ظالم
Arabic
Etymology
From the root ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ðˤaː.lim/
Adjective
ظَالِم • (ẓālim) (feminine ظَالِمَةٌ (ẓālimatun), masculine plural ظَالِمُونَ (ẓālimūna) or ظُلَّام (ẓullām) or ظَلَمَة (ẓalama), feminine plural ظَالِمَات (ẓālimāt))
- active participle of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama)
- unjust; tyrannical, oppressing, iniquitous
- Synonym: غَاشِم (ḡāšim)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 18:35:
- وَدَخَلَ جَنَّتَهُ وَهُوَ ظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ قَالَ مَا أَظُنُّ أَن تَبِيدَ هَٰذِهِ أَبَدًا
- wadaḵala jannatahu wahuwa ẓālimun llinafsihi qāla mā ʾaẓunnu ʾan tabīda hāḏihi ʾabadan
- And he entered his garden while he was unjust to himself. He said, "I do not think that this will perish - ever.
- unjust; tyrannical, oppressing, iniquitous
Declension
Declension of adjective ظَالِم (ẓālim)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ظَالِم ẓālim | الظَّالِم aẓ-ẓālim | ظَالِمَة ẓālima | الظَّالِمَة aẓ-ẓālima |
Nominative | ظَالِمٌ ẓālimun | الظَّالِمُ aẓ-ẓālimu | ظَالِمَةٌ ẓālimatun | الظَّالِمَةُ aẓ-ẓālimatu |
Accusative | ظَالِمًا ẓāliman | الظَّالِمَ aẓ-ẓālima | ظَالِمَةً ẓālimatan | الظَّالِمَةَ aẓ-ẓālimata |
Genitive | ظَالِمٍ ẓālimin | الظَّالِمِ aẓ-ẓālimi | ظَالِمَةٍ ẓālimatin | الظَّالِمَةِ aẓ-ẓālimati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ظَالِمَيْن ẓālimayn | الظَّالِمَيْن aẓ-ẓālimayn | ظَالِمَتَيْن ẓālimatayn | الظَّالِمَتَيْن aẓ-ẓālimatayn |
Nominative | ظَالِمَانِ ẓālimāni | الظَّالِمَانِ aẓ-ẓālimāni | ظَالِمَتَانِ ẓālimatāni | الظَّالِمَتَانِ aẓ-ẓālimatāni |
Accusative | ظَالِمَيْنِ ẓālimayni | الظَّالِمَيْنِ aẓ-ẓālimayni | ظَالِمَتَيْنِ ẓālimatayni | الظَّالِمَتَيْنِ aẓ-ẓālimatayni |
Genitive | ظَالِمَيْنِ ẓālimayni | الظَّالِمَيْنِ aẓ-ẓālimayni | ظَالِمَتَيْنِ ẓālimatayni | الظَّالِمَتَيْنِ aẓ-ẓālimatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural; basic broken plural triptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ظَالِمِين; ظُلَّام; ظَلَمَة ẓālimīn; ẓullām; ẓalama | الظَّالِمِين; الظُّلَّام; الظَّلَمَة aẓ-ẓālimīn; aẓ-ẓullām; aẓ-ẓalama | ظَالِمَات ẓālimāt | الظَّالِمَات aẓ-ẓālimāt |
Nominative | ظَالِمُونَ; ظُلَّامٌ; ظَلَمَةٌ ẓālimūna; ẓullāmun; ẓalamatun | الظَّالِمُونَ; الظُّلَّامُ; الظَّلَمَةُ aẓ-ẓālimūna; aẓ-ẓullāmu; aẓ-ẓalamatu | ظَالِمَاتٌ ẓālimātun | الظَّالِمَاتُ aẓ-ẓālimātu |
Accusative | ظَالِمِينَ; ظُلَّامًا; ظَلَمَةً ẓālimīna; ẓullāman; ẓalamatan | الظَّالِمِينَ; الظُّلَّامَ; الظَّلَمَةَ aẓ-ẓālimīna; aẓ-ẓullāma; aẓ-ẓalamata | ظَالِمَاتٍ ẓālimātin | الظَّالِمَاتِ aẓ-ẓālimāti |
Genitive | ظَالِمِينَ; ظُلَّامٍ; ظَلَمَةٍ ẓālimīna; ẓullāmin; ẓalamatin | الظَّالِمِينَ; الظُّلَّامِ; الظَّلَمَةِ aẓ-ẓālimīna; aẓ-ẓullāmi; aẓ-ẓalamati | ظَالِمَاتٍ ẓālimātin | الظَّالِمَاتِ aẓ-ẓālimāti |
References
- Baalbaki, Rohi (1995), “ظالم”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
- Баранов, Х. К. (2011), “ظالم”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “ظالم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
- Wehr, Hans (1960), “ظالم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz
Kohistani Shina
Noun
ظالم (zālim)
- oppressor, unjust, dictator, tyrannical, wrongdoer
Munji
Noun
ظالم (zālim)
- oppressor
Urdu
Noun
ظالم • (zālim) ? (Hindi spelling ज़ालिम)
- oppressor, unjust, dictator, tyrannical, wrongdoer
Ushojo
Etymology
From Urdu ظالم (zālim).
Noun
ظالم (zālim)
- oppressor, unjust, dictator, tyrannical, wrongdoer
- oppressive
Yidgha
Noun
ظالم (zālim)
- oppressor