شیر

شیر

See also: شێر‎, سیر‎, سير‎, and ـسز‎

Baluchi

Noun

شیر • (šír)

1. milk

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Central Kurdish

شیر

Etymology

Cognate with Persian شیر‎ (šīr).

Noun

شیر (şîr)

1. milk (the liquid)

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Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Punjabi شیر‎ (śer).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃeːr/

Noun

شیر • (śēr) m (Devanagari शेर)

1. tiger

   Synonym: سٕہہ‎ (sụhh)

Verb

شیر • (śēr)

1. imperative singular of شیرُن‎ (śērun, “to fix, repair”)

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Persian

‏یک شیرِ نرِ آفریقایی‎ ― A male African lion

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫢𐫃𐫡‎ (šgr /šagr, šēr/, “lion; (astronomy) Leo”).

Sense 2 is from the fact that the first taps in Iran looked like lions heads.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /ʃeɾ/

Noun

Dari	شیر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	шер (šer)

شیر • (šir or šêr) (plural شیرها‎ (šir-hâ) or شیران‎ (širân))

1. lion

   Synonyms: ارسلان‎ (arsalân), اسد‎ (asad)

2. faucet, tap
3. (India) tiger (sometimes also applied to the leopard)

Derived terms

• شیرمَرد‎ (širmard, “hero, gallant”)
• شیرزَن‎ (širzan, “lioness, heroine”)
• شیرفَش‎ (širfaš, “lionlike, leonine”)
• شیراَفکَن‎ (šir-afkan, “lion-slayer”)
• شیراَوژَن‎ (šir-owžan, “lion-slayer”)
• شیردِل‎ (šir-del, “lionheart”)
• شیردال‎ (šir-dâl, “griffin”)
• شیرِ کوهی‎ (šir-e-kuhi, “puma”)
• شیرِ دَریایی‎ (šir-e-daryâyi, “sea lion”)
• تولِه‌شیر‎ (tule-šir, “lion cub”)
• شیرماهی‎ (šir-mâhi, “Spanish mackerel”)
• شیرشاه‎ (šir-šâh, “Lion King”)
• شیر و خوَرشید‎ (šir-o-xoršid, “Lion and Sun”)
• شیر یا خَط‎ (šir-yâ-xat, “heads or tails”)
• شیر شُدَن‎ (šir šodan, “to summon up the courage”)
• شیر کَردَن‎ (šir kardan, “to incite, provoke”)

Proper noun

شیر • (šêr)

1. (astronomy) Leo

   Synonym: اَسَد‎ (asad)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “šagr, šēr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, pages 78–79

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (HLḆA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (šyl), 𐫢𐫏𐫏𐫡‎ (šyyr /šīr/, “milk”), from Proto-Iranian *xšiHrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /ʃiɾ/

Noun

Dari	شیر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	шир (šir)

شیر • (šir)

1. milk
   • ‏کمی شیر اضافه کن‎

     kami šir ezâfe kon

     Add a little milk.

Inflection

Possessive forms of شیر (šir)
	singular	plural
1st person (“my, our”)	شیرم‎ (širam)	شیرمان‎ (širemân) [Term?]△ (širemun)
2nd person (“your”)	شیرت‎ (širat) [Term?]△ (širet)	شیرتان‎ (širetân) [Term?]△ (širetun)
3rd person (“his, her, its, their”)	شیرش‎ (širaš) [Term?]△ (šireš)	شیرشان‎ (širešân) [Term?]△ (širešun)
△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

• هَمشیرِه‎ (hamšire)

Descendants

• → Bengali: শের (śer)
• → Gilaki: شیر‎ (šīr)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: शीर (śīr)

  Urdu: شیر‎ (šīr)

• → Ottoman Turkish: شیر‎ (şîr)
  • Turkish: şir
• Uzbek: sher

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “šīr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90

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Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian شیر‎ (šēr).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

Noun

شیر • (śer) m (Hindi spelling शेर)

1. lion

   Synonym: سنگھ‎ (sĩṅgh)

2. tiger

   Synonym: باگھ‎ (bāgh)

Declension

Declension of شیر
	singular	plural
direct	شیر‎ (śer)	شیر‎ (śer)
oblique	شیر‎ (śer)	شیروں‎ (śerō̃)
vocative	شیر‎ (śer)	شیرو‎ (śerō)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian شیر‎ (šir).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

Noun

شیر • (śīr) m (Hindi spelling शीर)

1. milk

   Synonym: دودھ‎ (dūdh)