غنم
Arabic
Etymology
From the root غ ن م (ḡ-n-m).
Verb
غَنِمَ • (ḡanima) I, non-past يَغْنَمُ (yaḡnamu)
- (intransitive) to make booty
- 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 1:36:
- إِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيَأْخُذُ نِضْوَ أَخِيهِ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُ النِّصْفَ مِمَّا يَغْنَمُ وَلَنَا النِّصْفُ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا لَيَطِيرُ لَهُ النَّصْلُ وَٱلرِّيشُ وَلِلْآخَرِ الْقَدَحُ.
- ʾin kāna ʾaḥadunā fī zamani rasūli llāhi ṣallā llāhu ʿalayhi wasallama layaʾḵuḏu niḍwa ʾaḵīhi ʿalā ʾanna lahu n-niṣfa mimmā yaḡnamu walanā n-niṣfu waʾin kāna ʾaḥadunā layaṭīru lahu n-naṣlu war-rīšu walilʾāḵari l-qadaḥu.
- Any one of us would borrow an arrow-shaft during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ) from the other, on condition that he would give him half the booty, and the other half he would retain himself. Further, one of us received, so it flies, an arrowhead and a feather, and the other the arrow-shaft.
-
- (transitive) to take as booty
- (transitive) to pillage, to foray, to plunder
Conjugation
Conjugation of
غَنِمَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns غَنْم or غُنْم or غَنَم or غُنْمَان or غَنِيمَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر | غَنْم or غُنْم or غَنَم or غُنْمَان or غَنِيمَة ḡanm or ḡunm or ḡanam or ḡunmān or ḡanīma | |||||||||||
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active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | غَانِم ḡānim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مَغْنُوم maḡnūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غَنِمْتُ ḡanimtu | غَنِمْتَ ḡanimta | غَنِمَ ḡanima | غَنِمْتُمَا ḡanimtumā | غَنِمَا ḡanimā | غَنِمْنَا ḡanimnā | غَنِمْتُمْ ḡanimtum | غَنِمُوا ḡanimū | |||
f | غَنِمْتِ ḡanimti | غَنِمَتْ ḡanimat | غَنِمَتَا ḡanimatā | غَنِمْتُنَّ ḡanimtunna | غَنِمْنَ ḡanimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أَغْنَمُ ʾaḡnamu | تَغْنَمُ taḡnamu | يَغْنَمُ yaḡnamu | تَغْنَمَانِ taḡnamāni | يَغْنَمَانِ yaḡnamāni | نَغْنَمُ naḡnamu | تَغْنَمُونَ taḡnamūna | يَغْنَمُونَ yaḡnamūna | |||
f | تَغْنَمِينَ taḡnamīna | تَغْنَمُ taḡnamu | تَغْنَمَانِ taḡnamāni | تَغْنَمْنَ taḡnamna | يَغْنَمْنَ yaḡnamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أَغْنَمَ ʾaḡnama | تَغْنَمَ taḡnama | يَغْنَمَ yaḡnama | تَغْنَمَا taḡnamā | يَغْنَمَا yaḡnamā | نَغْنَمَ naḡnama | تَغْنَمُوا taḡnamū | يَغْنَمُوا yaḡnamū | |||
f | تَغْنَمِي taḡnamī | تَغْنَمَ taḡnama | تَغْنَمَا taḡnamā | تَغْنَمْنَ taḡnamna | يَغْنَمْنَ yaḡnamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أَغْنَمْ ʾaḡnam | تَغْنَمْ taḡnam | يَغْنَمْ yaḡnam | تَغْنَمَا taḡnamā | يَغْنَمَا yaḡnamā | نَغْنَمْ naḡnam | تَغْنَمُوا taḡnamū | يَغْنَمُوا yaḡnamū | |||
