معلوم

معلوم

Arabic

Etymology

Derived from the passive participle of عَلِمَ‎ (ʿalima, “to know”), verb form I from the root ع ل م‎ (ʿ-l-m): literally, “known”. The word is used to describe the active voice because the agent of the verb is mentioned and is therefore known. In the passive, on the other hand, the agent is usually not mentioned and is therefore unknown (مَجْهُول‎ (majhūl)).

Adjective

مَعْلُوم • (maʿlūm) (feminine مَعْلُومَة‎ (maʿlūma), masculine plural مَعْلُومُونَ‎ (maʿlūmūna), feminine plural مَعْلُومَات‎ (maʿlūmāt))

1. known
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:197:

     ‏الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَّعْلُومَاتٌ‎

     al-ḥajju ʾašhurun mmaʿlūmātun

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

2. clear, evident, certain
3. of course, yes (in answering)
4. noteworthy, celebrated, distinguished
5. (mathematics) given (mathematical quantity)

Declension

Declension of adjective مَعْلُوم (maʿlūm)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَعْلُوم maʿlūm	الْمَعْلُوم‎ al-maʿlūm	مَعْلُومَة‎ maʿlūma	الْمَعْلُومَة‎ al-maʿlūma
Nominative	مَعْلُومٌ maʿlūmun	الْمَعْلُومُ‎ al-maʿlūmu	مَعْلُومَةٌ‎ maʿlūmatun	الْمَعْلُومَةُ‎ al-maʿlūmatu
Accusative	مَعْلُومًا‎ maʿlūman	الْمَعْلُومَ‎ al-maʿlūma	مَعْلُومَةً‎ maʿlūmatan	الْمَعْلُومَةَ‎ al-maʿlūmata
Genitive	مَعْلُومٍ maʿlūmin	الْمَعْلُومِ‎ al-maʿlūmi	مَعْلُومَةٍ‎ maʿlūmatin	الْمَعْلُومَةِ‎ al-maʿlūmati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَعْلُومَيْن‎ maʿlūmayn	الْمَعْلُومَيْن‎ al-maʿlūmayn	مَعْلُومَتَيْن‎ maʿlūmatayn	الْمَعْلُومَتَيْن‎ al-maʿlūmatayn
Nominative	مَعْلُومَانِ‎ maʿlūmāni	الْمَعْلُومَانِ‎ al-maʿlūmāni	مَعْلُومَتَانِ‎ maʿlūmatāni	الْمَعْلُومَتَانِ‎ al-maʿlūmatāni
Accusative	مَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmayni	الْمَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmayni	مَعْلُومَتَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmatayni	الْمَعْلُومَتَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmatayni
Genitive	مَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmayni	الْمَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmayni	مَعْلُومَتَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmatayni	الْمَعْلُومَتَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَعْلُومِين‎ maʿlūmīn	الْمَعْلُومِين‎ al-maʿlūmīn	مَعْلُومَات‎ maʿlūmāt	الْمَعْلُومَات‎ al-maʿlūmāt
Nominative	مَعْلُومُونَ‎ maʿlūmūna	الْمَعْلُومُونَ‎ al-maʿlūmūna	مَعْلُومَاتٌ‎ maʿlūmātun	الْمَعْلُومَاتُ‎ al-maʿlūmātu
Accusative	مَعْلُومِينَ‎ maʿlūmīna	الْمَعْلُومِينَ‎ al-maʿlūmīna	مَعْلُومَاتٍ‎ maʿlūmātin	الْمَعْلُومَاتِ‎ al-maʿlūmāti
Genitive	مَعْلُومِينَ‎ maʿlūmīna	الْمَعْلُومِينَ‎ al-maʿlūmīna	مَعْلُومَاتٍ‎ maʿlūmātin	الْمَعْلُومَاتِ‎ al-maʿlūmāti

Descendants

• → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܥܠܘܼܡ‎ (maʕlūm)
• → Azerbaijani: məlum
• → Hindi: मालूम (mālūm)
• → Kazakh: мәлім (mälım), мағлұм (mağlūm)
• → Malay: maklum
• → Persian: معلوم‎ (ma'lum)
• → Swahili: maalum
• → Turkish: malum
• → Urdu: معلوم‎ (maʻlūm)
• → Uyghur: مەلۇم‎ (melum)
• → Uzbek: maʼlum

