufisū
	f		نُفِسْتِ‎ nufisti	نُفِسَتْ‎ nufisat			نُفِسَتَا‎ nufisatā			نُفِسْتُنَّ‎ nufistunna	نُفِسْنَ‎ nufisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنْفَسُ‎ ʾunfasu	تُنْفَسُ‎ tunfasu	يُنْفَسُ‎ yunfasu		تُنْفَسَانِ‎ tunfasāni	يُنْفَسَانِ‎ yunfasāni		نُنْفَسُ‎ nunfasu	تُنْفَسُونَ‎ tunfasūna	يُنْفَسُونَ‎ yunfasūna
	f		تُنْفَسِينَ‎ tunfasīna	تُنْفَسُ‎ tunfasu			تُنْفَسَانِ‎ tunfasāni			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنْفَسَ‎ ʾunfasa	تُنْفَسَ‎ tunfasa	يُنْفَسَ‎ yunfasa		تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا‎ yunfasā		نُنْفَسَ‎ nunfasa	تُنْفَسُوا‎ tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا‎ yunfasū
	f		تُنْفَسِي‎ tunfasī	تُنْفَسَ‎ tunfasa			تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنْفَسْ‎ ʾunfas	تُنْفَسْ‎ tunfas	يُنْفَسْ‎ yunfas		تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا‎ yunfasā		نُنْفَسْ‎ nunfas	تُنْفَسُوا‎ tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا‎ yunfasū
	f		تُنْفَسِي‎ tunfasī	تُنْفَسْ‎ tunfas			تُنْفَسَا‎ tunfasā			تُنْفَسْنَ‎ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ‎ yunfasna

Verb

نَفَّسَ • (naffasa) II, non-past يُنَفِّسُ‎‎ (yunaffisu)

1. to comfort, to cheer up, to reassure, to appease
2. to relieve, to dispel, to banish
3. to air, to vent
4. to uncover, to reveal, to voice
5. to cease, to desist
6. to let out air
7. to be in childbed