f | تَغْنَمِي taḡnamī | تَغْنَمْ taḡnam | تَغْنَمَا taḡnamā | تَغْنَمْنَ taḡnamna | يَغْنَمْنَ yaḡnamna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | اِغْنَمْ iḡnam | اِغْنَمَا iḡnamā | اِغْنَمُوا iḡnamū | ||||||||
f | اِغْنَمِي iḡnamī | اِغْنَمْنَ iḡnamna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غُنِمْتُ ḡunimtu | غُنِمْتَ ḡunimta | غُنِمَ ḡunima | غُنِمْتُمَا ḡunimtumā | غُنِمَا ḡunimā | غُنِمْنَا ḡunimnā | غُنِمْتُمْ ḡunimtum | غُنِمُوا ḡunimū | |||
f | غُنِمْتِ ḡunimti | غُنِمَتْ ḡunimat | غُنِمَتَا ḡunimatā | غُنِمْتُنَّ ḡunimtunna | غُنِمْنَ ḡunimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُغْنَمُ ʾuḡnamu | تُغْنَمُ tuḡnamu | يُغْنَمُ yuḡnamu | تُغْنَمَانِ tuḡnamāni | يُغْنَمَانِ yuḡnamāni | نُغْنَمُ nuḡnamu | تُغْنَمُونَ tuḡnamūna | يُغْنَمُونَ yuḡnamūna | |||
f | تُغْنَمِينَ tuḡnamīna | تُغْنَمُ tuḡnamu | تُغْنَمَانِ tuḡnamāni | تُغْنَمْنَ tuḡnamna | يُغْنَمْنَ yuḡnamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُغْنَمَ ʾuḡnama | تُغْنَمَ tuḡnama | يُغْنَمَ yuḡnama | تُغْنَمَا tuḡnamā | يُغْنَمَا yuḡnamā | نُغْنَمَ nuḡnama | تُغْنَمُوا tuḡnamū | يُغْنَمُوا yuḡnamū | |||
f | تُغْنَمِي tuḡnamī | تُغْنَمَ tuḡnama | تُغْنَمَا tuḡnamā | تُغْنَمْنَ tuḡnamna | يُغْنَمْنَ yuḡnamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُغْنَمْ ʾuḡnam | تُغْنَمْ tuḡnam | يُغْنَمْ yuḡnam | تُغْنَمَا tuḡnamā | يُغْنَمَا yuḡnamā | نُغْنَمْ nuḡnam | تُغْنَمُوا tuḡnamū | يُغْنَمُوا yuḡnamū | |||
f | تُغْنَمِي tuḡnamī | تُغْنَمْ tuḡnam | تُغْنَمَا tuḡnamā | تُغْنَمْنَ tuḡnamna | يُغْنَمْنَ yuḡnamna |
Verb
غَنَّمَ • (ḡannama) II, non-past يُغَنِّمُ (yuḡannimu)
- to give away altruistically, to dole out, to deal out, to share out
Conjugation
Conjugation of
غَنَّمَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَغْنِيم taḡnīm | |||||||||||
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active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُغَنِّم muḡannim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُغَنَّم muḡannam | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غَنَّمْتُ ḡannamtu | غَنَّمْتَ ḡannamta | غَنَّمَ ḡannama | غَنَّمْتُمَا ḡannamtumā | غَنَّمَا ḡannamā | غَنَّمْنَا ḡannamnā | غَنَّمْتُمْ ḡannamtum | غَنَّمُوا ḡannamū | |||
f | غَنَّمْتِ ḡannamti | غَنَّمَتْ ḡannamat | غَنَّمَتَا ḡannamatā | غَنَّمْتُنَّ ḡannamtunna | غَنَّمْنَ ḡannamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُغَنِّمُ ʾuḡannimu | تُغَنِّمُ tuḡannimu | يُغَنِّمُ yuḡannimu | تُغَنِّمَانِ tuḡannimāni | يُغَنِّمَانِ yuḡannimāni | نُغَنِّمُ nuḡannimu | تُغَنِّمُونَ tuḡannimūna | يُغَنِّمُونَ yuḡannimūna | |||
