نغمة
See also: نغمه, نغمہ, and نعمة
Arabic
Etymology
Together with نَغْم (naḡm) of similar meaning, if this is not just the verbal noun of form I, borrowed from Aramaic ܢܶܥܡܐ (neʿmā), נעמתה / ܢܶܥܡܬ݂ܳܐ (neʿmṯā), reinterpreted after the root cognate to the Arabic ن ع م (n-ʿ-m) from Ancient Greek νεῦμα (neûma), mixed with πνεῦμα (pneûma), assuming the musical meanings of the neume term aren’t a loan from Semitic into Greek.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naɣ.ma/
Noun
نَغْمَة • (naḡma) f (plural أَنْغَام (ʾanḡām) or أَنَاغِيم (ʾanāḡīm) or نَغَمَات (naḡamāt))
- melody, tone, sound
Declension
Declension of noun نَغْمَة (naḡma)
| Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | نَغْمَة naḡma | النَّغْمَة an-naḡma | نَغْمَة naḡmat |
| Nominative | نَغْمَةٌ naḡmatun | النَّغْمَةُ an-naḡmatu | نَغْمَةُ naḡmatu |
| Accusative | نَغْمَةً naḡmatan | النَّغْمَةَ an-naḡmata | نَغْمَةَ naḡmata |
| Genitive | نَغْمَةٍ naḡmatin | النَّغْمَةِ an-naḡmati | نَغْمَةِ naḡmati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | نَغْمَتَيْن naḡmatayn | النَّغْمَتَيْن an-naḡmatayn | نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| Nominative | نَغْمَتَانِ naḡmatāni | النَّغْمَتَانِ an-naḡmatāni | نَغْمَتَا naḡmatā |
| Accusative | نَغْمَتَيْنِ naḡmatayni | النَّغْمَتَيْنِ an-naḡmatayni | نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| Genitive | نَغْمَتَيْنِ naḡmatayni | النَّغْمَتَيْنِ an-naḡmatayni | نَغْمَتَيْ naḡmatay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote; sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَنْغَام; أَنَاغِيم; نَغَمَات ʾanḡām; ʾanāḡīm; naḡamāt | الْأَنْغَام; الْأَنَاغِيم; النَّغَمَات al-ʾanḡām; al-ʾanāḡīm; an-naḡamāt | أَنْغَام; أَنَاغِيم; نَغَمَات ʾanḡām; ʾanāḡīm; naḡamāt |
| Nominative | أَنْغَامٌ; أَنَاغِيمُ; نَغَمَاتٌ ʾanḡāmun; ʾanāḡīmu; naḡamātun | الْأَنْغَامُ; الْأَنَاغِيمُ; النَّغَمَاتُ al-ʾanḡāmu; al-ʾanāḡīmu; an-naḡamātu | أَنْغَامُ; أَنَاغِيمُ; نَغَمَاتُ ʾanḡāmu; ʾanāḡīmu; naḡamātu |
| Accusative | أَنْغَامًا; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتٍ ʾanḡāman; ʾanāḡīma; naḡamātin | الْأَنْغَامَ; الْأَنَاغِيمَ; النَّغَمَاتِ al-ʾanḡāma; al-ʾanāḡīma; an-naḡamāti | أَنْغَامَ; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتِ ʾanḡāma; ʾanāḡīma; naḡamāti |
| Genitive | أَنْغَامٍ; أَنَاغِيمَ; نَغَمَاتٍ ʾanḡāmin; ʾanāḡīma; naḡamātin | الْأَنْغَامِ; الْأَنَاغِيمِ; النَّغَمَاتِ al-ʾanḡāmi; al-ʾanāḡīmi; an-naḡamāti | أَنْغَامِ; أَنَاغِيمِ; نَغَمَاتِ ʾanḡāmi; ʾanāḡīmi; naḡamāti |
Derived terms
- نَغَمَ (naḡama) and نَغِمَ (naḡima, “to hum, to recite in a modulating voice”)
- نَغَّمَ (naḡḡama, “to recite melodiously”)
- نَاغِمَ (nāḡima, “to speak softly to”)
- تَنَغَّمَ (tanaḡḡama, “to recite melodiously”)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: nəğmə
- → Kyrgyz: наама (naama)
- → Ottoman Turkish: نغمه (nağme)
- Turkish: nağme
- → Persian: نغمه (nağme)
- → Hindustani: naġmā
- Hindi: नग़मा
- Urdu: نَغمَہ
- → Hindustani: naġmā
- → Turkmen: nagma
- → Uzbek: nagʻma
References
- “نغمة” in Almaany
- Freytag, Georg (1837), “نغمة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 306a–b
- Löw, Immanuel (1911), “Lexikalische Miszellen”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (in German), volume 25, page 190–193, Nr. 5, but there Imm. Löw and Theodor Nöldeke opine that the Arabic word is genuine, presumably because of skepticism about Arabic غ (ḡ) reflecting Aramaic ע / ܥ (ʿ), but Wiktionary has not few other examples in its lists of Aramaisms or Syriacisms in Arabic, and the acquaintance with Graeco-Arabica has also widened.
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “نغمة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1302–1303
- “nˁm2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–