نجل
Arabic
Etymology
From the root ن ج ل (n-j-l). Connectable to Hebrew מָגַר (nagar, “to flow out”), Aramaic נְגַר (nəgar, “to flow out”), Classical Syriac ܢܓܰܪ (nəgar, “to last”), Ge'ez ነገድ (nägäd, “kin; progeny”), Hebrew נֶכֶד (neḵeḏ, “progeny”), Ge'ez ነገደ (nägädä, “to travel”), Aramaic נְגַד / ܢܓܰܕ (nəgad, “to flow; to draw, to pull; to stretch out”), Ge'ez ሞገድ (mogäd, “wave”), Ge'ez ነገለ (nägälä, “to be uprooted; to roll up”), Classical Syriac ܢܓܰܠ (nəgal, “to clear away”). From here developing ideas of begetting, offspring creeping out of plants and animals, so also in Tigre ነገል (näggäl, “young goat, kid”).
Verb
نَجَلَ • (najala) I, non-past يَنْجِلُ or يَنْجُلُ (yanjilu or yanjulu)
- to be covered with vegetation
- to have offspring, to beget, to sire
- to kick
- to mistreat
- to lead out, to draw out
- to remove the skin of
- to cut with the sickle
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَجَلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَجْل)| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | نَجْل najl | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | نَاجِل nājil | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مَنْجُول manjūl | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | نَجَلْتُ najaltu | نَجَلْتَ najalta | نَجَلَ najala | نَجَلْتُمَا najaltumā | نَجَلَا najalā | نَجَلْنَا najalnā | نَجَلْتُمْ najaltum | نَجَلُوا najalū | |||
| f | نَجَلْتِ najalti | نَجَلَتْ najalat | نَجَلَتَا najalatā | نَجَلْتُنَّ najaltunna | نَجَلْنَ najalna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أَنْجِلُ or أَنْجُلُ ʾanjilu or ʾanjulu | تَنْجِلُ or تَنْجُلُ tanjilu or tanjulu | يَنْجِلُ or يَنْجُلُ yanjilu or yanjulu | تَنْجِلَانِ or تَنْجُلَانِ tanjilāni or tanjulāni | يَنْجِلَانِ or يَنْجُلَانِ yanjilāni or yanjulāni | نَنْجِلُ or نَنْجُلُ nanjilu or nanjulu | تَنْجِلُونَ or تَنْجُلُونَ tanjilūna or tanjulūna | يَنْجِلُونَ or يَنْجُلُونَ yanjilūna or yanjulūna | |||
| f | تَنْجِلِينَ or تَنْجُلِينَ tanjilīna or tanjulīna | تَنْجِلُ or تَنْجُلُ tanjilu or tanjulu | تَنْجِلَانِ or تَنْجُلَانِ tanjilāni or tanjulāni | تَنْجِلْنَ or تَنْجُلْنَ tanjilna or tanjulna | يَنْجِلْنَ or يَنْجُلْنَ yanjilna or yanjulna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أَنْجِلَ or أَنْجُلَ ʾanjila or ʾanjula | تَنْجِلَ or تَنْجُلَ tanjila or tanjula | يَنْجِلَ or يَنْجُلَ yanjila or yanjula | تَنْجِلَا or تَنْجُلَا tanjilā or tanjulā | يَنْجِلَا or يَنْجُلَا yanjilā or yanjulā | نَنْجِلَ or نَنْجُلَ nanjila or nanjula | تَنْجِلُوا or تَنْجُلُوا tanjilū or tanjulū | يَنْجِلُوا or يَنْجُلُوا yanjilū or yanjulū | |||
| f | تَنْجِلِي or تَنْجُلِي tanjilī or tanjulī | تَنْجِلَ or تَنْجُلَ tanjila or tanjula | تَنْجِلَا or تَنْجُلَا tanjilā or tanjulā | تَنْجِلْنَ or تَنْجُلْنَ tanjilna or tanjulna | يَنْجِلْنَ or يَنْجُلْنَ yanjilna or yanjulna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أَنْجِلْ or أَنْجُلْ ʾanjil or ʾanjul | تَنْجِلْ or تَنْجُلْ tanjil or tanjul | يَنْجِلْ or يَنْجُلْ yanjil or yanjul | تَنْجِلَا or تَنْجُلَا tanjilā or tanjulā | يَنْجِلَا or يَنْجُلَا yanjilā or yanjulā | نَنْجِلْ or نَنْجُلْ nanjil or nanjul | تَنْجِلُوا or تَنْجُلُوا tanjilū or tanjulū | يَنْجِلُوا or يَنْجُلُوا yanjilū or yanjulū | |||
| f | تَنْجِلِي or تَنْجُلِي tanjilī or tanjulī | تَنْجِلْ or تَنْجُلْ tanjil or tanjul | تَنْجِلَا or تَنْجُلَا tanjilā or tanjulā | تَنْجِلْنَ or تَنْجُلْنَ tanjilna or tanjulna | يَنْجِلْنَ or يَنْجُلْنَ yanjilna or yanjulna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر | m | اِنْجِلْ or اُنْجُلْ injil or unjul | اِنْجِلَا or اُنْجُلَا injilā or unjulā | اِنْجِلُوا or اُنْجُلُوا injilū or unjulū | ||||||||