f | تُغَنِّمِينَ tuḡannimīna | تُغَنِّمُ tuḡannimu | تُغَنِّمَانِ tuḡannimāni | تُغَنِّمْنَ tuḡannimna | يُغَنِّمْنَ yuḡannimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُغَنِّمَ ʾuḡannima | تُغَنِّمَ tuḡannima | يُغَنِّمَ yuḡannima | تُغَنِّمَا tuḡannimā | يُغَنِّمَا yuḡannimā | نُغَنِّمَ nuḡannima | تُغَنِّمُوا tuḡannimū | يُغَنِّمُوا yuḡannimū | |||
f | تُغَنِّمِي tuḡannimī | تُغَنِّمَ tuḡannima | تُغَنِّمَا tuḡannimā | تُغَنِّمْنَ tuḡannimna | يُغَنِّمْنَ yuḡannimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُغَنِّمْ ʾuḡannim | تُغَنِّمْ tuḡannim | يُغَنِّمْ yuḡannim | تُغَنِّمَا tuḡannimā | يُغَنِّمَا yuḡannimā | نُغَنِّمْ nuḡannim | تُغَنِّمُوا tuḡannimū | يُغَنِّمُوا yuḡannimū | |||
f | تُغَنِّمِي tuḡannimī | تُغَنِّمْ tuḡannim | تُغَنِّمَا tuḡannimā | تُغَنِّمْنَ tuḡannimna | يُغَنِّمْنَ yuḡannimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | غَنِّمْ ḡannim | غَنِّمَا ḡannimā | غَنِّمُوا ḡannimū | ||||||||
f | غَنِّمِي ḡannimī | غَنِّمْنَ ḡannimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غُنِّمْتُ ḡunnimtu | غُنِّمْتَ ḡunnimta | غُنِّمَ ḡunnima | غُنِّمْتُمَا ḡunnimtumā | غُنِّمَا ḡunnimā | غُنِّمْنَا ḡunnimnā | غُنِّمْتُمْ ḡunnimtum | غُنِّمُوا ḡunnimū | |||
f | غُنِّمْتِ ḡunnimti | غُنِّمَتْ ḡunnimat | غُنِّمَتَا ḡunnimatā | غُنِّمْتُنَّ ḡunnimtunna | غُنِّمْنَ ḡunnimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُغَنَّمُ ʾuḡannamu | تُغَنَّمُ tuḡannamu | يُغَنَّمُ yuḡannamu | تُغَنَّمَانِ tuḡannamāni | يُغَنَّمَانِ yuḡannamāni | نُغَنَّمُ nuḡannamu | تُغَنَّمُونَ tuḡannamūna | يُغَنَّمُونَ yuḡannamūna | |||
f | تُغَنَّمِينَ tuḡannamīna | تُغَنَّمُ tuḡannamu | تُغَنَّمَانِ tuḡannamāni | تُغَنَّمْنَ tuḡannamna | يُغَنَّمْنَ yuḡannamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُغَنَّمَ ʾuḡannama | تُغَنَّمَ tuḡannama | يُغَنَّمَ yuḡannama | تُغَنَّمَا tuḡannamā | يُغَنَّمَا yuḡannamā | نُغَنَّمَ nuḡannama | تُغَنَّمُوا tuḡannamū | يُغَنَّمُوا yuḡannamū | |||
f | تُغَنَّمِي tuḡannamī | تُغَنَّمَ tuḡannama | تُغَنَّمَا tuḡannamā | تُغَنَّمْنَ tuḡannamna | يُغَنَّمْنَ yuḡannamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُغَنَّمْ ʾuḡannam | تُغَنَّمْ tuḡannam | يُغَنَّمْ yuḡannam | تُغَنَّمَا tuḡannamā | يُغَنَّمَا yuḡannamā | نُغَنَّمْ nuḡannam | تُغَنَّمُوا tuḡannamū | يُغَنَّمُوا yuḡannamū | |||
f | تُغَنَّمِي tuḡannamī | تُغَنَّمْ tuḡannam | تُغَنَّمَا tuḡannamā | تُغَنَّمْنَ tuḡannamna | يُغَنَّمْنَ yuḡannamna |
Noun
غَنَم • (ḡanam) f (collective, plural أَغْنَام (ʾaḡnām))
- (collective) sheep; goat
- 7th century CE, Riyāḍ as-Ṣālihīn, 9:80:
- إنما يأكل الذئب من الغنم القاصية.
- The wolf eats up a solitary sheep that stays far from the flock.