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَفَّسَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَنْفِيس‎ tanfīs
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُنَفِّس‎ munaffis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُنَفَّس‎ munaffas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفَّسْتُ‎ naffastu	نَفَّسْتَ‎ naffasta	نَفَّسَ naffasa		نَفَّسْتُمَا‎ naffastumā	نَفَّسَا‎ naffasā		نَفَّسْنَا‎ naffasnā	نَفَّسْتُمْ‎ naffastum	نَفَّسُوا‎ naffasū
	f		نَفَّسْتِ‎ naffasti	نَفَّسَتْ‎ naffasat			نَفَّسَتَا‎ naffasatā			نَفَّسْتُنَّ‎ naffastunna	نَفَّسْنَ‎ naffasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَفِّسُ‎ ʾunaffisu	تُنَفِّسُ‎ tunaffisu	يُنَفِّسُ‎ yunaffisu		تُنَفِّسَانِ‎ tunaffisāni	يُنَفِّسَانِ‎ yunaffisāni		نُنَفِّسُ‎ nunaffisu	تُنَفِّسُونَ‎ tunaffisūna	يُنَفِّسُونَ‎ yunaffisūna
	f		تُنَفِّسِينَ‎ tunaffisīna	تُنَفِّسُ‎ tunaffisu			تُنَفِّسَانِ‎ tunaffisāni			تُنَفِّسْنَ‎ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ‎ yunaffisna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَفِّسَ‎ ʾunaffisa	تُنَفِّسَ‎ tunaffisa	يُنَفِّسَ‎ yunaffisa		تُنَفِّسَا‎ tunaffisā	يُنَفِّسَا‎ yunaffisā		نُنَفِّسَ‎ nunaffisa	تُنَفِّسُوا‎ tunaffisū	يُنَفِّسُوا‎ yunaffisū
	f		تُنَفِّسِي‎ tunaffisī	تُنَفِّسَ‎ tunaffisa			تُنَفِّسَا‎ tunaffisā			تُنَفِّسْنَ‎ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ‎ yunaffisna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَفِّسْ‎ ʾunaffis	تُنَفِّسْ‎ tunaffis	يُنَفِّسْ‎ yunaffis		تُنَفِّسَا‎ tunaffisā	يُنَفِّسَا‎ yunaffisā		نُنَفِّسْ‎ nunaffis	تُنَفِّسُوا‎ tunaffisū	يُنَفِّسُوا‎ yunaffisū
	f		تُنَفِّسِي‎ tunaffisī	تُنَفِّسْ‎ tunaffis			تُنَفِّسَا‎ tunaffisā			تُنَفِّسْنَ‎ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ‎ yunaffisna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		نَفِّسْ naffis			نَفِّسَا‎ naffisā				نَفِّسُوا‎ naffisū
	f		نَفِّسِي‎ naffisī							نَفِّسْنَ‎ naffisna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِّسْتُ‎ nuffistu	نُفِّسْتَ‎ nuffista	نُفِّسَ nuffisa		نُفِّسْتُمَا‎ nuffistumā	نُفِّسَا‎ nuffisā		نُفِّسْنَا‎ nuffisnā	نُفِّسْتُمْ‎ nuffistum	نُفِّسُوا‎ nuffisū
	f		نُفِّسْتِ‎ nuffisti	نُفِّسَتْ‎ nuffisat			نُفِّسَتَا‎ nuffisatā			نُفِّسْتُنَّ‎ nuffistunna	نُفِّسْنَ‎ nuffisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَفَّسُ‎ ʾunaffasu	تُنَفَّسُ‎ tunaffasu	يُنَفَّسُ‎ yunaffasu		تُنَفَّسَانِ‎ tunaffasāni	يُنَفَّسَانِ‎ yunaffasāni		نُنَفَّسُ‎ nunaffasu	تُنَفَّسُونَ‎ tunaffasūna	يُنَفَّسُونَ‎ yunaffasūna
	f		تُنَفَّسِينَ‎ tunaffasīna	تُنَفَّسُ‎ tunaffasu			تُنَفَّسَانِ‎ tunaffasāni			تُنَفَّسْنَ‎ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ‎ yunaffasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَفَّسَ‎ ʾunaffasa	تُنَفَّسَ‎ tunaffasa	يُنَفَّسَ‎ yunaffasa		تُنَفَّسَا‎ tunaffasā	يُنَفَّسَا‎ yunaffasā		نُنَفَّسَ‎ nunaffasa	تُنَفَّسُوا‎ tunaffasū	يُنَفَّسُوا‎ yunaffasū
	f		تُنَفَّسِي‎ tunaffasī	تُنَفَّسَ‎ tunaffasa			تُنَفَّسَا‎ tunaffasā			تُنَفَّسْنَ‎ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ‎ yunaffasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَفَّسْ‎ ʾunaffas	تُنَفَّسْ‎ tunaffas	يُنَفَّسْ‎ yunaffas		تُنَفَّسَا‎ tunaffasā	يُنَفَّسَا‎ yunaffasā		نُنَفَّسْ‎ nunaffas	تُنَفَّسُوا‎ tunaffasū	يُنَفَّسُوا‎ yunaffasū
	f		تُنَفَّسِي‎ tunaffasī	تُنَفَّسْ‎ tunaffas			تُنَفَّسَا‎ tunaffasā			تُنَفَّسْنَ‎ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ‎ yunaffasna

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic *napš-.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /nafs/

Noun

نَفْس • (nafs) f (plural نُفُوس‎ (nufūs) or أَنْفُس‎ (ʾanfus))

1. self
   1. (plural أَنْفُس‎ (ʾanfus)) in idafa with an enclitic pronoun attached to it

      ‏نَفْسُهُ‎ ― nafsuhu ― himself

      1. (plural أَنْفُس‎ (ʾanfus)) as reflexive

         ‏قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ‎ ― qatala nafsahu ― He killed himself. [reflexive]

         ‏رَأَيْتُ نَفْسِي فِي ٱلْمِرْآةِ‎ ― raʾaytu nafsī fī l-mirʾāti ― I saw myself in the mirror.

