غلس
Arabic
Etymology
From the root غ ل س (ḡ-l-s); compare Tigre ቀለስ (ḳäläs, “today's morning, this morning”).
Noun
غَلَس • (ḡalas) m (plural أَغْلَاس (ʾaḡlās))
- the timespan between daybreak and sunrise; the morning twilight, the morning half-light; dawn
- Synonym: فَجْر (fajr, “dawn”)
- Coordinate term: شَفَق (šafaq, “the evening twilight; afterglow”)
Declension
Declension of noun غَلَس (ḡalas)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غَلَس ḡalas | الْغَلَس al-ḡalas | غَلَس ḡalas |
Nominative | غَلَسٌ ḡalasun | الْغَلَسُ al-ḡalasu | غَلَسُ ḡalasu |
Accusative | غَلَسًا ḡalasan | الْغَلَسَ al-ḡalasa | غَلَسَ ḡalasa |
Genitive | غَلَسٍ ḡalasin | الْغَلَسِ al-ḡalasi | غَلَسِ ḡalasi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | غَلَسَيْن ḡalasayn | الْغَلَسَيْن al-ḡalasayn | غَلَسَيْ ḡalasay |
Nominative | غَلَسَانِ ḡalasāni | الْغَلَسَانِ al-ḡalasāni | غَلَسَا ḡalasā |
Accusative | غَلَسَيْنِ ḡalasayni | الْغَلَسَيْنِ al-ḡalasayni | غَلَسَيْ ḡalasay |
Genitive | غَلَسَيْنِ ḡalasayni | الْغَلَسَيْنِ al-ḡalasayni | غَلَسَيْ ḡalasay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَغْلَاس ʾaḡlās | الْأَغْلَاس al-ʾaḡlās | أَغْلَاس ʾaḡlās |
Nominative | أَغْلَاسٌ ʾaḡlāsun | الْأَغْلَاسُ al-ʾaḡlāsu | أَغْلَاسُ ʾaḡlāsu |
Accusative | أَغْلَاسًا ʾaḡlāsan | الْأَغْلَاسَ al-ʾaḡlāsa | أَغْلَاسَ ʾaḡlāsa |
Genitive | أَغْلَاسٍ ʾaḡlāsin | الْأَغْلَاسِ al-ʾaḡlāsi | أَغْلَاسِ ʾaḡlāsi |
Verb
غَلَّسَ • (ḡallasa) II, non-past يُغَلِّسُ (yuḡallisu)
- (intransitive) to journey in the darkness of the last part of the night
- (transitive) to perform in the darkness of the last part of the night
Conjugation
Conjugation of
غَلَّسَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَغْلِيس taḡlīs | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُغَلِّس muḡallis | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُغَلَّس muḡallas | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غَلَّسْتُ ḡallastu | غَلَّسْتَ ḡallasta | غَلَّسَ ḡallasa | غَلَّسْتُمَا ḡallastumā | غَلَّسَا ḡallasā | غَلَّسْنَا ḡallasnā | غَلَّسْتُمْ ḡallastum | غَلَّسُوا ḡallasū | |||
f | غَلَّسْتِ ḡallasti | غَلَّسَتْ ḡallasat | غَلَّسَتَا ḡallasatā | غَلَّسْتُنَّ ḡallastunna | غَلَّسْنَ ḡallasna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُغَلِّسُ ʾuḡallisu | تُغَلِّسُ tuḡallisu | يُغَلِّسُ yuḡallisu | تُغَلِّسَانِ tuḡallisāni | يُغَلِّسَانِ yuḡallisāni | نُغَلِّسُ nuḡallisu | تُغَلِّسُونَ tuḡallisūna | يُغَلِّسُونَ yuḡallisūna | |||
