ش
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Arabic
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *šinn- (“tooth”), the source of سن (sinn). The association of "tooth" with this letter was the result of folk etymology and based on the corresponding Phoenician letter, 𐤔 (š), having a shape resembling a tooth. The letter originally depicted a composite bow, which usually has the tips curving away from the archer when unstrung.[1][2]
Related to Classical Syriac ܫ, Hebrew ש, Phoenician 𐤔 (š), Aramaic ܫ. More at Shin.
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
- The thirteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س (s) and followed by ص (ṣ).
Symbol
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
- The twenty-first letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ر (r) and followed by ت (t).
See also
- (Arabic script letters) ا (ā), ب (b), ت (t), ث (ṯ), ج (j), ح (ḥ), خ (ḵ), د (d), ذ (ḏ), ر (r), ز (z), س (s), ش (š), ص (ṣ), ض (ḍ), ط (ṭ), ظ (ẓ), ع (ʕ), غ (ḡ), ف (f), ق (q), ك (k), ل (l), م (m), ن (n), ه (h), و (w), ي (y)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search en.wiktionary.org for articles beginning with: ش
References
- “shin”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- Albright, W. F. (1948). "The Early Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 110 (110): 6–22 [p. 15].
Balti
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃ/, [ʃ]
Letter
ش (š)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Burushaski
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɕ/, [ɕ]
Letter
ش (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Chinese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʂ/, [ʂ], [ɕ]
Letter
ش
- The eighteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.
Usage notes
- This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initial x-.
Kashmiri
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س (s)
- Next letter: ص
Kazakh
Cyrillic | Ш, ш (Ş, ş) |
---|---|
Arabic | ش |
Latin |
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (ş)
- The twelfth letter of the Kazakh in Arabic Script. It represents the Cyrillic letter Ш.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ع
- (Arabic script letters) ا, ب, پ, ﺕ, ﺝ, ﭺ, ﺡ, ﺩ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﺱ, ﺵ, ﻉ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ك, گ, ڭ, ﻝ, ﻡ, ﻥ, ە, ھ, و, ۇ, ۋ, ۆ, ى, ي.
Khowar
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃin/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش (šīn)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Khowar abjad.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ݰ
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [ʃen]
- (Phoneme) IPA(key): [ʃ]
Letter
ش / ش / ش / ش
- The fourteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also
- (Arabic script letters) حروف; ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ [edit]
Pashto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃin/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (šin)
- The twenty-second letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ښ
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /(j)iʃ/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /(j)ɪʃ/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /(j)eʃ/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /(j)iʃ/
Audio (file)
Suffix
ـش • (-eš)
- A rough equivalent of -tion or -ment, appended to the present stem of a verb, resulting in a noun describing the action of that verb.
Usage notes
Present stems ending in a long vowel add ـیـ (-y-) before this suffix, for example the present stem of the verb پالودن (pâludan) being پالا (pâlâ), the resulting noun is پالایش (pâlâyeš, “refinement”).
See also
Letter
ش • (šin)
- The sixteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س and followed by ص. Its name is شین.
Sindhi
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش (šīn)
- The thirtieth letter of the Sindhi abjad.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ص
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃ/, [ʃ]
Suffix
ـش • (-š)
- don't, didn't (negation of verbs)
- Synonyms: ما (mā), (imperative) لا (la)
- بحكيش إنكليزي ― biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما بحكيش إنكليزي ― ma biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - تنساش ― tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما تنساش ― ma tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما كتبش ― ma katabš ― he didn't write
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Usage notes
- ـش (-š) shifts the stress to the end of the verbal phrase, lengthening final vowels.
- ـش (-š) may be used by itself or together with ما (ma); in the past tense, however, ما (ma) is required.
See also
- مش (miš)
Urdu
Etymology
From Persian ـش (-iš).
Pronunciation
- (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (śīn)
- The nineteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ص
Suffix
ـش • (-iś)
- A suffix used in many nouns borrowed from Persian, and also in certain native words. This is a rough equivalent of -tion or -ment, making a noun for the action of the verb.
Usage notes
Persian nouns ending in a long vowel that add ـیـ (-y-) in Persian before this suffix, usually become ـئـ (-i-) due to modified pronunciation. In certain instances, ـیـ (-i-) remains or is one of the acceptable spellings. For example, Persian آزمایش (âzmâyeš) is normally spelled as Urdu آزمائش (āzmāiś).
Uyghur
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃe/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (she)
- The fourteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س (s)
- Next letter: غ (gh)
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ʃí/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش (ṣ)
- The twenty-first letter of the Yoruba alphabet in the ajami script, equivalent to Latin script ṣ.
Forms
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ت