      2. (plural أَنْفُس‎ (ʾanfus)) as emphatic

         ‏جَاءَنِي هُوَ نَفْسُهُ.‎‎

         jāʾanī huwa nafsuhu.

         He came to me himself or in person.

         • a. 1360, Ibn Hishām Al-Ansāriyy, Sharh Qatr Al-Nadā Wa-Ball Al-Sadā:

           ‏وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ ٱلْعَرَبِ: «اِتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ فَعَلَ خَيْرًا يُثَبْ عَلَيْهِ» بِٱلْجَزْمِ، فَوَجْهُهُ أَنَّ «ٱتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ» وَ«فَعَلَ خَيْرًا» وَإِنْ كَانَا فِعْلَيْنِ مَاضِيَيْنِ ظَاهِرُهُمَا ٱلْخَبَرُ، إِلَّا أَنَّ ٱلْمُرَادَ بِهِمَا ٱلطَّلَبُ، وَٱلْمَعْنَى: لِيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ وَلْيَفْعَلْ خَيْرًا، وَكَذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ تِجَـٰرَةࣲ تُنجِیكُم مِّنۡ عَذَابٍ أَلِیمࣲ ۝١٠ تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَ ٰ⁠لِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡۚ ذَ ٰ⁠لِكُمۡ خَیۡرࣱ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ۝١١ یَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ﴾ فَجَزْمُ يَغْفِرْ لِأَنَّهُ جَوَابٌ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ﴾ لِكَوْنِهِ فِي مَعْنَى «آمِنُوا وَجَاهِدُوا»، وَلَيْسَ جَوَابًا لِلِٱسْتِفْهَامِ، لِأَنَّ غُفْرَانَ ٱلذُّنُوبِ لَا يَتَسَبَّبُ عَنْ نَفْسِ ٱلدَّلَالَةِ، بَلْ عَنِ ٱلْإِيمَانِ وَٱلْجِهَادِ.‎‎

           waʾammā qawlu l-ʿarabi: “ittaqā l-laha mruʾun faʿala ḵayran yuṯab ʿalayhi” bi-l-jazmi, fawajhuhu ʾanna “ttaqā l-laha” wa“faʿala ḵayran” waʾin kānā fiʿlayni māḍiyayni ẓāhiruhumā l-ḵabaru, ʾillā ʾanna l-murāda bihimā ṭ-ṭalabu, wal-maʿnā: liyattaqi l-laha mruʾun walyafʿal ḵayran, wakaḏālika qawluhu taʿālā: “yā ʾayyuhā llaḏīna ʾāmanū hal ʾadullukum ʿalā tijāratin tunjīkum min ʿaḏābin ʾalīmin? tuʾminūna bi-l-lāhi warasūlihī watujāhidūna fī sabīli l-lahi biʾamwālikum waʾanfusikum; ḏālikum ḵayrun lakum ʾin kuntum taʿlamūna, yaḡfir lakum” fajazmu yaḡfir liʾannahu jawābun liqawlihi taʿālā: “tuʾminūna bi-l-lahi warasūlihī watujāhidūna” likawnihi fī maʿnā “ʾāminū wajāhidū”, walaysa jawāban lilistifhāmi, liʾanna ḡufrāna ḏ-ḏunūbi lā yatasabbabu ʿan nafsi d-dalālati, bal ʿani l-ʾīmāni wal-jihādi.

           (please add an English translation of this quote)

2. same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun in the genitive, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it

   ‏نَفْسُ ٱلشَّيْءِ‎ ― nafsu š-šayʾi ― the same thing

   ‏فِي نَفْسِ ٱلْيَوْمِ، فِي ٱلْيَوْمِ نَفْسِهِ‎

   fī nafsi l-yawmi, fī l-yawmi nafsihi

   on the same day

3. consciousness
4. psyche, mind
5. spirit, soul
6. life, breath
7. essence, nature
8. inclination, appetite, proclivity
9. personal identity

