سور
Arabic
![](Images/wiktionary/Walls_of_Constantinople_1.jpg.webp)
Etymology 1
Argued to be a loan from Aramaic שׂוּרָא / ܫܘܪܐ (šūrā), but other cognates such as Sabaean 𐩣𐩬𐩪𐩥𐩧𐩩 (mns¹wrt, “walls”) and Tigre ሶር (sor, “partition wall”) (unless that form is itself borrowed from Arabic) suggest that it may in fact be inherited.
Noun
سُور • (sūr) m (plural أَسْوَار (ʾaswār) or سِيرَان (sīrān))
- wall that encloses and protects a building
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُور sūr | السُّور as-sūr | سُور sūr |
Nominative | سُورٌ sūrun | السُّورُ as-sūru | سُورُ sūru |
Accusative | سُورًا sūran | السُّورَ as-sūra | سُورَ sūra |
Genitive | سُورٍ sūrin | السُّورِ as-sūri | سُورِ sūri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سُورَيْن sūrayn | السُّورَيْن as-sūrayn | سُورَيْ sūray |
Nominative | سُورَانِ sūrāni | السُّورَانِ as-sūrāni | سُورَا sūrā |
Accusative | سُورَيْنِ sūrayni | السُّورَيْنِ as-sūrayni | سُورَيْ sūray |
Genitive | سُورَيْنِ sūrayni | السُّورَيْنِ as-sūrayni | سُورَيْ sūray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَسْوَار; سِيرَان ʾaswār; sīrān | الْأَسْوَار; السِّيرَان al-ʾaswār; as-sīrān | أَسْوَار; سِيرَان ʾaswār; sīrān |
Nominative | أَسْوَارٌ; سِيرَانٌ ʾaswārun; sīrānun | الْأَسْوَارُ; السِّيرَانُ al-ʾaswāru; as-sīrānu | أَسْوَارُ; سِيرَانُ ʾaswāru; sīrānu |
Accusative | أَسْوَارًا; سِيرَانًا ʾaswāran; sīrānan | الْأَسْوَارَ; السِّيرَانَ al-ʾaswāra; as-sīrāna | أَسْوَارَ; سِيرَانَ ʾaswāra; sīrāna |
Genitive | أَسْوَارٍ; سِيرَانٍ ʾaswārin; sīrānin | الْأَسْوَارِ; السِّيرَانِ al-ʾaswāri; as-sīrāni | أَسْوَارِ; سِيرَانِ ʾaswāri; sīrāni |
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 237
- Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 397
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “سور”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
Verb
سَوَّرَ • (sawwara) II, non-past يُسَوِّرُ (yusawwiru)
- to enclose with a wall or fences
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَسْوِير taswīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُسَوِّر musawwir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُسَوَّر musawwar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | سَوَّرْتُ sawwartu | سَوَّرْتَ sawwarta | سَوَّرَ sawwara | سَوَّرْتُمَا sawwartumā | سَوَّرَا sawwarā | سَوَّرْنَا sawwarnā | سَوَّرْتُمْ sawwartum | سَوَّرُوا sawwarū | |||
f | سَوَّرْتِ sawwarti | سَوَّرَتْ sawwarat | سَوَّرَتَا sawwaratā | سَوَّرْتُنَّ sawwartunna | سَوَّرْنَ sawwarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُسَوِّرُ ʾusawwiru | تُسَوِّرُ tusawwiru | يُسَوِّرُ yusawwiru | تُسَوِّرَانِ tusawwirāni | يُسَوِّرَانِ yusawwirāni | نُسَوِّرُ nusawwiru | تُسَوِّرُونَ tusawwirūna | يُسَوِّرُونَ yusawwirūna | |||
f | تُسَوِّرِينَ tusawwirīna | تُسَوِّرُ tusawwiru | تُسَوِّرَانِ tusawwirāni | تُسَوِّرْنَ tusawwirna | يُسَوِّرْنَ yusawwirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُسَوِّرَ ʾusawwira | تُسَوِّرَ tusawwira | يُسَوِّرَ yusawwira | تُسَوِّرَا tusawwirā | يُسَوِّرَا yusawwirā | نُسَوِّرَ nusawwira | تُسَوِّرُوا tusawwirū | يُسَوِّرُوا yusawwirū | |||
f | تُسَوِّرِي tusawwirī | تُسَوِّرَ tusawwira | تُسَوِّرَا tusawwirā | تُسَوِّرْنَ tusawwirna | يُسَوِّرْنَ yusawwirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُسَوِّرْ ʾusawwir | تُسَوِّرْ tusawwir | يُسَوِّرْ yusawwir | تُسَوِّرَا tusawwirā | يُسَوِّرَا yusawwirā | نُسَوِّرْ nusawwir | تُسَوِّرُوا tusawwirū | يُسَوِّرُوا yusawwirū | |||
f | تُسَوِّرِي tusawwirī | تُسَوِّرْ tusawwir | تُسَوِّرَا tusawwirā | تُسَوِّرْنَ tusawwirna | يُسَوِّرْنَ yusawwirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | سَوِّرْ sawwir | سَوِّرَا sawwirā | سَوِّرُوا sawwirū | ||||||||
