قسط
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root ق س ط (q-s-ṭ). If the noun goes so far as to mean justice, it is perhaps a semantic loan from Classical Syriac ܩܘܼܫܬܿܵܐ (qūštā, “truth, rectitude, justice”), while others go even so far as to consider a borrowing from Latin iūstitia, whereas the use for a measure is Aramaic קִיסְטָא / ܩܸܣܛܵܐ (qesṭā) from Byzantine Greek ξέστης (xéstēs) from Latin sextārius (“a cubic measure”). The presence of a denominal verb from قِسْطَاس (qisṭās, “weigher”) is also possible.
Verb
قَسَّطَ • (qassaṭa) II, non-past يُقَسِّطُ (yuqassiṭu)
- to dispense, to allot
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَقْسِيط taqsīṭ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُقَسِّط muqassiṭ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُقَسَّط muqassaṭ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | قَسَّطْتُ qassaṭtu | قَسَّطْتَ qassaṭta | قَسَّطَ qassaṭa | قَسَّطْتُمَا qassaṭtumā | قَسَّطَا qassaṭā | قَسَّطْنَا qassaṭnā | قَسَّطْتُمْ qassaṭtum | قَسَّطُوا qassaṭū | |||
f | قَسَّطْتِ qassaṭti | قَسَّطَتْ qassaṭat | قَسَّطَتَا qassaṭatā | قَسَّطْتُنَّ qassaṭtunna | قَسَّطْنَ qassaṭna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُقَسِّطُ ʾuqassiṭu | تُقَسِّطُ tuqassiṭu | يُقَسِّطُ yuqassiṭu | تُقَسِّطَانِ tuqassiṭāni | يُقَسِّطَانِ yuqassiṭāni | نُقَسِّطُ nuqassiṭu | تُقَسِّطُونَ tuqassiṭūna | يُقَسِّطُونَ yuqassiṭūna | |||
f | تُقَسِّطِينَ tuqassiṭīna | تُقَسِّطُ tuqassiṭu | تُقَسِّطَانِ tuqassiṭāni | تُقَسِّطْنَ tuqassiṭna | يُقَسِّطْنَ yuqassiṭna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُقَسِّطَ ʾuqassiṭa | تُقَسِّطَ tuqassiṭa | يُقَسِّطَ yuqassiṭa | تُقَسِّطَا tuqassiṭā | يُقَسِّطَا yuqassiṭā | نُقَسِّطَ nuqassiṭa | تُقَسِّطُوا tuqassiṭū | يُقَسِّطُوا yuqassiṭū | |||
f | تُقَسِّطِي tuqassiṭī | تُقَسِّطَ tuqassiṭa | تُقَسِّطَا tuqassiṭā | تُقَسِّطْنَ tuqassiṭna | يُقَسِّطْنَ yuqassiṭna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُقَسِّطْ ʾuqassiṭ | تُقَسِّطْ tuqassiṭ | يُقَسِّطْ yuqassiṭ | تُقَسِّطَا tuqassiṭā | يُقَسِّطَا yuqassiṭā | نُقَسِّطْ nuqassiṭ | تُقَسِّطُوا tuqassiṭū | يُقَسِّطُوا yuqassiṭū | |||
f | تُقَسِّطِي tuqassiṭī | تُقَسِّطْ tuqassiṭ | تُقَسِّطَا tuqassiṭā | تُقَسِّطْنَ tuqassiṭna | يُقَسِّطْنَ yuqassiṭna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | قَسِّطْ qassiṭ | قَسِّطَا qassiṭā | قَسِّطُوا qassiṭū | ||||||||
f | قَسِّطِي qassiṭī | قَسِّطْنَ qassiṭna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | قُسِّطْتُ qussiṭtu | قُسِّطْتَ qussiṭta | قُسِّطَ qussiṭa | قُسِّطْتُمَا qussiṭtumā | قُسِّطَا qussiṭā | قُسِّطْنَا qussiṭnā | قُسِّطْتُمْ qussiṭtum | قُسِّطُوا qussiṭū | |||
f | قُسِّطْتِ qussiṭti | قُسِّطَتْ qussiṭat | قُسِّطَتَا qussiṭatā | قُسِّطْتُنَّ qussiṭtunna | قُسِّطْنَ qussiṭna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُقَسَّطُ ʾuqassaṭu | تُقَسَّطُ tuqassaṭu | يُقَسَّطُ yuqassaṭu | تُقَسَّطَانِ tuqassaṭāni | يُقَسَّطَانِ yuqassaṭāni | نُقَسَّطُ nuqassaṭu | تُقَسَّطُونَ tuqassaṭūna | يُقَسَّطُونَ yuqassaṭūna | |||
f | تُقَسَّطِينَ tuqassaṭīna | تُقَسَّطُ tuqassaṭu | تُقَسَّطَانِ tuqassaṭāni | تُقَسَّطْنَ tuqassaṭna | يُقَسَّطْنَ yuqassaṭna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُقَسَّطَ ʾuqassaṭa | تُقَسَّطَ tuqassaṭa | يُقَسَّطَ yuqassaṭa | تُقَسَّطَا tuqassaṭā | يُقَسَّطَا yuqassaṭā | نُقَسَّطَ nuqassaṭa | تُقَسَّطُوا tuqassaṭū | يُقَسَّطُوا yuqassaṭū | |||
f | تُقَسَّطِي tuqassaṭī | تُقَسَّطَ tuqassaṭa | تُقَسَّطَا tuqassaṭā | تُقَسَّطْنَ tuqassaṭna | يُقَسَّطْنَ yuqassaṭna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُقَسَّطْ ʾuqassaṭ | تُقَسَّطْ tuqassaṭ | يُقَسَّطْ yuqassaṭ | تُقَسَّطَا tuqassaṭā | يُقَسَّطَا yuqassaṭā | نُقَسَّطْ nuqassaṭ | تُقَسَّطُوا tuqassaṭū | يُقَسَّطُوا yuqassaṭū | |||
f | تُقَسَّطِي tuqassaṭī | تُقَسَّطْ tuqassaṭ | تُقَسَّطَا tuqassaṭā | تُقَسَّطْنَ tuqassaṭna | يُقَسَّطْنَ yuqassaṭna |
Noun
قِسْط • (qisṭ) m (plural أَقْسَاط (ʾaqsāṭ))
- equitability
- lot, share, portion, tranche
- installment
- meed, premium
- payment, payout
- a vague amount or time of
- خُذ قِسْطاً مِن الراحة! ― ḵuḏ qisṭan min ar-rāḥa! ― Get some rest!
