فوج

Arabic

Alternative forms

فَيْج‎ (fayj) – obsolete

Etymology

From earlier فَيْج‎ (fayj, “legman, courier; company”), borrowed from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pdk' /payg/, “foot-soldier, foot-walker, courier”) (Classical Persian ‎ (payg)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fawd͡ʒ/ (singular)
IPA^(key): /ʔaf.waːd͡ʒ/ (plural)

Noun

فَوْج • (fawj) m (plural أَفْوَاج‎ (ʾafwāj))

company, group, crowd, drove, swarm
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 110:2:
  ‏وَرَأَيْتَ ٱلنَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ ٱللّٰهِ أَفْوَاجًا‎‎
  wa-raʾayta n-nāsa yadḵulūna fī dīni llāhi ʾafwājan
  And you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes
(military) cohort, battalion, regiment (a military unit of size varying by state)
(mining) shift, layer, stratum (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

Declension

Declension of noun فَوْج (fawj)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فَوْج fawj	الْفَوْج‎ al-fawj	فَوْج fawj
Nominative	فَوْجٌ fawjun	الْفَوْجُ‎ al-fawju	فَوْجُ fawju
Accusative	فَوْجًا‎ fawjan	الْفَوْجَ‎ al-fawja	فَوْجَ fawja
Genitive	فَوْجٍ fawjin	الْفَوْجِ‎ al-fawji	فَوْجِ fawji
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فَوْجَيْن‎ fawjayn	الْفَوْجَيْن‎ al-fawjayn	فَوْجَيْ‎ fawjay
Nominative	فَوْجَانِ‎ fawjāni	الْفَوْجَانِ‎ al-fawjāni	فَوْجَا‎ fawjā
Accusative	فَوْجَيْنِ‎ fawjayni	الْفَوْجَيْنِ‎ al-fawjayni	فَوْجَيْ‎ fawjay
Genitive	فَوْجَيْنِ‎ fawjayni	الْفَوْجَيْنِ‎ al-fawjayni	فَوْجَيْ‎ fawjay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَفْوَاج‎ ʾafwāj	الْأَفْوَاج‎ al-ʾafwāj	أَفْوَاج‎ ʾafwāj
Nominative	أَفْوَاجٌ‎ ʾafwājun	الْأَفْوَاجُ‎ al-ʾafwāju	أَفْوَاجُ‎ ʾafwāju
Accusative	أَفْوَاجًا‎ ʾafwājan	الْأَفْوَاجَ‎ al-ʾafwāja	أَفْوَاجَ‎ ʾafwāja
Genitive	أَفْوَاجٍ‎ ʾafwājin	الْأَفْوَاجِ‎ al-ʾafwāji	أَفْوَاجِ‎ ʾafwāji

Derived terms

أَفَاجَ‎ (ʾafāja, “to congregate”)

Descendants

→ Persian: فوج‎ (fowj)
- → Bengali: ফৌজ (fouj)
- → Gujarati: ફોજ (phoj)
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: फ़ौज (fauj)
  Urdu: فوج‎ (fauj)
- → Kannada: ಫೌಜು (phauju)
- → Marathi: फौज (phauj)
- → Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi: ਫ਼ੌਜ (fauj)
  Shahmukhi: فوج‎ (foj)

References

“فوج” in Almaany
Freytag, Georg (1835), “فوج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 379
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “فوج”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 643
Lane, Edward William (1863), “فوج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2455
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “فوج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 986

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic فَوْج‎ (fawj).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /fawd͡ʒ/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /fawd͡ʒ/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /fowd͡ʒ/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /favd͡ʒ/

Iranian Persian	فوج
Dari	فوج
Tajik	фавҷ (favj)

Noun

فوج • (fowj)

(archaic) group, company
(archaic) a regiment
Synonym: هنگ‎ (hang)

Descendants

→ Bengali: ফৌজ (fouj)
→ Gujarati: ફોજ (phoj)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: फ़ौज (fauj)
Urdu: فوج‎ (fauj)
→ Kannada: ಫೌಜು (phauju)
→ Marathi: फौज (phauj)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi: ਫ਼ੌਜ (fauj)
Shahmukhi: فوج‎ (foj)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (fowj), from Arabic فَوْج‎ (fawj, “regiment, battalion, crowd”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /fɔːd͡ʒ/

Noun

فوج • (fauj) f (Hindi spelling फ़ौज)

force, army, military

Declension

Declension of فوج
	singular	plural
direct	فوج‎ (fauj)	فوجیں‎ (faujẽ)
oblique	فوج‎ (fauj)	فوجوں‎ (faujõ)
vocative	فوج‎ (fauj)	فوجو‎ (faujo)

Derived terms

فوجدار‎ (faujdār)
فوجی‎ (faujī)