| f | اِنْجِلِي or اُنْجُلِي injilī or unjulī | اِنْجِلْنَ or اُنْجُلْنَ injilna or unjulna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | نُجِلْتُ nujiltu | نُجِلْتَ nujilta | نُجِلَ nujila | نُجِلْتُمَا nujiltumā | نُجِلَا nujilā | نُجِلْنَا nujilnā | نُجِلْتُمْ nujiltum | نُجِلُوا nujilū | |||
| f | نُجِلْتِ nujilti | نُجِلَتْ nujilat | نُجِلَتَا nujilatā | نُجِلْتُنَّ nujiltunna | نُجِلْنَ nujilna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُنْجَلُ ʾunjalu | تُنْجَلُ tunjalu | يُنْجَلُ yunjalu | تُنْجَلَانِ tunjalāni | يُنْجَلَانِ yunjalāni | نُنْجَلُ nunjalu | تُنْجَلُونَ tunjalūna | يُنْجَلُونَ yunjalūna | |||
| f | تُنْجَلِينَ tunjalīna | تُنْجَلُ tunjalu | تُنْجَلَانِ tunjalāni | تُنْجَلْنَ tunjalna | يُنْجَلْنَ yunjalna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُنْجَلَ ʾunjala | تُنْجَلَ tunjala | يُنْجَلَ yunjala | تُنْجَلَا tunjalā | يُنْجَلَا yunjalā | نُنْجَلَ nunjala | تُنْجَلُوا tunjalū | يُنْجَلُوا yunjalū | |||
| f | تُنْجَلِي tunjalī | تُنْجَلَ tunjala | تُنْجَلَا tunjalā | تُنْجَلْنَ tunjalna | يُنْجَلْنَ yunjalna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُنْجَلْ ʾunjal | تُنْجَلْ tunjal | يُنْجَلْ yunjal | تُنْجَلَا tunjalā | يُنْجَلَا yunjalā | نُنْجَلْ nunjal | تُنْجَلُوا tunjalū | يُنْجَلُوا yunjalū | |||
| f | تُنْجَلِي tunjalī | تُنْجَلْ tunjal | تُنْجَلَا tunjalā | تُنْجَلْنَ tunjalna | يُنْجَلْنَ yunjalna | |||||||
Verb
نَجِلَ • (najila) I, non-past يَنْجَلُ (yanjalu)
- to have large or widely open eyes, to be widely open (of an eye)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَجِلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَجَل)| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | نَجَل najal | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | نَاجِل nājil | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | نَجِلْتُ najiltu | نَجِلْتَ najilta | نَجِلَ najila | نَجِلْتُمَا najiltumā | نَجِلَا najilā | نَجِلْنَا najilnā | نَجِلْتُمْ najiltum | نَجِلُوا najilū | |||
| f | نَجِلْتِ najilti | نَجِلَتْ najilat | نَجِلَتَا najilatā | نَجِلْتُنَّ najiltunna | نَجِلْنَ najilna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أَنْجَلُ ʾanjalu | تَنْجَلُ tanjalu | يَنْجَلُ yanjalu | تَنْجَلَانِ tanjalāni | يَنْجَلَانِ yanjalāni | نَنْجَلُ nanjalu | تَنْجَلُونَ tanjalūna | يَنْجَلُونَ yanjalūna | |||
| f | تَنْجَلِينَ tanjalīna | تَنْجَلُ tanjalu | تَنْجَلَانِ tanjalāni | تَنْجَلْنَ tanjalna | يَنْجَلْنَ yanjalna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أَنْجَلَ ʾanjala | تَنْجَلَ tanjala | يَنْجَلَ yanjala | تَنْجَلَا tanjalā | يَنْجَلَا yanjalā | نَنْجَلَ nanjala | تَنْجَلُوا tanjalū | يَنْجَلُوا yanjalū | |||
| f | تَنْجَلِي tanjalī | تَنْجَلَ tanjala | تَنْجَلَا tanjalā | تَنْجَلْنَ tanjalna | يَنْجَلْنَ yanjalna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أَنْجَلْ ʾanjal | تَنْجَلْ tanjal | يَنْجَلْ yanjal | تَنْجَلَا tanjalā | يَنْجَلَا yanjalā | نَنْجَلْ nanjal | تَنْجَلُوا tanjalū | يَنْجَلُوا yanjalū | |||
| f | تَنْجَلِي tanjalī | تَنْجَلْ tanjal | تَنْجَلَا tanjalā | تَنْجَلْنَ tanjalna | يَنْجَلْنَ yanjalna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر | m | اِنْجَلْ injal | اِنْجَلَا injalā | اِنْجَلُوا injalū | ||||||||
| f | اِنْجَلِي injalī | اِنْجَلْنَ injalna | ||||||||||
Noun
نَجْل • (najl) m (plural أَنْجَال (ʾanjāl))
- posterity
- offspring, child
Declension