-
- (collective) small cattle
Declension
Declension of noun غَنَم (ḡanam)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غَنَم ḡanam | الْغَنَم al-ḡanam | غَنَم ḡanam |
Nominative | غَنَمٌ ḡanamun | الْغَنَمُ al-ḡanamu | غَنَمُ ḡanamu |
Accusative | غَنَمًا ḡanaman | الْغَنَمَ al-ḡanama | غَنَمَ ḡanama |
Genitive | غَنَمٍ ḡanamin | الْغَنَمِ al-ḡanami | غَنَمِ ḡanami |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | غَنَمَيْن ḡanamayn | الْغَنَمَيْن al-ḡanamayn | غَنَمَيْ ḡanamay |
Nominative | غَنَمَانِ ḡanamāni | الْغَنَمَانِ al-ḡanamāni | غَنَمَا ḡanamā |
Accusative | غَنَمَيْنِ ḡanamayni | الْغَنَمَيْنِ al-ḡanamayni | غَنَمَيْ ḡanamay |
Genitive | غَنَمَيْنِ ḡanamayni | الْغَنَمَيْنِ al-ḡanamayni | غَنَمَيْ ḡanamay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَغْنَام ʾaḡnām | الْأَغْنَام al-ʾaḡnām | أَغْنَام ʾaḡnām |
Nominative | أَغْنَامٌ ʾaḡnāmun | الْأَغْنَامُ al-ʾaḡnāmu | أَغْنَامُ ʾaḡnāmu |
Accusative | أَغْنَامًا ʾaḡnāman | الْأَغْنَامَ al-ʾaḡnāma | أَغْنَامَ ʾaḡnāma |
Genitive | أَغْنَامٍ ʾaḡnāmin | الْأَغْنَامِ al-ʾaḡnāmi | أَغْنَامِ ʾaḡnāmi |
Synonyms
- شَاء (šāʾ)
Noun
غَنَم or غُنْم or غَنْم • (ḡanam or ḡunm or ḡanm) m
- verbal noun of غَنِمَ (ḡanima) (form I)
Declension
Declension of noun غَنَم (ḡanam); غُنْم (ḡunm); غَنْم (ḡanm)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غَنَم; غُنْم; غَنْم ḡanam; ḡunm; ḡanm | الْغَنَم; الْغُنْم; الْغَنْم al-ḡanam; al-ḡunm; al-ḡanm | غَنَم; غُنْم; غَنْم ḡanam; ḡunm; ḡanm |
Nominative | غَنَمٌ; غُنْمٌ; غَنْمٌ ḡanamun; ḡunmun; ḡanmun | الْغَنَمُ; الْغُنْمُ; الْغَنْمُ al-ḡanamu; al-ḡunmu; al-ḡanmu | غَنَمُ; غُنْمُ; غَنْمُ ḡanamu; ḡunmu; ḡanmu |
Accusative | غَنَمًا; غُنْمًا; غَنْمًا ḡanaman; ḡunman; ḡanman | الْغَنَمَ; الْغُنْمَ; الْغَنْمَ al-ḡanama; al-ḡunma; al-ḡanma | غَنَمَ; غُنْمَ; غَنْمَ ḡanama; ḡunma; ḡanma |
Genitive | غَنَمٍ; غُنْمٍ; غَنْمٍ ḡanamin; ḡunmin; ḡanmin | الْغَنَمِ; الْغُنْمِ; الْغَنْمِ al-ḡanami; al-ḡunmi; al-ḡanmi | غَنَمِ; غُنْمِ; غَنْمِ ḡanami; ḡunmi; ḡanmi |
References
- Freytag, Georg (1835), “غنم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 299
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “غنم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “غنم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 929
Pashto
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian [Term?].
Compare Parthian 𐫃𐫗𐫅𐫇𐫖 (gndwm /gandum/), Sogdian 𐼲𐼻𐽂𐼺 (γntm /γandam/), Northern Kurdish genim, Persian گندم (gandom), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gaṇtuma), 𐬔𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gantuma), Sanskrit गोधूम (godhūma).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣa.nəm/
Noun
غنم • (ǧanëm) m (plural غنم)
- wheat
Declension
declension of غنم
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
direct | غنم (ǧanëm) | غنم (ǧanëm) | |
oblique | {{{3}}}و ({{{4}}}o) | {{{3}}}و ({{{4}}}o) | |
vocative | غنم (ǧanëm) | غنم (ǧanëm) |
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic غَنَم (ḡanam).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣa.nam/, [ˈɣa.nam]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Noun
غنم • (ḡanam) m (collective, singulative غنمة f (ḡaname))
- (collective) sheep
- Synonym: خرفان (ḵerfān)
- (collective) sheep and goats