شيخ
See also: شیخ and سیخ
Arabic
Etymology
From the root ش ي خ (š-y-ḵ), related to the verb شَاخَ (šāḵa, “to age, to grow old”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃajx/
- (Egyptian) IPA(key): /ʃeːx/
Noun
شَيْخ • (šayḵ) m (plural شُيُوخ (šuyūḵ) or أَشْيَاخ (ʾašyāḵ) or مَشْيَخَة (mašyaḵa) or مَشَايِخ (mašāyiḵ))
- old man
- elderly gentleman, elder
- sheik, chief, chieftain, patriarch
- senator
- sheik; Dr.; professor (title of professors and spiritual leaders)
- sir (respectful title of address)
- master (someone outstanding or excellent)
- شَيْخُ الشَّباب ― šayḵu š-šabāb ― the greatest of all guys (literally, “the master of youths”)
Declension
Declension of noun شَيْخ (šayḵ)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَيْخ šayḵ | الشَّيْخ aš-šayḵ | شَيْخ šayḵ |
Nominative | شَيْخٌ šayḵun | الشَّيْخُ aš-šayḵu | شَيْخُ šayḵu |
Accusative | شَيْخًا šayḵan | الشَّيْخَ aš-šayḵa | شَيْخَ šayḵa |
Genitive | شَيْخٍ šayḵin | الشَّيْخِ aš-šayḵi | شَيْخِ šayḵi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَيْخَيْن šayḵayn | الشَّيْخَيْن aš-šayḵayn | شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Nominative | شَيْخَانِ šayḵāni | الشَّيْخَانِ aš-šayḵāni | شَيْخَا šayḵā |
Accusative | شَيْخَيْنِ šayḵayni | الشَّيْخَيْنِ aš-šayḵayni | شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Genitive | شَيْخَيْنِ šayḵayni | الشَّيْخَيْنِ aš-šayḵayni | شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُيُوخ; أَشْيَاخ; مَشْيَخَة; مَشَايِخ; مَشَائِخ šuyūḵ; ʾašyāḵ; mašyaḵa; mašāyiḵ; mašāʾiḵ | الشُّيُوخ; الْأَشْيَاخ; الْمَشْيَخَة; الْمَشَايِخ; الْمَشَائِخ aš-šuyūḵ; al-ʾašyāḵ; al-mašyaḵa; al-mašāyiḵ; al-mašāʾiḵ | شُيُوخ; أَشْيَاخ; مَشْيَخَة; مَشَايِخ; مَشَائِخ šuyūḵ; ʾašyāḵ; mašyaḵat; mašāyiḵ; mašāʾiḵ |
Nominative | شُيُوخٌ; أَشْيَاخٌ; مَشْيَخَةٌ; مَشَايِخُ; مَشَائِخُ šuyūḵun; ʾašyāḵun; mašyaḵatun; mašāyiḵu; mašāʾiḵu | الشُّيُوخُ; الْأَشْيَاخُ; الْمَشْيَخَةُ; الْمَشَايِخُ; الْمَشَائِخُ aš-šuyūḵu; al-ʾašyāḵu; al-mašyaḵatu; al-mašāyiḵu; al-mašāʾiḵu | شُيُوخُ; أَشْيَاخُ; مَشْيَخَةُ; مَشَايِخُ; مَشَائِخُ šuyūḵu; ʾašyāḵu; mašyaḵatu; mašāyiḵu; mašāʾiḵu |
Accusative | شُيُوخًا; أَشْيَاخًا; مَشْيَخَةً; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵan; ʾašyāḵan; mašyaḵatan; mašāyiḵa; mašāʾiḵa | الشُّيُوخَ; الْأَشْيَاخَ; الْمَشْيَخَةَ; الْمَشَايِخَ; الْمَشَائِخَ aš-šuyūḵa; al-ʾašyāḵa; al-mašyaḵata; al-mašāyiḵa; al-mašāʾiḵa | شُيُوخَ; أَشْيَاخَ; مَشْيَخَةَ; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵa; ʾašyāḵa; mašyaḵata; mašāyiḵa; mašāʾiḵa |
Genitive | شُيُوخٍ; أَشْيَاخٍ; مَشْيَخَةٍ; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵin; ʾašyāḵin; mašyaḵatin; mašāyiḵa; mašāʾiḵa | الشُّيُوخِ; الْأَشْيَاخِ; الْمَشْيَخَةِ; الْمَشَايِخِ; الْمَشَائِخِ aš-šuyūḵi; al-ʾašyāḵi; al-mašyaḵati; al-mašāyiḵi; al-mašāʾiḵi | شُيُوخِ; أَشْيَاخِ; مَشْيَخَةِ; مَشَايِخِ; مَشَائِخِ šuyūḵi; ʾašyāḵi; mašyaḵati; mašāyiḵi; mašāʾiḵi |
Descendants
- Andalusian Arabic: شيخ (šéḵ)
- → Catalan: xeic
- → Old Spanish: xeque
- Spanish: jeque
- → Tagalog: heke
- Spanish: jeque
- Maltese: xiħ
- → Bengali: শেখ (śekh)
- → Chinese: 謝赫
- → Classical Syriac: ܫܝܟ (šayḵ)
- → Czech: šejk
- → Dutch: sjeik
- → English: sheik, sheikh
- → Esperanto: ŝejĥo
- → French: cheikh
- → Hungarian: sejk
- → German: Scheich
- → Hausa: shaihī̀, shēhū̀
- → Faroese: sjeikur
- → Italian: sceicco
- → Northern Kurdish: şêx
- → Norwegian Bokmål: sjeik
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: sjeik
- → Ottoman Turkish: شیخ
- Turkish: şeyh
- → Romanian: șeic
- → Persian: شیخ (šeykh)
- → Azerbaijani: şeyx
- → Kholosi: šēx
- → Urdu: شیخ (śaix)
- → Polish: szejk
- → Russian: шейх (šejx)
- → Swahili: shehe, sheik
- → Chichewa: shéhe
- → Swedish: shejk
- → Yiddish: שייך (sheykh)
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “شيخ”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN