شيرة
Arabic
Alternative forms
- شَيْرَى (šayrā), شَيْرُون (šayrūn)
Etymology
Surely an Aramaic borrowing, with varying reflex of the emphatic state and -ōn diminutive ending, probably a particular sense of שֵׁירָא / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ (šērā), otherwise known as “bracelet” like سِوَار (siwār) and also a kind of ring-shaped restraint around the head of a beast.
There is also Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּגְרְיָא (šūgrəyā, “basket woven of palm-leaves for dates”), derived from Akkadian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru5 /šugrû/, “basket; a processed form of dates”) and that from Sumerian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru5), passed also into Arabic as شَوْغَرَة (šawḡara, “pannier of dates”).
شَجَر (šajar), also vocalized in a foreign fashion شِجَر (šijar) and شِجَار (šijār), used in the meaning “fig trees” in al-Andalus and Morocco, may be a kindred borrowing, the etymon being attested as שִׁיגְרָא, שִׁגְרָא (šiḡrā, “dried or pressed dates”). As in ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruits”) against تَمْر (tamr, “dates”), the meaning has then generalized from “figs” to “trees”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃaj.ra/
Noun
شَيْرَة • (šayra) f (plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt))
- threaded fillet of sparterie for the transport as well as sale of figs, pannier, two-handed frail
Declension
| Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | شَيْرَة šayra | الشَّيْرَة aš-šayra | شَيْرَة šayrat |
| Nominative | شَيْرَةٌ šayratun | الشَّيْرَةُ aš-šayratu | شَيْرَةُ šayratu |
| Accusative | شَيْرَةً šayratan | الشَّيْرَةَ aš-šayrata | شَيْرَةَ šayrata |
| Genitive | شَيْرَةٍ šayratin | الشَّيْرَةِ aš-šayrati | شَيْرَةِ šayrati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | شَيْرَتَيْن šayratayn | الشَّيْرَتَيْن aš-šayratayn | شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
| Nominative | شَيْرَتَانِ šayratāni | الشَّيْرَتَانِ aš-šayratāni | شَيْرَتَا šayratā |
| Accusative | شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni | الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni | شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
| Genitive | شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni | الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni | شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
| Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | شَيْرَات šayrāt | الشَّيْرَات aš-šayrāt | شَيْرَات šayrāt |
| Nominative | شَيْرَاتٌ šayrātun | الشَّيْرَاتُ aš-šayrātu | شَيْرَاتُ šayrātu |
| Accusative | شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin | الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti | شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti |
| Genitive | شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin | الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti | شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti |
Quotations
- شَيْرَة (šayra)
- 1871, Schiaparelli, Celestino, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 127:
- plural شَوَارِيّ (šawāriyy) of شَيْرَى (šayrā)
- a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique, number 2, published 1934, page 225 (٣٣) line 3 and 226 (٣٤) 16:
- diminutive شَيْرُون (šayrūn) and شَوَارِن (šawārin) (with dialectal shortening)
- 1871, Schiaparelli, Celestino, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 589:
- plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt)
- a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique, number 2, published 1934, page 233 (٤١) 1:
- a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique, number 2, published 1934, page 236 (٤٤) 6:
References
- Corriente, Federico; Pereira, Christophe; Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017) Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, page 747
- Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29), Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, LCCN 96052434, page 298a
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 78, where the Löw reference allegedly page 18 is Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 124 Nr. 78
- Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135), “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique (in French), issue 2, published 1934, page 277
- Sokoloff, Michael (2002), “שׁוּגְרְיָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 1115b
- “šwgry)”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “šuguru”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary, University of Pennsylvania, 2006
Gulf Arabic
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -rə
Etymology 1
From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”).
Noun
شْيَرَة • (šyara) f (plural شِيَر (šiyar))
- tree
Etymology 2
From Persian شیره (šire).
Noun
شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (šīrāt) or شير (šiyar)) (usually uncountable)
- syrup
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
From Persian شیره (šire).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃiːra/
Noun
شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (širāt))
- syrup