Declension of noun نَجْل (najl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | نَجْل najl | النَّجْل an-najl | نَجْل najl |
| Nominative | نَجْلٌ najlun | النَّجْلُ an-najlu | نَجْلُ najlu |
| Accusative | نَجْلًا najlan | النَّجْلَ an-najla | نَجْلَ najla |
| Genitive | نَجْلٍ najlin | النَّجْلِ an-najli | نَجْلِ najli |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | نَجْلَيْن najlayn | النَّجْلَيْن an-najlayn | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Nominative | نَجْلَانِ najlāni | النَّجْلَانِ an-najlāni | نَجْلَا najlā |
| Accusative | نَجْلَيْنِ najlayni | النَّجْلَيْنِ an-najlayni | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Genitive | نَجْلَيْنِ najlayni | النَّجْلَيْنِ an-najlayni | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَنْجَال ʾanjāl | الْأَنْجَال al-ʾanjāl | أَنْجَال ʾanjāl |
| Nominative | أَنْجَالٌ ʾanjālun | الْأَنْجَالُ al-ʾanjālu | أَنْجَالُ ʾanjālu |
| Accusative | أَنْجَالًا ʾanjālan | الْأَنْجَالَ al-ʾanjāla | أَنْجَالَ ʾanjāla |
| Genitive | أَنْجَالٍ ʾanjālin | الْأَنْجَالِ al-ʾanjāli | أَنْجَالِ ʾanjāli |
Noun
نَجْل • (najl) m (plural نِجَال (nijāl))
- flowing water
Declension
Declension of noun نَجْل (najl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | نَجْل najl | النَّجْل an-najl | نَجْل najl |
| Nominative | نَجْلٌ najlun | النَّجْلُ an-najlu | نَجْلُ najlu |
| Accusative | نَجْلًا najlan | النَّجْلَ an-najla | نَجْلَ najla |
| Genitive | نَجْلٍ najlin | النَّجْلِ an-najli | نَجْلِ najli |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | نَجْلَيْن najlayn | النَّجْلَيْن an-najlayn | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Nominative | نَجْلَانِ najlāni | النَّجْلَانِ an-najlāni | نَجْلَا najlā |
| Accusative | نَجْلَيْنِ najlayni | النَّجْلَيْنِ an-najlayni | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Genitive | نَجْلَيْنِ najlayni | النَّجْلَيْنِ an-najlayni | نَجْلَيْ najlay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | نِجَال nijāl | النِّجَال an-nijāl | نِجَال nijāl |
| Nominative | نِجَالٌ nijālun | النِّجَالُ an-nijālu | نِجَالُ nijālu |
| Accusative | نِجَالًا nijālan | النِّجَالَ an-nijāla | نِجَالَ nijāla |
| Genitive | نِجَالٍ nijālin | النِّجَالِ an-nijāli | نِجَالِ nijāli |
Adjective
نُجْل • (nujl) c pl
- common plural of أَنْجَلُ (ʾanjalu, “having large or widely open eyes”)
References
- “نجل” in Almaany
- Barth, Jakob (1893) Etymologische Studien zum semitischen insbesondere zum hebräischen Lexicon (in German), Berlin: H. Itzkowski, page 45
- “ngd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “ngr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “ngl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Corriente, Federico (2005), “نجل”, in Diccionario avanzado árabe (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Barcelona: Herder, page 1145
- Dillmann, August (1865) Lexicon linguae aethiopicae cum indice latino (in Latin), Leipzig: T. O. Weigel, columns 693–695
- Freytag, Georg (1833), “نجل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 246
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “نجل”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1207
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 197
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 332
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 391–392
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “نجل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 1104
- H5064 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- H5047 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible