شكر
See also: سکر, سكر, سكز, شکر, and ش ك ر
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root ش ك ر (š-k-r). Compare Hebrew שכר.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
شَكَرَ • (šakara) I, non-past يَشْكُرُ (yaškuru)
- to thank, to be thankful, to be grateful
- شَكَرَ لَهُ عَمَلَهُ ― šakara lahu ʿamalahu ― He thanked him for his work.
- to praise, to laud, to extol
- to acknowledge, to acknowledge goodness
Conjugation
Conjugation of
شَكَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns شُكْر or شُكْرَان)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر | شُكْر or شُكْرَان šukr or šukrān | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | شَاكِر šākir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مَشْكُور maškūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | شَكَرْتُ šakartu | شَكَرْتَ šakarta | شَكَرَ šakara | شَكَرْتُمَا šakartumā | شَكَرَا šakarā | شَكَرْنَا šakarnā | شَكَرْتُمْ šakartum | شَكَرُوا šakarū | |||
f | شَكَرْتِ šakarti | شَكَرَتْ šakarat | شَكَرَتَا šakaratā | شَكَرْتُنَّ šakartunna | شَكَرْنَ šakarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أَشْكُرُ ʾaškuru | تَشْكُرُ taškuru | يَشْكُرُ yaškuru | تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni | يَشْكُرَانِ yaškurāni | نَشْكُرُ naškuru | تَشْكُرُونَ taškurūna | يَشْكُرُونَ yaškurūna | |||
f | تَشْكُرِينَ taškurīna | تَشْكُرُ taškuru | تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni | تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna | يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أَشْكُرَ ʾaškura | تَشْكُرَ taškura | يَشْكُرَ yaškura | تَشْكُرَا taškurā | يَشْكُرَا yaškurā | نَشْكُرَ naškura | تَشْكُرُوا taškurū | يَشْكُرُوا yaškurū | |||
f | تَشْكُرِي taškurī | تَشْكُرَ taškura | تَشْكُرَا taškurā | تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna | يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أَشْكُرْ ʾaškur | تَشْكُرْ taškur | يَشْكُرْ yaškur | تَشْكُرَا taškurā | يَشْكُرَا yaškurā | نَشْكُرْ naškur | تَشْكُرُوا taškurū | يَشْكُرُوا yaškurū | |||
f | تَشْكُرِي taškurī | تَشْكُرْ taškur | تَشْكُرَا taškurā | تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna | يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | اُشْكُرْ uškur | اُشْكُرَا uškurā | اُشْكُرُوا uškurū | ||||||||
f | اُشْكُرِي uškurī | اُشْكُرْنَ uškurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | شُكِرْتُ šukirtu | شُكِرْتَ šukirta | شُكِرَ šukira | شُكِرْتُمَا šukirtumā | شُكِرَا šukirā | شُكِرْنَا šukirnā | شُكِرْتُمْ šukirtum | شُكِرُوا šukirū | |||
f | شُكِرْتِ šukirti | شُكِرَتْ šukirat | شُكِرَتَا šukiratā | شُكِرْتُنَّ šukirtunna | شُكِرْنَ šukirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُشْكَرُ ʾuškaru | تُشْكَرُ tuškaru | يُشْكَرُ yuškaru | تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni | يُشْكَرَانِ yuškarāni | نُشْكَرُ nuškaru | تُشْكَرُونَ tuškarūna | يُشْكَرُونَ yuškarūna | |||
f | تُشْكَرِينَ tuškarīna | تُشْكَرُ tuškaru | تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni | تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna | يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُشْكَرَ ʾuškara | تُشْكَرَ tuškara | يُشْكَرَ yuškara | تُشْكَرَا tuškarā | يُشْكَرَا yuškarā | نُشْكَرَ nuškara | تُشْكَرُوا tuškarū | يُشْكَرُوا yuškarū | |||
f | تُشْكَرِي tuškarī | تُشْكَرَ tuškara | تُشْكَرَا tuškarā | تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna | يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُشْكَرْ ʾuškar | تُشْكَرْ tuškar | يُشْكَرْ yuškar | تُشْكَرَا tuškarā | يُشْكَرَا yuškarā | نُشْكَرْ nuškar | تُشْكَرُوا tuškarū | يُشْكَرُوا yuškarū | |||
f | تُشْكَرِي tuškarī | تُشْكَرْ tuškar | تُشْكَرَا tuškarā | تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna | يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna |
Noun
شُكْر • (šukr) m
- verbal noun of شَكَرَ (šakara) (form I)
- thankfulness, gratitude
Declension
Declension of noun شُكْر (šukr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُكْر šukr | الشُّكْر aš-šukr | شُكْر šukr |
Nominative | شُكْرٌ šukrun | الشُّكْرُ aš-šukru | شُكْرُ šukru |
Accusative | شُكْرًا šukran | الشُّكْرَ aš-šukra | شُكْرَ šukra |
Genitive | شُكْرٍ šukrin | الشُّكْرِ aš-šukri | شُكْرِ šukri |
Antonyms
- جُحُود (juḥūd)
Related terms
- شُكْراً (šukran)
- شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya, “Shukriyya (female name)”)
Descendants
- → Bengali: শোকর (śokôr)
- → Persian: شکر (šokr)
- → Turkish: şükür
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
From Persian شکر (šakar), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).
Noun
شكر • (şeker)
- sugar, sucrose obtained by various plants, such as the sugar cane or the sugar beet
- به شکر به شاب ― neither fish nor fowl (literally, “better sugar or alum”)
- sugar-plum, comfit, round or oval piece of candy
- kisses from a beautiful mouth
- sweet, soothing, kind words
- doze, light, short sleep or nap
Derived terms
- شكرجی (şekerci, “confectioner”)
- شكرستان (şekeristan, “plantation of sugar cane”)
- شكرلك (şekerlik, “quality of sugar”)
- شكرلمك (şekerlemek, “to sugar, sweeten”)
- شكرلنمك (şekerlenmek, “to be sugared, sweetened”)
- شكرلو (şekerli, “containing sugar”)
Descendants
- Turkish: şeker
- → Adyghe: шэкэр (šeker)
- → Albanian: sheqer
- → Armenian: շեքեր (šekʿer)
- → Azerbaijani: şəkər
- → Bulgarian: шеке́р (šekér)
- → Central Kurdish: شەکر (şekir)
- → Crimean Tatar: şeker
- → Gagauz: şeker
- → Ladino: sheker
- → Laz: შექერი (şekeri), შეჩერი (şeçeri)
- → Macedonian: шеќер (šeḱer)
- → Northern Kurdish: şekir
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: шећер
- Latin: šećer
- → Zazaki: şeker
Etymology 2
From Arabic شُكْر (šukr).
Noun
شكر • (şükür)
- gratitude, thankfulness
Descendants
- Turkish: şükür
- → Ladino: shukur
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: шућур
- Latin: šućur
Further reading
- Kélékian, Diran (1911), “شكر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 731
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Saccharum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1498
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “شكر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 2839–2840
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “شاب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1106
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “شكر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1131
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ش ك ر |
Etymology
From Arabic شَكَرَ (šakara).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃa.kar/, [ˈʃa.kar]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
شكر • (šakar) (form I, present بشكر (boškor))
- to thank
- أشكرك (formal, to a male) ― ʔaškorak ― I thank you
- أشكرك (formal, to a female) ― ʔaškorek ― I thank you
Conjugation
Conjugation of شكر (šakar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شكرت (šakart) | شكرت (šakart) | شكر (šakar) | شكرنا (šakarna) | شكرتو (šakartu) | شكرو (šakaru) | |
f | شكرتي (šakarti) | شكرت (šakrat) | ||||||
present | m | بشكر (baškor) | بتشكر (btoškor) | بشكر (boškor) | منشكر (mnoškor) | بتشكرو (btoškoru) | بشكرو (boškoru) | |
f | بتشكري (btoškori) | بتشكر (btoškor) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أشكر (ʔaškor) | تشكر (toškor) | يشكر (yoškor) | نشكر (noškor) | تشكرو (toškoru) | يشكرو (yoškoru) | |
f | تشكري (toškori) | تشكر (toškor) | ||||||
imperative | m | اشكر (oškor) | اشكرو (oškoru) | |||||
f | اشكري (oškori) |
See also
- شكرا (šukran, “thanks, thank you”)