Inflection

Inflected forms
Base form					نَفْسُ (nafsu)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Dual	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Common	Masculine	Feminine
First person	نَفْسِي‎ (nafsī)			أَنْفُسُنَا‎ (ʾanfusunā)
Second person	نَفْسُكَ‎ (nafsuka)	نَفْسُكِ‎ (nafsuki)	أَنْفُسُكُمَا‎ (ʾanfusukumā)	أَنْفُسُكُمْ‎ (ʾanfusukum)	أَنْفُسُكُنَّ‎ (ʾanfusukunna)
Third person	نَفْسُهُ‎ (nafsuhu)	نَفْسُهَا‎ (nafsuhā)	أَنْفُسُهُمَا‎ (ʾanfusuhumā)	أَنْفُسُهُمْ‎ (ʾanfusuhum)	أَنْفُسُهُنَّ‎ (ʾanfusuhunna)

Inflected forms
Base form					نَفْسَ (nafsa)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Dual	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Common	Masculine	Feminine
First person	نَفْسِي‎ (nafsī)			أَنْفُسَنَا‎ (ʾanfusanā)
Second person	نَفْسَكَ‎ (nafsaka)	نَفْسَكِ‎ (nafsaki)	أَنْفُسَكُمَا‎ (ʾanfusakumā)	أَنْفُسَكُمْ‎ (ʾanfusakum)	أَنْفُسَكُنَّ‎ (ʾanfusakunna)
Third person	نَفْسَهُ‎ (nafsahu)	نَفْسَهَا‎ (nafsahā)	أَنْفُسَهُمَا‎ (ʾanfusahumā)	أَنْفُسَهُمْ‎ (ʾanfusahum)	أَنْفُسَهُنَّ‎ (ʾanfusahunna)

Inflected forms
Base form					نَفْسِ (nafsi)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Dual	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Common	Masculine	Feminine
First person	نَفْسِي‎ (nafsī)			أَنْفُسِنَا‎ (ʾanfusinā)
Second person	نَفْسِكَ‎ (nafsika)	نَفْسِكِ‎ (nafsiki)	أَنْفُسِكُمَا‎ (ʾanfusikumā)	أَنْفُسِكُمْ‎ (ʾanfusikum)	أَنْفُسِكُنَّ‎ (ʾanfusikunna)
Third person	نَفْسِهِ‎ (nafsihi)	نَفْسِهَا‎ (nafsihā)	أَنْفُسِهِمَا‎ (ʾanfusihimā)	أَنْفُسِهِمْ‎ (ʾanfusihim)	أَنْفُسِهِنَّ‎ (ʾanfusihinna)

Declension

Declension of noun نَفْس (nafs)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفْس nafs	النَّفْس‎ an-nafs	نَفْس nafs
Nominative	نَفْسٌ nafsun	النَّفْسُ‎ an-nafsu	نَفْسُ nafsu
Accusative	نَفْسًا‎ nafsan	النَّفْسَ‎ an-nafsa	نَفْسَ nafsa
Genitive	نَفْسٍ nafsin	النَّفْسِ‎ an-nafsi	نَفْسِ nafsi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفْسَيْن‎ nafsayn	النَّفْسَيْن‎ an-nafsayn	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Nominative	نَفْسَانِ‎ nafsāni	النَّفْسَانِ‎ an-nafsāni	نَفْسَا‎ nafsā
Accusative	نَفْسَيْنِ‎ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ‎ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Genitive	نَفْسَيْنِ‎ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ‎ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُفُوس‎‎; أَنْفُس‎ nufūs‎; ʾanfus	النُّفُوس‎‎; الْأَنْفُس‎ an-nufūs‎; al-ʾanfus	نُفُوس‎‎; أَنْفُس‎ nufūs‎; ʾanfus
Nominative	نُفُوسٌ‎‎; أَنْفُسٌ‎ nufūsun‎; ʾanfusun	النُّفُوسُ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسُ‎ an-nufūsu‎; al-ʾanfusu	نُفُوسُ‎‎; أَنْفُسُ‎ nufūsu‎; ʾanfusu
Accusative	نُفُوسًا‎‎; أَنْفُسًا‎ nufūsan‎; ʾanfusan	النُّفُوسَ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسَ‎ an-nufūsa‎; al-ʾanfusa	نُفُوسَ‎‎; أَنْفُسَ‎ nufūsa‎; ʾanfusa
Genitive	نُفُوسٍ‎‎; أَنْفُسٍ‎ nufūsin‎; ʾanfusin	النُّفُوسِ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسِ‎ an-nufūsi‎; al-ʾanfusi	نُفُوسِ‎‎; أَنْفُسِ‎ nufūsi‎; ʾanfusi