f | سَوِّرِي sawwirī | سَوِّرْنَ sawwirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | سُوِّرْتُ suwwirtu | سُوِّرْتَ suwwirta | سُوِّرَ suwwira | سُوِّرْتُمَا suwwirtumā | سُوِّرَا suwwirā | سُوِّرْنَا suwwirnā | سُوِّرْتُمْ suwwirtum | سُوِّرُوا suwwirū | |||
f | سُوِّرْتِ suwwirti | سُوِّرَتْ suwwirat | سُوِّرَتَا suwwiratā | سُوِّرْتُنَّ suwwirtunna | سُوِّرْنَ suwwirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُسَوَّرُ ʾusawwaru | تُسَوَّرُ tusawwaru | يُسَوَّرُ yusawwaru | تُسَوَّرَانِ tusawwarāni | يُسَوَّرَانِ yusawwarāni | نُسَوَّرُ nusawwaru | تُسَوَّرُونَ tusawwarūna | يُسَوَّرُونَ yusawwarūna | |||
f | تُسَوَّرِينَ tusawwarīna | تُسَوَّرُ tusawwaru | تُسَوَّرَانِ tusawwarāni | تُسَوَّرْنَ tusawwarna | يُسَوَّرْنَ yusawwarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُسَوَّرَ ʾusawwara | تُسَوَّرَ tusawwara | يُسَوَّرَ yusawwara | تُسَوَّرَا tusawwarā | يُسَوَّرَا yusawwarā | نُسَوَّرَ nusawwara | تُسَوَّرُوا tusawwarū | يُسَوَّرُوا yusawwarū | |||
f | تُسَوَّرِي tusawwarī | تُسَوَّرَ tusawwara | تُسَوَّرَا tusawwarā | تُسَوَّرْنَ tusawwarna | يُسَوَّرْنَ yusawwarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُسَوَّرْ ʾusawwar | تُسَوَّرْ tusawwar | يُسَوَّرْ yusawwar | تُسَوَّرَا tusawwarā | يُسَوَّرَا yusawwarā | نُسَوَّرْ nusawwar | تُسَوَّرُوا tusawwarū | يُسَوَّرُوا yusawwarū | |||
f | تُسَوَّرِي tusawwarī | تُسَوَّرْ tusawwar | تُسَوَّرَا tusawwarā | تُسَوَّرْنَ tusawwarna | يُسَوَّرْنَ yusawwarna |
Noun
سُوَر • (suwar) f pl
- plural of سُورَة (sūra)
Pashto
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *cuxráh.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sur/
Adjective
سور • (sur)
- red
Declension
masculine | feminine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
direct | سور (sur) | سرۀ (srë) | سره (sra) | سرې (sre) | |
oblique | سرۀ (srë) | سرو (sro) | سرې (sre) | سرو (sro) | |
vocative | سوره (sura) | سرو (sro) | سرې (sre) | سرو (sro) |
See also
سپين (spin) | خړ (xëṛ) | تور (tor) |
سور (sur) | نارنجي (nâranji); نسواري (naswâri) | ژېړ (žeṛ) |
شين (šin) | ||
شين (shin) | ||
چوڼيا (čuṇyâ); نيلي (nili) | کینخي (kinaxi) | ګلابي (gwëlâbi) |
Persian
Etymology
From Old Persian *θūryas (“banquet, feast”), from Proto-Iranian *cuHryás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćuHryás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewH- (“to shine”), see also Sanskrit श्वस् (śvas, “tomorrow”).[1][2] Related to Northern Kurdish sor (“red”).
Noun
سور • (sur)
- nuptials
- banquet, feast, entertainment
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “سور”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (1861). India: Bishop's College Press, p. 341
- de Vaan, Michiel (2003), Beekes, R.S.P.; Lubotsky, A.; Weitenberg, J.J.S., editors, The Avestan Vowels (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 12), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN
Punjabi
Etymology
Inherited from Prakrit सूअर (sūara), from Sanskrit सूकर (sūkara). Compare Urdu سؤر (sū'ar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suː.ɾᵊ/
- Rhymes: -uː.ɾᵊ
Noun
سُوْر • (sūr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸੂਰ)
- pig, swine
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “sūkará”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 780
- “سور”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2023
Southeast Pashayi
Etymology
From Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [sʊr]
Noun
سوُر (sor)
- sun
Further reading
- Abd-El-Malek Lamuwal; Adam Baker (2013), “Southeastern Pashayi”, in Journal of the International Phonetic Association, volume 43, Cambridge: International Phonetic Association, pages 243-246
- Richard F. Strand (2011) Degânʹo Lexicon
Ushojo
Noun
سور (sōr)
- rider