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قِسْط qisṭ | الْقِسْط al-qisṭ | قِسْط qisṭ |
Nominative | قِسْطٌ qisṭun | الْقِسْطُ al-qisṭu | قِسْطُ qisṭu |
Accusative | قِسْطًا qisṭan | الْقِسْطَ al-qisṭa | قِسْطَ qisṭa |
Genitive | قِسْطٍ qisṭin | الْقِسْطِ al-qisṭi | قِسْطِ qisṭi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | قِسْطَيْن qisṭayn | الْقِسْطَيْن al-qisṭayn | قِسْطَيْ qisṭay |
Nominative | قِسْطَانِ qisṭāni | الْقِسْطَانِ al-qisṭāni | قِسْطَا qisṭā |
Accusative | قِسْطَيْنِ qisṭayni | الْقِسْطَيْنِ al-qisṭayni | قِسْطَيْ qisṭay |
Genitive | قِسْطَيْنِ qisṭayni | الْقِسْطَيْنِ al-qisṭayni | قِسْطَيْ qisṭay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَقْسَاط ʾaqsāṭ | الْأَقْسَاط al-ʾaqsāṭ | أَقْسَاط ʾaqsāṭ |
Nominative | أَقْسَاطٌ ʾaqsāṭun | الْأَقْسَاطُ al-ʾaqsāṭu | أَقْسَاطُ ʾaqsāṭu |
Accusative | أَقْسَاطًا ʾaqsāṭan | الْأَقْسَاطَ al-ʾaqsāṭa | أَقْسَاطَ ʾaqsāṭa |
Genitive | أَقْسَاطٍ ʾaqsāṭin | الْأَقْسَاطِ al-ʾaqsāṭi | أَقْسَاطِ ʾaqsāṭi |
Descendants
- → Persian: قسط (qest)
- → Hindustani:
- Hindi: क़िस्त (qist)
- Urdu: قسط (qist)
- → Hindustani:
- →Bengali: কিস্তি (kisti)
Noun
قَسْط • (qasṭ) m
- injustice
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قَسْط qasṭ | الْقَسْط al-qasṭ | قَسْط qasṭ |
Nominative | قَسْطٌ qasṭun | الْقَسْطُ al-qasṭu | قَسْطُ qasṭu |
Accusative | قَسْطًا qasṭan | الْقَسْطَ al-qasṭa | قَسْطَ qasṭa |
Genitive | قَسْطٍ qasṭin | الْقَسْطِ al-qasṭi | قَسْطِ qasṭi |
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 205
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 237–238
- Shahîd, Irfan (2008), “Latin Loanwords”, in Versteegh, Kees, editor, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 7
- “qsṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “qšwṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Etymology 2
From Ancient Greek κόστος (kóstos), from Sanskrit कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha).
Noun
قُسْط • (qusṭ) m
- costus (both Costus gen. and Saussurea costus (syns. Saussurea lappa, Aucklandia lappa))
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قُسْط qusṭ | الْقُسْط al-qusṭ | قُسْط qusṭ |
Nominative | قُسْطٌ qusṭun | الْقُسْطُ al-qusṭu | قُسْطُ qusṭu |
Accusative | قُسْطًا qusṭan | الْقُسْطَ al-qusṭa | قُسْطَ qusṭa |
Genitive | قُسْطٍ qusṭin | الْقُسْطِ al-qusṭi | قُسْطِ qusṭi |
Descendants
- → Middle Armenian: ղուստ (łust), խուստ (xust), կոստ (kost), կօստ (kōst)
- → Coptic: ⲕⲟⲩⲥ̅ⲧ (kous̅t)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian قسط (qist, “installment”), itself from Arabic قِسْط (qisṭ).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /qɪst̪/
- Rhymes: -ɪst̪
Noun
قِسْط • (qist) f (Hindi spelling क़िस्त)
- (broadcasting) episode (of a television show)
- گُزِشْتَہ قِسْط ― guziśtā qist ― previous episode
- (finance) installment, partial payment
- share, portion
Declension
Declension of قسط | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | قِسْط (qist) | قِسْطیں (qistẽ) |
oblique | قِسْط (qist) | قِسْطوں (qistõ) |
vocative | قِسْط (qist) | قِسْطو (qisto) |
References
- “قسط”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “قسط”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.