Synonyms

• (emphatic): عَيْن‎ (ʿayn)

Derived terms

• بِنَفْسِهِ‎ (binafsihi, “himself, in person, personally”)
• مِنْ نَفْسِهِ‎ (min nafsihi, “of his own accord”)
• نَفْسِيّ‎ (nafsiyy)
  • نَفْسِيَّة‎ (nafsiyya)
• عِلْمُ ٱلنَّفْسِ‎ (ʿilmu n-nafsi, “psychology”)
• صَغِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ‎ (ṣaḡīru n-nafsi, “base-minded, low-minded”, literally “small of mind”)
• كَبِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ‎ (kabīru n-nafsi, “high-minded, proud”, literally “big of mind”)

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /nafs/

Noun

نَفْس • (nafs) m (plural نُفُوس‎ (nufūs) or أَنْفُس‎ (ʾanfus))

1. living creature, living being, human being, person

Declension

Declension of noun نَفْس (nafs)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفْس nafs	النَّفْس‎ an-nafs	نَفْس nafs
Nominative	نَفْسٌ nafsun	النَّفْسُ‎ an-nafsu	نَفْسُ nafsu
Accusative	نَفْسًا‎ nafsan	النَّفْسَ‎ an-nafsa	نَفْسَ nafsa
Genitive	نَفْسٍ nafsin	النَّفْسِ‎ an-nafsi	نَفْسِ nafsi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفْسَيْن‎ nafsayn	النَّفْسَيْن‎ an-nafsayn	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Nominative	نَفْسَانِ‎ nafsāni	النَّفْسَانِ‎ an-nafsāni	نَفْسَا‎ nafsā
Accusative	نَفْسَيْنِ‎ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ‎ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Genitive	نَفْسَيْنِ‎ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ‎ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ‎ nafsay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُفُوس‎‎; أَنْفُس‎ nufūs‎; ʾanfus	النُّفُوس‎‎; الْأَنْفُس‎ an-nufūs‎; al-ʾanfus	نُفُوس‎‎; أَنْفُس‎ nufūs‎; ʾanfus
Nominative	نُفُوسٌ‎‎; أَنْفُسٌ‎ nufūsun‎; ʾanfusun	النُّفُوسُ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسُ‎ an-nufūsu‎; al-ʾanfusu	نُفُوسُ‎‎; أَنْفُسُ‎ nufūsu‎; ʾanfusu
Accusative	نُفُوسًا‎‎; أَنْفُسًا‎ nufūsan‎; ʾanfusan	النُّفُوسَ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسَ‎ an-nufūsa‎; al-ʾanfusa	نُفُوسَ‎‎; أَنْفُسَ‎ nufūsa‎; ʾanfusa
Genitive	نُفُوسٍ‎‎; أَنْفُسٍ‎ nufūsin‎; ʾanfusin	النُّفُوسِ‎‎; الْأَنْفُسِ‎ an-nufūsi‎; al-ʾanfusi	نُفُوسِ‎‎; أَنْفُسِ‎ nufūsi‎; ʾanfusi

Pronunciation 3

• IPA^(key): /na.fas/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

نَفَس • (nafas) m (plural أَنْفَاس‎ (ʾanfās))

1. verbal noun of نَفِسَ (nafisa) (form I)
2. verbal noun of نَفُسَ (nafusa) (form I)
3. breath
4. puff, draw (of smoke)
5. gulp, draught
6. freedom, liberty, convenience, discretion

