شدد
Arabic
Etymology
From the root ش د د (š-d-d).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃad.da.da/
Verb
شَدَّدَ • (šaddada) II, non-past يُشَدِّدُ (yušaddidu)
- (transitive, intransitive with عَلَى (ʿalā)) to intensify; to emphasize; accentuate; to stress
- to maintain; to affirm; to uphold
- (transitive) to harshen (a restriction, a law, a punishment, or the like); to tighten up
- Antonym: خفَّفَ (“to lighten”)
- (transitive) to lengthen (a consonant) in pronunciation, to geminate
- Synonym: ضعَّفَ (“to double”)
- (transitive) to vocalize (a consonant letter) with شَدَّة (šadda, the gemination diacritic)
- (intransitive with عَلَى (ʿalā)) to be strict with; to restrict
- Synonym: ضَيَّقَ (ḍayyaqa)
- to restrict financially, to stint, to scant
Conjugation
Conjugation of
شَدَّدَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَشْدِيد tašdīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُشَدِّد mušaddid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُشَدَّد mušaddad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | شَدَّدْتُ šaddadtu | شَدَّدْتَ šaddadta | شَدَّدَ šaddada | شَدَّدْتُمَا šaddadtumā | شَدَّدَا šaddadā | شَدَّدْنَا šaddadnā | شَدَّدْتُمْ šaddadtum | شَدَّدُوا šaddadū | |||
f | شَدَّدْتِ šaddadti | شَدَّدَتْ šaddadat | شَدَّدَتَا šaddadatā | شَدَّدْتُنَّ šaddadtunna | شَدَّدْنَ šaddadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُشَدِّدُ ʾušaddidu | تُشَدِّدُ tušaddidu | يُشَدِّدُ yušaddidu | تُشَدِّدَانِ tušaddidāni | يُشَدِّدَانِ yušaddidāni | نُشَدِّدُ nušaddidu | تُشَدِّدُونَ tušaddidūna | يُشَدِّدُونَ yušaddidūna | |||
f | تُشَدِّدِينَ tušaddidīna | تُشَدِّدُ tušaddidu | تُشَدِّدَانِ tušaddidāni | تُشَدِّدْنَ tušaddidna | يُشَدِّدْنَ yušaddidna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُشَدِّدَ ʾušaddida | تُشَدِّدَ tušaddida | يُشَدِّدَ yušaddida | تُشَدِّدَا tušaddidā | يُشَدِّدَا yušaddidā | نُشَدِّدَ nušaddida | تُشَدِّدُوا tušaddidū | يُشَدِّدُوا yušaddidū | |||
f | تُشَدِّدِي tušaddidī | تُشَدِّدَ tušaddida | تُشَدِّدَا tušaddidā | تُشَدِّدْنَ tušaddidna | يُشَدِّدْنَ yušaddidna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُشَدِّدْ ʾušaddid | تُشَدِّدْ tušaddid | يُشَدِّدْ yušaddid | تُشَدِّدَا tušaddidā | يُشَدِّدَا yušaddidā | نُشَدِّدْ nušaddid | تُشَدِّدُوا tušaddidū | يُشَدِّدُوا yušaddidū | |||
f | تُشَدِّدِي tušaddidī | تُشَدِّدْ tušaddid | تُشَدِّدَا tušaddidā | تُشَدِّدْنَ tušaddidna | يُشَدِّدْنَ yušaddidna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | شَدِّدْ šaddid | شَدِّدَا šaddidā | شَدِّدُوا šaddidū | ||||||||
f | شَدِّدِي šaddidī | شَدِّدْنَ šaddidna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | شُدِّدْتُ šuddidtu | شُدِّدْتَ šuddidta | شُدِّدَ šuddida | شُدِّدْتُمَا šuddidtumā | شُدِّدَا šuddidā | شُدِّدْنَا šuddidnā | شُدِّدْتُمْ šuddidtum | شُدِّدُوا šuddidū | |||
f | شُدِّدْتِ šuddidti | شُدِّدَتْ šuddidat | شُدِّدَتَا šuddidatā | شُدِّدْتُنَّ šuddidtunna | شُدِّدْنَ šuddidna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُشَدَّدُ ʾušaddadu | تُشَدَّدُ tušaddadu | يُشَدَّدُ yušaddadu | تُشَدَّدَانِ tušaddadāni | يُشَدَّدَانِ yušaddadāni | نُشَدَّدُ nušaddadu | تُشَدَّدُونَ tušaddadūna | يُشَدَّدُونَ yušaddadūna | |||
f | تُشَدَّدِينَ tušaddadīna | تُشَدَّدُ tušaddadu | تُشَدَّدَانِ tušaddadāni | تُشَدَّدْنَ tušaddadna | يُشَدَّدْنَ yušaddadna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُشَدَّدَ ʾušaddada | تُشَدَّدَ tušaddada | يُشَدَّدَ yušaddada | تُشَدَّدَا tušaddadā | يُشَدَّدَا yušaddadā | نُشَدَّدَ nušaddada | تُشَدَّدُوا tušaddadū | يُشَدَّدُوا yušaddadū | |||
f | تُشَدَّدِي tušaddadī | تُشَدَّدَ tušaddada | تُشَدَّدَا tušaddadā | تُشَدَّدْنَ tušaddadna | يُشَدَّدْنَ yušaddadna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُشَدَّدْ ʾušaddad | تُشَدَّدْ tušaddad | يُشَدَّدْ yušaddad | تُشَدَّدَا tušaddadā | يُشَدَّدَا yušaddadā | نُشَدَّدْ nušaddad | تُشَدَّدُوا tušaddadū | يُشَدَّدُوا yušaddadū | |||
f | تُشَدَّدِي tušaddadī | تُشَدَّدْ tušaddad | تُشَدَّدَا tušaddadā | تُشَدَّدْنَ tušaddadna | يُشَدَّدْنَ yušaddadna |
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “شد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ش د د |
Etymology
From Arabic شَدَّدَ (šaddada).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃad.dad/, [ˈʃad.dad]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
شدّد • (šaddad) (form II, present بشدّد (bišadded))
- to emphasize
- Synonym: أبرز (ʔabraz)
- to be harsh or strict
Conjugation
Conjugation of شدّد (šaddad) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شدّدت (šaddadt) | شدّدت (šaddadt) | شدّد (šaddad) | شدّدنا (šaddadna) | شدّدتو (šaddadtu) | شدّدو (šaddadu) | |
f | شدّدتي (šaddadti) | شدّدت (šaddadat) | ||||||
present | m | بشدّد (bašadded) | بتشدّد (bitšadded) | بشدّد (bišadded) | منشدّد (minšadded) | بتشدّدو (bitšadddu) | بشدّدو (bišadddu) | |
f | بتشدّدي (bitšadddi) | بتشدّد (bitšadded) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اشدّد (ašadded) | تشدّد (tšadded) | يشدّد (yšadded) | نشدّد (nšadded) | تشدّدو (tšadddu) | يشدّدو (yšadddu) | |
f | تشدّدي (tšadddi) | تشدّد (tšadded) | ||||||
imperative | m | شدّد (šadded) | شدّدو (šadddu) | |||||
f | شدّدي (šadddi) |