سهم

سهم

See also: سہم‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ه م‎ (s-h-m).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sahm/

Noun

سَهْم • (sahm) m (plural سِهَام‎ (sihām) or أَسْهُم‎ (ʾashum) or سُهُوم‎ (suhūm))

1. arrow, dart
2. cosine
3. principal beam of support in house or tent
4. mast

Declension

Declension of noun سَهْم (sahm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْم sahm	السَّهْم‎ as-sahm	سَهْم sahm
Nominative	سَهْمٌ sahmun	السَّهْمُ‎ as-sahmu	سَهْمُ sahmu
Accusative	سَهْمًا‎ sahman	السَّهْمَ‎ as-sahma	سَهْمَ sahma
Genitive	سَهْمٍ sahmin	السَّهْمِ‎ as-sahmi	سَهْمِ sahmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْمَيْن‎ sahmayn	السَّهْمَيْن‎ as-sahmayn	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Nominative	سَهْمَانِ‎ sahmāni	السَّهْمَانِ‎ as-sahmāni	سَهْمَا‎ sahmā
Accusative	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Genitive	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِهَام‎‎; أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهُوم‎ sihām‎; ʾashum‎; suhūm	السِّهَام‎‎; الْأَسْهُم‎‎; السُّهُوم‎ as-sihām‎; al-ʾashum‎; as-suhūm	سِهَام‎‎; أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهُوم‎ sihām‎; ʾashum‎; suhūm
Nominative	سِهَامٌ‎‎; أَسْهُمٌ‎‎; سُهُومٌ‎ sihāmun‎; ʾashumun‎; suhūmun	السِّهَامُ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمُ‎‎; السُّهُومُ‎ as-sihāmu‎; al-ʾashumu‎; as-suhūmu	سِهَامُ‎‎; أَسْهُمُ‎‎; سُهُومُ‎ sihāmu‎; ʾashumu‎; suhūmu
Accusative	سِهَامًا‎‎; أَسْهُمًا‎‎; سُهُومًا‎ sihāman‎; ʾashuman‎; suhūman	السِّهَامَ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمَ‎‎; السُّهُومَ‎ as-sihāma‎; al-ʾashuma‎; as-suhūma	سِهَامَ‎‎; أَسْهُمَ‎‎; سُهُومَ‎ sihāma‎; ʾashuma‎; suhūma
Genitive	سِهَامٍ‎‎; أَسْهُمٍ‎‎; سُهُومٍ‎ sihāmin‎; ʾashumin‎; suhūmin	السِّهَامِ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمِ‎‎; السُّهُومِ‎ as-sihāmi‎; al-ʾashumi‎; as-suhūmi	سِهَامِ‎‎; أَسْهُمِ‎‎; سُهُومِ‎ sihāmi‎; ʾashumi‎; suhūmi

Noun

سَهْم • (sahm) m (plural أَسْهُم‎ (ʾashum) or سُهْمَان‎ (suhmān) or سُهْمَة‎ (suhma))

1. lot, share, portion
2. lottery ticket
3. share (of stock)
4. (Egypt) sahme (7.923 square meters)

Declension

Declension of noun سَهْم (sahm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْم sahm	السَّهْم‎ as-sahm	سَهْم sahm
Nominative	سَهْمٌ sahmun	السَّهْمُ‎ as-sahmu	سَهْمُ sahmu
Accusative	سَهْمًا‎ sahman	السَّهْمَ‎ as-sahma	سَهْمَ sahma
Genitive	سَهْمٍ sahmin	السَّهْمِ‎ as-sahmi	سَهْمِ sahmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْمَيْن‎ sahmayn	السَّهْمَيْن‎ as-sahmayn	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Nominative	سَهْمَانِ‎ sahmāni	السَّهْمَانِ‎ as-sahmāni	سَهْمَا‎ sahmā
Accusative	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Genitive	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهْمَان‎‎; سُهْمَة‎ ʾashum‎; suhmān‎; suhma	الْأَسْهُم‎‎; السُّهْمَان‎‎; السُّهْمَة‎ al-ʾashum‎; as-suhmān‎; as-suhma	أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهْمَان‎‎; سُهْمَة‎ ʾashum‎; suhmān‎; suhmat
Nominative	أَسْهُمٌ‎‎; سُهْمَانٌ‎‎; سُهْمَةٌ‎ ʾashumun‎; suhmānun‎; suhmatun	الْأَسْهُمُ‎‎; السُّهْمَانُ‎‎; السُّهْمَةُ‎ al-ʾashumu‎; as-suhmānu‎; as-suhmatu	أَسْهُمُ‎‎; سُهْمَانُ‎‎; سُهْمَةُ‎ ʾashumu‎; suhmānu‎; suhmatu
Accusative	أَسْهُمًا‎‎; سُهْمَانًا‎‎; سُهْمَةً‎ ʾashuman‎; suhmānan‎; suhmatan	الْأَسْهُمَ‎‎; السُّهْمَانَ‎‎; السُّهْمَةَ‎ al-ʾashuma‎; as-suhmāna‎; as-suhmata	أَسْهُمَ‎‎; سُهْمَانَ‎‎; سُهْمَةَ‎ ʾashuma‎; suhmāna‎; suhmata
Genitive	أَسْهُمٍ‎‎; سُهْمَانٍ‎‎; سُهْمَةٍ‎ ʾashumin‎; suhmānin‎; suhmatin	الْأَسْهُمِ‎‎; السُّهْمَانِ‎‎; السُّهْمَةِ‎ al-ʾashumi‎; as-suhmāni‎; as-suhmati	أَسْهُمِ‎‎; سُهْمَانِ‎‎; سُهْمَةِ‎ ʾashumi‎; suhmāni‎; suhmati

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: səhm
• → Malay: saham
  • Indonesian: saham
• Maltese: sehem
• → Pashto: سهم‎ (sahm)
• → Persian: سهم‎ (sahm)
• → Turkish: sehim

References

• Freytag, Georg (1833), “سهم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 370
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “سهم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 515
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “سهم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1454
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “سهم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 510–511

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Pashto

Etymology

From Arabic سَهْم‎ (sahm).

Noun

سهم • (sahm) m

1. share

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (sahm), from Old Persian [script needed] (*çahman), from Proto-Iranian *θráhma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *trásma, from Proto-Indo-European *trés-mn̥, from *tres- (“to tremble”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /sahm/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /sahm/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /sæhm/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /sahm/

Noun

Dari	سهم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	саҳм (sahm)

سهم • (sahm) (plural سهم‌ها‎ (sahm-hâ))

1. (archaic) fear

   Synonym: ترس‎ (tars)

Derived terms

• سهم داشتن‎ (sahm dâštan)
• سهمگین‎ (sahmgin)

Descendants

• → Armenian: սահմ (sahm)
• → Gurani: سام‎ (sām)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: सहम (saham)
  • Urdu: سہم‎ (sahm)
• → Proto-Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: سام‎ (sam)

  Northern Kurdish: sav

  Southern Kurdish: سیەو‎ (syew), سیەم‎ (syem)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَهْم‎ (sahm).

Noun

Dari	سهم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	саҳм (sahm)

سهم • (sahm) (plural اسهم‎ (ashom) or سهام‎ (sehâm) or سهم‌ها‎ (sahm-hâ))

1. share
2. portion
3. quota
4. contribution

Derived terms

• سهم کردن‎ (sahm kardan)
• سهیم‎ (sahim)