f | تُغَلِّسِينَ tuḡallisīna | تُغَلِّسُ tuḡallisu | تُغَلِّسَانِ tuḡallisāni | تُغَلِّسْنَ tuḡallisna | يُغَلِّسْنَ yuḡallisna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُغَلِّسَ ʾuḡallisa | تُغَلِّسَ tuḡallisa | يُغَلِّسَ yuḡallisa | تُغَلِّسَا tuḡallisā | يُغَلِّسَا yuḡallisā | نُغَلِّسَ nuḡallisa | تُغَلِّسُوا tuḡallisū | يُغَلِّسُوا yuḡallisū | |||
f | تُغَلِّسِي tuḡallisī | تُغَلِّسَ tuḡallisa | تُغَلِّسَا tuḡallisā | تُغَلِّسْنَ tuḡallisna | يُغَلِّسْنَ yuḡallisna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُغَلِّسْ ʾuḡallis | تُغَلِّسْ tuḡallis | يُغَلِّسْ yuḡallis | تُغَلِّسَا tuḡallisā | يُغَلِّسَا yuḡallisā | نُغَلِّسْ nuḡallis | تُغَلِّسُوا tuḡallisū | يُغَلِّسُوا yuḡallisū | |||
f | تُغَلِّسِي tuḡallisī | تُغَلِّسْ tuḡallis | تُغَلِّسَا tuḡallisā | تُغَلِّسْنَ tuḡallisna | يُغَلِّسْنَ yuḡallisna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | غَلِّسْ ḡallis | غَلِّسَا ḡallisā | غَلِّسُوا ḡallisū | ||||||||
f | غَلِّسِي ḡallisī | غَلِّسْنَ ḡallisna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | غُلِّسْتُ ḡullistu | غُلِّسْتَ ḡullista | غُلِّسَ ḡullisa | غُلِّسْتُمَا ḡullistumā | غُلِّسَا ḡullisā | غُلِّسْنَا ḡullisnā | غُلِّسْتُمْ ḡullistum | غُلِّسُوا ḡullisū | |||
f | غُلِّسْتِ ḡullisti | غُلِّسَتْ ḡullisat | غُلِّسَتَا ḡullisatā | غُلِّسْتُنَّ ḡullistunna | غُلِّسْنَ ḡullisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُغَلَّسُ ʾuḡallasu | تُغَلَّسُ tuḡallasu | يُغَلَّسُ yuḡallasu | تُغَلَّسَانِ tuḡallasāni | يُغَلَّسَانِ yuḡallasāni | نُغَلَّسُ nuḡallasu | تُغَلَّسُونَ tuḡallasūna | يُغَلَّسُونَ yuḡallasūna | |||
f | تُغَلَّسِينَ tuḡallasīna | تُغَلَّسُ tuḡallasu | تُغَلَّسَانِ tuḡallasāni | تُغَلَّسْنَ tuḡallasna | يُغَلَّسْنَ yuḡallasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُغَلَّسَ ʾuḡallasa | تُغَلَّسَ tuḡallasa | يُغَلَّسَ yuḡallasa | تُغَلَّسَا tuḡallasā | يُغَلَّسَا yuḡallasā | نُغَلَّسَ nuḡallasa | تُغَلَّسُوا tuḡallasū | يُغَلَّسُوا yuḡallasū | |||
f | تُغَلَّسِي tuḡallasī | تُغَلَّسَ tuḡallasa | تُغَلَّسَا tuḡallasā | تُغَلَّسْنَ tuḡallasna | يُغَلَّسْنَ yuḡallasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُغَلَّسْ ʾuḡallas | تُغَلَّسْ tuḡallas | يُغَلَّسْ yuḡallas | تُغَلَّسَا tuḡallasā | يُغَلَّسَا yuḡallasā | نُغَلَّسْ nuḡallas | تُغَلَّسُوا tuḡallasū | يُغَلَّسُوا yuḡallasū | |||
f | تُغَلَّسِي tuḡallasī | تُغَلَّسْ tuḡallas | تُغَلَّسَا tuḡallasā | تُغَلَّسْنَ tuḡallasna | يُغَلَّسْنَ yuḡallasna |
References
- Freytag, Georg (1835), “غلس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 289a
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “غلس”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 491b–492a
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “غلس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 2281b–c