سودا

سودا

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَوْدَاء‎ (sawdāʾ), through Persian سودا‎ (sowdâ).

Noun

سودا • (sevda)

1. black bile, one of the humours of ancient physiology
2. melancholy, great sadness or depression
3. passion, strong desire, ardor, enthusiasm
4. ambition, eager and intense longing for power

Derived terms

• سودالی‎ (sevdalı, “madly in love”)

Related terms

• سوداوی‎ (sevdavi, “melancholic”)

Descendants

• Turkish: sevda
• → Albanian: sevda
• → Bulgarian: севда (sevda)
• → Greek: σεβντάς (sevntás)
• → Macedonian: севда (sevda)
• → Romanian: sevda
• → Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic: севдах
  • Latin: sevdah

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “sevda1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4173
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “سودا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 697
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Melancholia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1026
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “سودا”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 2700
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “sevda”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “سودا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1087

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Persian

Dari	سودا
Iranian Persian
Tajik	савдо (savdo)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /sawdɑː/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /sawdɑː/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /sowdɒː/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /savdɔ/

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

سودا • (sowdâ)

1. trade

Derived terms

• سوداگر‎

Descendants

• → Bashkir: сауҙа (sawða)
• → Bengali: সওদা (sôoda)
• → Chagatai: سودا‎
  • Uyghur: سودا‎ (soda)
  • Uzbek: savdo
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: सौदा (saudā)
  • Urdu: سودا‎
• → Kazakh: сауда (sauda)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic سَوْدَاء‎ (sawdāʾ).

Noun

سودا • (sowdâ)

1. black bile
2. melancholy
3. passion

Derived terms

• سوداپرست‎ (sowdâparast)
  • سوداپرستی‎ (sowdâparasti)
• سودازده‎ (sowdâzade)
• سودائی‎ (sowdâ'i)

Related terms

• سوداوی‎ (sowdâvi)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “سودا”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “سودا”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

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Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɔː.d̪ɑː/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian سودا‎.

Noun

سَودا • (saudā) m (Hindi spelling सौदा)

1. goods, wares; trade, traffic; marketing; purchase, bargain
2. fruits; sweetmeats

Derived terms

• سودا کرنا‎

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic سَوْدَاء‎ (sawdāʾ).

Noun

سَودا • (saudā) m (Hindi spelling सौदा)

1. the black bile (one of the four humours of the body), atrabilis; melancholy; hypochondria; frenzy, madness, insanity; love; desire, concupiscence; ambition

Derived terms

• سودا اچھلنا‎
• سودا ہونا‎

Related terms

• سوداوی‎
• سودائی‎

Further reading

• “سودا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “سودا”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “سودا”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

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Uyghur

Etymology

Inherited from Chagatai سودا‎, from Persian سودا‎.

Noun

سودا • (soda) (plural سودىلار‎ (sodilar))

1. trade

Derived terms

• دۇنيا سودا تەشكىلاتى‎ (dunya soda teshkilati)