Noun

مَعْلُوم • (maʿlūm) m

1. (grammar) active voice

Declension

Declension of noun مَعْلُوم (maʿlūm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَعْلُوم maʿlūm	الْمَعْلُوم‎ al-maʿlūm	مَعْلُوم maʿlūm
Nominative	مَعْلُومٌ maʿlūmun	الْمَعْلُومُ‎ al-maʿlūmu	مَعْلُومُ maʿlūmu
Accusative	مَعْلُومًا‎ maʿlūman	الْمَعْلُومَ‎ al-maʿlūma	مَعْلُومَ maʿlūma
Genitive	مَعْلُومٍ maʿlūmin	الْمَعْلُومِ‎ al-maʿlūmi	مَعْلُومِ maʿlūmi

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863), “معلوم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “معلوم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

Noun

مَعْلُوم • (maʿlūm) m (plural مَعَالِيم‎ (maʿālīm))

1. income, salary, pension
2. tax
3. cost, amount

Declension

Declension of noun مَعْلُوم (maʿlūm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَعْلُوم maʿlūm	الْمَعْلُوم‎ al-maʿlūm	مَعْلُوم maʿlūm
Nominative	مَعْلُومٌ maʿlūmun	الْمَعْلُومُ‎ al-maʿlūmu	مَعْلُومُ maʿlūmu
Accusative	مَعْلُومًا‎ maʿlūman	الْمَعْلُومَ‎ al-maʿlūma	مَعْلُومَ maʿlūma
Genitive	مَعْلُومٍ maʿlūmin	الْمَعْلُومِ‎ al-maʿlūmi	مَعْلُومِ maʿlūmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَعْلُومَيْن‎ maʿlūmayn	الْمَعْلُومَيْن‎ al-maʿlūmayn	مَعْلُومَيْ‎ maʿlūmay
Nominative	مَعْلُومَانِ‎ maʿlūmāni	الْمَعْلُومَانِ‎ al-maʿlūmāni	مَعْلُومَا‎ maʿlūmā
Accusative	مَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmayni	الْمَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmayni	مَعْلُومَيْ‎ maʿlūmay
Genitive	مَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ maʿlūmayni	الْمَعْلُومَيْنِ‎ al-maʿlūmayni	مَعْلُومَيْ‎ maʿlūmay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَعَالِيم‎ maʿālīm	الْمَعَالِيم‎ al-maʿālīm	مَعَالِيم‎ maʿālīm
Nominative	مَعَالِيمُ‎ maʿālīmu	الْمَعَالِيمُ‎ al-maʿālīmu	مَعَالِيمُ‎ maʿālīmu
Accusative	مَعَالِيمَ‎ maʿālīma	الْمَعَالِيمَ‎ al-maʿālīma	مَعَالِيمَ‎ maʿālīma
Genitive	مَعَالِيمَ‎ maʿālīma	الْمَعَالِيمِ‎ al-maʿālīmi	مَعَالِيمِ‎ maʿālīmi

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “معلوم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “معلوم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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Malay

Verb

معلوم

1. Jawi spelling of maklum

Adjective

معلوم

1. Jawi spelling of maklum

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Persian

Etymology

From Arabic مَعْلُوم‎ (maʿlūm).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /maʔˈluːm/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /maʔˈluːm/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /mæʔˈluːm/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /maʔˈlum/

Adjective

Dari	معلوم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	маълум (maʾlum)

معلوم • (ma'lum)

1. (grammar) active
2. known
3. distinguished

Antonyms

• مجهول‎ (majhul)

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
ع ل م‎

Etymology

From Arabic مَعْلُوم‎ (maʿlūm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maʕ.luːm/, [maʕˈluːm]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Adjective

معلوم • (maʕlūm) (feminine معلومة‎ (maʕlūme))

1. known, obvious

See also

• معروف‎ (maʕrūf, “well-known, familiar”)

Interjection

معلوم • (maʕlūm)

1. of course!, naturally!

   Synonyms: طبعا‎ (ṭabʕan), بالطبع‎ (biṭ-ṭabʕ)

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Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْلُوم‎ (maʿlūm) (through Classical Persian معلوم‎ (ma'lūm)), from عَلِمَ‎ (ʿalima).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /mə.(ʔ)luːm/, /mɑː.luːm/
• Rhymes: -uːm

Adjective

مَعْلُوم • (maʻlūm) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling मालूम)

1. known

   ‏معلوم نہیں‎‎ ― mālūm nahī̃ ― (I) don't know

   Synonym: پتا‎ (patā)

2. evident, clear; obvious

References

• “معلوم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “معلوم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “معلوم”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.