مسكين

مسكين

See also: مسکین‎

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܡܶܣܟܸܐܢܳܐ / ܡܶܣܟܸܢܳܐ / ܡܶܣܟܸܝܢܳܐ‎ (meskēnā, “miserable, wretched”), from Akkadian 𒈦𒆕𒂗 (muškēnum, “commoner, poor”). Also passed into Hebrew מִסְכֵּן‎ (miskēn, “miserable”) and via Aramaic מִסְכֵּינָא‎ / ܡܶܣܟܸܝܢܳܐ‎ (meskēnā) into Ge'ez ምስኪን (məskin), Amharic ምስኪን (məskin), Tigrinya መስኪን (mäskin), Harari ሚስኪን (miskin).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mis.kiːn/
  • (Hijazi) IPA^(key): /maskiːn/

Adjective

مِسْكِين • (miskīn) (feminine مِسْكِينَة‎ (miskīna), masculine plural مَسَاكِين‎ (masākīn))

1. poor
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 76:8:

     ‏وَيُطْعِمُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا‎

     wayuṭʿimūna ṭ-ṭaʿāma ʿalā ḥubbihi miskīnan wayatīman waʾasīran

     "and give food—despite their desire for it—to the poor, the orphan, and the captive."

Declension

Declension of adjective مِسْكِين (miskīn)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مِسْكِين miskīn	الْمِسْكِين‎ al-miskīn	مِسْكِينَة‎ miskīna	الْمِسْكِينَة‎ al-miskīna
Nominative	مِسْكِينٌ miskīnun	الْمِسْكِينُ‎ al-miskīnu	مِسْكِينَةٌ‎ miskīnatun	الْمِسْكِينَةُ‎ al-miskīnatu
Accusative	مِسْكِينًا‎ miskīnan	الْمِسْكِينَ‎ al-miskīna	مِسْكِينَةً‎ miskīnatan	الْمِسْكِينَةَ‎ al-miskīnata
Genitive	مِسْكِينٍ miskīnin	الْمِسْكِينِ‎ al-miskīni	مِسْكِينَةٍ‎ miskīnatin	الْمِسْكِينَةِ‎ al-miskīnati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مِسْكِينَيْن‎ miskīnayn	الْمِسْكِينَيْن‎ al-miskīnayn	مِسْكِينَتَيْن‎ miskīnatayn	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْن‎ al-miskīnatayn
Nominative	مِسْكِينَانِ‎ miskīnāni	الْمِسْكِينَانِ‎ al-miskīnāni	مِسْكِينَتَانِ‎ miskīnatāni	الْمِسْكِينَتَانِ‎ al-miskīnatāni
Accusative	مِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnatayni
Genitive	مِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural diptote		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَسَاكِين‎ masākīn	الْمَسَاكِين‎ al-masākīn	مِسْكِينَات‎ miskīnāt	الْمِسْكِينَات‎ al-miskīnāt
Nominative	مَسَاكِينُ‎ masākīnu	الْمَسَاكِينُ‎ al-masākīnu	مِسْكِينَاتٌ‎ miskīnātun	الْمِسْكِينَاتُ‎ al-miskīnātu
Accusative	مَسَاكِينَ‎ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينَ‎ al-masākīna	مِسْكِينَاتٍ‎ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ‎ al-miskīnāti
Genitive	مَسَاكِينَ‎ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينِ‎ al-masākīni	مِسْكِينَاتٍ‎ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ‎ al-miskīnāti

Descendants

• Maltese: miskin
• Moroccan Arabic: مسكين‎ (miskīn)
• → Azerbaijani: miskin
• → Catalan: mesquí
• → French: mesquin
• → Galician: mesquiño
• → Italian: meschino
  • → French: mesquin
• → Malay: miskin
  • Indonesian: miskin
• → Mozarabic: משכון‎ (mškwn)
• → Old French: meschin
• → Old Occitan: mesquin
• → Persian: مسکین‎ (meskin)
  • → Bengali: মিসকিন (miskin)
  • → Uzbek: miskin
• → Portuguese: mesquinho
• → Romanian: meschin
• → Sindhi: mischino
• → Sicilian: mischinu
• → Old Spanish: mesquino
  • Spanish: mezquino
• → Swahili: maskini
• → Turkish: miskin

References

• “mskn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 24
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 264–265
• Klein, Ernest (1987) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN
• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 364
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 45

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Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic مِسْكِين‎ (miskīn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mis.kiːn/

Adjective

مسكين • (miskīn) (feminine مسكينة‎ (miskīna), common plural مساكن‎ (msākin), masculine plural مسكينين‎ (miskīnīn), feminine plural مسكينات‎ (miskīnāt))

1. poor (inspiring pity)