مشتهى
Arabic
FWOTD – 5 November 2022
Etymology 1
Derived from the passive participle of اِشْتَهَى (ištahā).
Adjective
مُشْتَهًى • (muštahan) (feminine مُشْتَهَاة (muštahāh), masculine plural مُشْتَهَوْن (muštahawn), feminine plural مُشْتَهَيَات (muštahayāt))
- wished, desired, craved for
Declension
Declension of adjective مُشْتَهًى (muštahan)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular in ـًى (-an) | singular triptote in ـَاة (-āh) | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَاة muštahāt | الْمُشْتَهَاة al-muštahāt |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَاةٌ muštahātun | الْمُشْتَهَاةُ al-muštahātu |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَاةً muštahātan | الْمُشْتَهَاةَ al-muštahāta |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَاةٍ muštahātin | الْمُشْتَهَاةِ al-muštahāti |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَيَيْن muštahayayn | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْن al-muštahayayn | مُشْتَهَاتَيْن muštahātayn | الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْن al-muštahātayn |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهَيَانِ muštahayāni | الْمُشْتَهَيَانِ al-muštahayāni | مُشْتَهَاتَانِ muštahātāni | الْمُشْتَهَاتَانِ al-muštahātāni |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni | مُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ muštahātayni | الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ al-muštahātayni |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni | مُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ muštahātayni | الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ al-muštahātayni |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| sound plural in ـَوْنَ (-awna) | sound feminine plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَيْن muštahayn | الْمُشْتَهَيْن al-muštahayn | مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt | الْمُشْتَهَيَات al-muštahayāt |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهَوْنَ muštahawna | الْمُشْتَهَوْنَ al-muštahawna | مُشْتَهَيَاتٌ muštahayātun | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتُ al-muštahayātu |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهَيْنَ muštahayna | الْمُشْتَهَيْنَ al-muštahayna | مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهَيْنَ muštahayna | الْمُشْتَهَيْنَ al-muštahayna | مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti |
Noun
مُشْتَهًى • (muštahan) m (dual مُشْتَهَيَانِ (muštahayāni), plural مُشْتَهَيَات (muštahayāt))
- wish, desire
Declension
Declension of noun مُشْتَهًى (muštahan)
| Singular | singular in ـًى (-an) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهًى muštahan | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَيَيْن muštahayayn | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْن al-muštahayayn | مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهَيَانِ muštahayāni | الْمُشْتَهَيَانِ al-muštahayāni | مُشْتَهَيَا muštahayā |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni | مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni | الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni | مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay |
| Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt | الْمُشْتَهَيَات al-muštahayāt | مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهَيَاتٌ muštahayātun | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتُ al-muštahayātu | مُشْتَهَيَاتُ muštahayātu |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti | مُشْتَهَيَاتِ muštahayāti |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin | الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti | مُشْتَهَيَاتِ muštahayāti |
مُشْتَهَى
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مُشْتَهَى
Etymology 2
A plant not spread in the Arab world except scatteredly in Northwest Africa – a Romance borrowing, akin to Portuguese mostajeiro, Asturian mostayo, Leonese mostellar, mostayal, mostayo, Spanish mostajo, mostellar (the form mostellar from Leonese), Aragonese mostayo, mostajo, mostachera, moixera, Catalan mogera, moixera, moxera, meaning Sorbus aria, deriving from Vulgar Latin extensions of Latin mustum (“must”), because of the berries being stored in must or tasting of wine. Doublet of مُصْطَار / مُسْطَار (muṣṭār / musṭār, “must”), an earlier borrowing of a unit of measure for must.
Noun
مُشْتَهَى • (muštahā) f
- common whitebeam (Sorbus aria)
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 30, Art. 8, page 429:
- وفيه ينضج الخوخ والرمان والسفرجل ويسود بعض حب الريتون ويطيب حب شجر المشتهى والبلوط والقسطل ويفصل الجوز وهو أفضل وقت جمعه وفيه يجمع الصنوبر والعناب ويظهر فيه الأسفاراج وفيه يبدئ بالحرث والزراعة بعد نزول الغيث وذلك في بعض البلاد وفيه تجمع الكراويا والكمون واللوبياء والدرونج وبزور الأحباق والكزبر والأرز وتقلع الحناء.
- In this ripen the peach, the pomegranate, and the quince, and some olives become black, and the common whitebeam and the oak and the chestnut become good, and the walnuts open, and it is the best time to gather them, and in it pines and jujubes are harvested, and in it asparagus appears, and one begins to till and sow after the rain in some regions, and one collects caraway and jeera and green beans and leopard’s bane and basil seeds and coriander and rice and pulls the henna.
-
Declension
Declension of noun مُشْتَهَى (muštahā)
| Singular | singular invariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Nominative | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Accusative | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
| Genitive | مُشْتَهَى muštahā | الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā | مُشْتَهَى muštahā |
References
- “mostellar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “مشتهى”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 797
- Freytag, Georg (1833), “مشتهى”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 462
- Simonet, Francisco Javier (1888) Glosario de voces ibéricas y latinas usadas entre los mozárabes (in Spanish), Madrid: Establecimiento tipográfico de Fortanet, pages 381–383