Declension

Declension of noun نَفَس (nafas)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفَس nafas	النَّفَس‎ an-nafas	نَفَس nafas
Nominative	نَفَسٌ nafasun	النَّفَسُ‎ an-nafasu	نَفَسُ nafasu
Accusative	نَفَسًا‎ nafasan	النَّفَسَ‎ an-nafasa	نَفَسَ nafasa
Genitive	نَفَسٍ nafasin	النَّفَسِ‎ an-nafasi	نَفَسِ nafasi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَفَسَيْن‎ nafasayn	النَّفَسَيْن‎ an-nafasayn	نَفَسَيْ‎ nafasay
Nominative	نَفَسَانِ‎ nafasāni	النَّفَسَانِ‎ an-nafasāni	نَفَسَا‎ nafasā
Accusative	نَفَسَيْنِ‎ nafasayni	النَّفَسَيْنِ‎ an-nafasayni	نَفَسَيْ‎ nafasay
Genitive	نَفَسَيْنِ‎ nafasayni	النَّفَسَيْنِ‎ an-nafasayni	نَفَسَيْ‎ nafasay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَنْفَاس‎ ʾanfās	الْأَنْفَاس‎ al-ʾanfās	أَنْفَاس‎ ʾanfās
Nominative	أَنْفَاسٌ‎ ʾanfāsun	الْأَنْفَاسُ‎ al-ʾanfāsu	أَنْفَاسُ‎ ʾanfāsu
Accusative	أَنْفَاسًا‎ ʾanfāsan	الْأَنْفَاسَ‎ al-ʾanfāsa	أَنْفَاسَ‎ ʾanfāsa
Genitive	أَنْفَاسٍ‎ ʾanfāsin	الْأَنْفَاسِ‎ al-ʾanfāsi	أَنْفَاسِ‎ ʾanfāsi

Descendants

• Maltese: nifs
• → Azerbaijani: nəfəs
• → Armenian: նաֆաս (nafas), նաֆս (nafs)
• → Baluchi: نپس‎ (napas)
• → Malay: nafas
  • Indonesian: napas
    • → Amahai: napas
  • → Tausug: napas
• → Persian: نفس‎ (nafas)
• → Swahili: nafasi
• → Turkish: nefes
• → Uzbek: nafas

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “نفس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 700–701
• Freytag, Georg (1837), “نفس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 313
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 1155–1556

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Moroccan Arabic

Root
ن ف س‎
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفَّسَ‎ (naffasa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naf.fas/

Verb

نفس • (naffas) (form II, non-past ينفس‎ (ynaffas))

1. to vent, to air
2. to let out air
3. to fart on (someone)

   ‏نفستينا يا صاحبي!‎‎

   naffastīna ya sāḥbi

   You farted on us, dude!

Conjugation

Conjugation of نفس
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	نفّست‎ (naffast)	نفّستي‎ (naffasti)	نفّس (naffas)		نفّسنا‎ (naffasna)	نفّستوا‎ (naffastu)	نفّسوا‎ (naffsu)
	f			نفّست‎ (naffsāt)
non-past	m	ننفّس‎ (nnaffas)	تنفّس‎ (tnaffas)	ينفّس‎ (ynaffas)		ننفّسوا‎ (nnaffsu)	تنفّسوا‎ (tnaffsu)	ينفّسوا‎ (ynaffsu)
	f		تنفّسي‎ (tnaffsi)	تنفّس‎ (tnaffas)
imperative	m		نفّس (naffas)				نفّسوا‎ (naffsu)
	f		نفّسي‎ (naffsi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفْس‎ (nafs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nafs/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafs) m

1. same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it

   ‏نفس الشي‎ ― nafs eš-ši ― the same thing

   ‏فنفس اليوم، فاليوم نفسه‎ ― f-nafs el-yūm, f-el-yūm nafsu ― on the same day

2. life, breath
3. inclination, appetite, proclivity

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَفَس‎ (nafas, “breath; soul”).

