سوار

Arabic

سِوَار

Etymology

Though Fraenkel assumed that the Arabic word is genuine and not a loan, likely a perhaps early loan from a byform of Aramaic שֵׁירָא‎ / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ‎ (šērā), see the exposure at ش ج ر‎ (š-j-r). Juxtapose قُلْب‎ (qulb, “bracelet”) for a Syriac loan. Compare also دُمْلُوج‎ (dumlūj).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si.waːr/

Noun

سِوَار • (siwār) m (plural أَسْوِرَة‎ (ʾaswira) or أَسَاوِر‎ (ʾasāwir))

bracelet

Declension

Declension of noun سِوَار (siwār)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِوَار siwār	السِّوَار‎ as-siwār	سِوَار siwār
Nominative	سِوَارٌ siwārun	السِّوَارُ‎ as-siwāru	سِوَارُ siwāru
Accusative	سِوَارًا‎ siwāran	السِّوَارَ‎ as-siwāra	سِوَارَ siwāra
Genitive	سِوَارٍ siwārin	السِّوَارِ‎ as-siwāri	سِوَارِ siwāri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِوَارَيْن‎ siwārayn	السِّوَارَيْن‎ as-siwārayn	سِوَارَيْ‎ siwāray
Nominative	سِوَارَانِ‎ siwārāni	السِّوَارَانِ‎ as-siwārāni	سِوَارَا‎ siwārā
Accusative	سِوَارَيْنِ‎ siwārayni	السِّوَارَيْنِ‎ as-siwārayni	سِوَارَيْ‎ siwāray
Genitive	سِوَارَيْنِ‎ siwārayni	السِّوَارَيْنِ‎ as-siwārayni	سِوَارَيْ‎ siwāray
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْوِرَة‎‎; أَسَاوِر‎ ʾaswira‎; ʾasāwir	الْأَسْوِرَة‎‎; الْأَسَاوِر‎ al-ʾaswira‎; al-ʾasāwir	أَسْوِرَة‎‎; أَسَاوِر‎ ʾaswirat‎; ʾasāwir
Nominative	أَسْوِرَةٌ‎‎; أَسَاوِرُ‎ ʾaswiratun‎; ʾasāwiru	الْأَسْوِرَةُ‎‎; الْأَسَاوِرُ‎ al-ʾaswiratu‎; al-ʾasāwiru	أَسْوِرَةُ‎‎; أَسَاوِرُ‎ ʾaswiratu‎; ʾasāwiru
Accusative	أَسْوِرَةً‎‎; أَسَاوِرَ‎ ʾaswiratan‎; ʾasāwira	الْأَسْوِرَةَ‎‎; الْأَسَاوِرَ‎ al-ʾaswirata‎; al-ʾasāwira	أَسْوِرَةَ‎‎; أَسَاوِرَ‎ ʾaswirata‎; ʾasāwira
Genitive	أَسْوِرَةٍ‎‎; أَسَاوِرَ‎ ʾaswiratin‎; ʾasāwira	الْأَسْوِرَةِ‎‎; الْأَسَاوِرِ‎ al-ʾaswirati‎; al-ʾasāwiri	أَسْوِرَةِ‎‎; أَسَاوِرِ‎ ʾaswirati‎; ʾasāwiri

References

Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 56
Freytag, Georg (1833), “سوار”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 374

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian ʾswbʾl, ʾsp̄wʾl (aswār, “horseman, rider”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /sawɑːɾ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /sawɑːɾ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /sævɒːɾ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /savɔɾ/

Noun

سوار • (sovâr, savâr) (plural سواران‎ (sovâr, savârân))

horseman, rider
cavalryman
پادشاه‌ ارابه‌ها و سواران‌ را جمع كرد.‌
The king assembled cavalrymen and chariots
- Abulfazl Bayhaqi, edited by Ali-Akbar Fayyaz, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, page 73:
  ‏‎
  Hasan ordered to move the great emblem forward and attacked victoriously with hand-picked veteran cavalrymen.

Synonyms

سواره‎ (savâre)

Antonyms

پیاده‎ (piyâde)

Descendants

→ Gujarati: સવાર (savār)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: सवार (savār)
Urdu: سوار‎ (savār)
- → English: sowar
→ Kannada: ಸವಾರ (savāra)
→ Marathi: स्वार (svār)
→ Ottoman Turkish: سوار‎ (süvar)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi: ਸਵਾਰ (savār)
Shahmukhi: سوار‎ (savār)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “سوار”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “aswār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 13

Urdu

Etymology

From Persian ‎ (savâr, “rider”), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼 (a-s-b-a-r /asabāra-/, “horseman”), from Proto-Iranian *Hacwabāráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haćwabʰāras.

Noun

سوار • (sawâr) m (Hindi spelling सवार)

rider, horseman