Noun

نفس • (nefes) (plural انفاس‎)

1. breath, the act or process of breathing

   Synonyms: دم‎ (dam), صولوق‎ (soluk)

2. the time of one breath, a brief moment of time
3. soul, the spirit of a person that lives on after one's death

   Synonyms: اوز‎ (öz), تن‎ (tin), جان‎ (can), روح‎ (ruh), زات‎ (zat)

4. self, one's individual personality, character or disposition
5. essence of anything, its very substance or reality

Descendants

• Turkish: nefes

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “nefes”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3512
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “نفس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1282
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Halitus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 685
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “نفس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 5223
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “nefes”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “نفس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2095

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفَس‎ (nafas).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [næˈfæs]

Noun

نفس • (nafas) (plural نفس‌ها‎ (nafas-hâ) or انفاس‎ (anfâs))

1. breath

Derived terms

• نفس کشیدن‎ (nafas kešidan)

Related terms

• تنفس‎ (tanaffos)

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفْس‎ (nafs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [næfs], [næːfs]

Noun

نفس • (nafs) (plural نفس‌ها‎ (nafs-hâ) or نفوس‎ (nofus))

1. soul, self
2. psyche
3. spirit, mind
4. personal identity

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
ن ف س‎

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفْس‎ (nafs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nafs/, [nafs]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafs) m (plural أنفس‎ (ʔanfos) or نفوس‎ (nufūs))

1. soul, spirit, psyche, mind
2. desire, appetite

   Synonym: شهيّة‎ (šahiyye)

Pronoun

نفس • (nafs-)

1. (with personal suffix) -self, -selves (reflexive pronoun)

   Synonym: حال‎ (ḥāl-)

   ‏أقنعتنفسي.‎‎

   ʔaqnaʕt nafsi

   I convinced myself.

   ‏المشية ممكن تسمعوها بأكتر من اسم، بس إحنا تركيزنا عالحركةنفسها.‎‎

   il-mašye mumken tismaʕūha bi-ʔaktar min ism, bas ʔeḥna tarkīzna ʕal-ḥarake nafsha

   You can hear "il-Mashye" go by more than one name, but our focus is on the move itself.

Inflection

Inflected forms of نفس
Base form					نفس (nafs)
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
		m	f
1st person		نفسي‎ (nafsi)		نفسنا‎ (nafsna)
2nd person		نفسك‎ (nafsak)	نفسك‎ (nafsek)	نفسكم‎ (nafskom)
3rd person		نفسه‎ (nafso)	نفسها‎ (nafsha)	نفسهم‎ (nafshom)

Preposition

نفس • (nafs)

1. same

   ‏هادانفس الشي.‎‎

   hāda nafs iš-šī

   That's the same thing.

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفَّسَ‎ (naffasa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naf.fas/, [ˈnaf.fas]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

نفّس • (naffas) (form I, present بنفّس‎ (binaffes))

1. to breathe out, to exhale

   Antonym: تنفّس‎ (tnaffas)

2. (intransitive) to deflate

Conjugation

Conjugation of نفّس (naffas)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	نفّست (naffast)	نفّست (naffast)	نفّس (naffas)		نفّسنا (naffasna)	نفّستو (naffastu)	نفّسو (naffasu)
	f		نفّستي (naffasti)	نفّست (naffasat)
present	m	بنفّس (banaffes)	بتنفّس (bitnaffes)	بنفّس (binaffes)		مننفّس (minnaffes)	بتنفّسو (bitnaffsu)	بنفّسو (binaffsu)
	f		بتنفّسي (bitnaffsi)	بتنفّس (bitnaffes)
subjunctive	m	انفّس (anaffes)	تنفّس (tnaffes)	ينفّس (ynaffes)		ننفّس (nnaffes)	تنفّسو (tnaffsu)	ينفّسو (ynaffsu)
	f		تنفّسي (tnaffsi)	تنفّس (tnaffes)
imperative	m		نفّس (naffes)				نفّسو (naffsu)
	f		نفّسي (naffsi)

Etymology 3

From Arabic نَفَس‎ (nafas).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na.fas/, [ˈna.fas]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafas) m

1. breathing, breath
2. nargileh, hookah, water pipe

   Synonym: أرجيلة‎ (ʔargīle)