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单词 ben
释义

ben

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ben"

Translingual

Symbol

ben

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Bengali.

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA(key): /bɪn/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Homophone: been (some accents), bin (pin-pen merger)
  • Rhymes: -ɛn

Etymology 1

From Middle English ben, bene, from Old English bēn (“prayer, request, favor, compulsory service”), from Proto-Germanic *bōniz (“supplication”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to say”). Related to ban. More at boon.

Alternative forms

  • bene

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. (obsolete) A prayer; a petition.

Etymology 2

From Middle English ben, bene, variation of bin, binne (“within”), from Old English binnan (“within, in, inside of, into”), equivalent to be- +‎ in.

Preposition

ben

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) In, into.
    • 2008, James Kelman, Kieron Smith, Boy, Penguin 2009, page 32:
      And he was waving to me to creep in, so I just did and then just to skip ben the front and then in the lobby.

Adverb

ben (not comparable)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Inside.

Adjective

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmost)

  1. Inner, interior.
Derived terms
  • ben-end, ben-room

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Ben-room: The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).
Derived terms
  • but and ben
References
  • The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Etymology 3

From Middle English been, from Old French and Medieval Latin, probably from a North African pronunciation of Arabic بَان‎ (bān, “ben tree”).

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. A tree, Moringa oleifera or horseradish tree of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben.
  2. The winged seed of the ben tree.
  3. The oil of the ben seed.
Synonyms
  • (tree): drumstick tree, horseradish tree, moringa
Derived terms
  • ben-nut
  • ben oil
Translations

Etymology 4

From Arabic بِن‎ (bin) and Hebrew בן‎ (ben, “son”).

Alternative forms

  • Ben
  • bin (Arabic)

Noun

ben (uncountable)

  1. (usually capitalised) Son of (used with Hebrew and Arabic surnames).
Derived terms
  • Nickie-ben
Translations

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Scots ben, benn, from Scottish Gaelic beinn.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. A Scottish or Irish mountain or high peak.
Derived terms
  • Ben Lomond
  • Ben More
  • Ben Nevis

Etymology 6

UK C16. Probably from Latin bene or Italian bene.

Adjective

ben (comparative benar, superlative benat)

  1. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) Alternative spelling of bene; good.
    • 1611, Middleton, Thomas, The Roaring Girle‎:
      A gage of ben Rom-bouse, / In a bousing-ken of Rom-vile, / Is benar than a Caster, / Pecke, pennam, lay, or popler, / Which we mill in deuse a vile.
      [paraphrase] A pot of good wine, / In a pub of London, / Is better than a cloak, / Meat, bread, milk, or porridge, / Which we steal in the countryside.
Derived terms
  • ben-cull
  • ben mort
  • fidlam ben

Etymology 7

Shortening.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. (UK, theater, slang, obsolete) A benefit (performance to raise funds).
    • year?, The Catholic Literary Circular (page 75)
      In the Chronicles of the Stage, some curious particulars are given relating to Sir Henry Herbert and the well-known Sir William Davidson, by which we learn, amongst other things, that a “ben” or benefit at Drury Lane, two centuries ago, was worth a hundred pounds.
References
  • 1873, John Camden Hotten, The Slang Dictionary

See also

  • ben-joltram

Anagrams

  • EbN, NEB, NbE, Neb., neb

Amele

Adjective

ben

  1. big

Noun

ben

  1. a big thing

References

  • Pavol Štekauer, Salvador Valera, Lívia Kőrtvélyessy, Word-Formation in the World's Languages: A Typological Survey (2012)

Berbice Creole Dutch

Noun

ben

  1. bean

References

  • Silvia Kouwenberg, Berbice Dutch Glossed Texts (2013)

Catalan

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈben/
  • Rhymes: -en

Adverb

ben

  1. Alternative form of bé
    Porteu un vestit ben bonic. ― Wear a very pretty dress.
    Demà al matí ben d'hora m'aixeco i viatjo a Milan. ― Tomorrow morning quite early I'll get up and travel to Milan.

Usage notes

The form ben is used when it precedes the adjective, adverb or verb form that it modifies, and bé is used in all other cases.

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

  • bénne (Sette Comuni)

Etymology

From Middle High German wenne, wanne, from Old High German hwenne, hwanne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, from *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”). Cognate with German wenn, wann, English when. Doublet of benn (adverb), from the same Middle High German source.

Conjunction

ben

  1. (Luserna) when
    Khåntamar khön ben 'z tüata offe di pinakotèk? ― Can you tell me when the art gallery opens?

References

  • “ben” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Corsican

Etymology

From bè (“well”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛn/

Noun

ben m

  1. deceased

Adverb

ben

  1. Alternative form of bè

References

  • https://infcor.adecec.net/

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse bein (“bone, leg”), from Proto-Germanic *bainą, cognate with English bone, German Bein.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /beːˀn/, [ˈb̥eˀn]

Noun

ben n (singular definite benet, plural indefinite ben)

  1. leg (a limb of a human or an animal used for walking; also, by analogy, the legs of a desk or a chair)
    Synonym: pusselanke (childish, joking)
  2. bone (any part of the skeleton)
  3. sinecure (a position that requires little to no work but still gives an ample payment; a cushy job.)

Inflection

Declension of ben
neuter
gender		SingularPlural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebenbenetbenbenene
genitivebensbenetsbensbenenes

References

  • “ben” in Den Danske Ordbog

Domari

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (bahiṇī), from Sanskrit भगिनी (bhaginī). Cognate with Hindi बहन (bahan).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ben̪/, /bɛn̪/

Noun

ben f

  1. sister

References

  • Matras, Yaron (2012) A Grammar of Domari (Mouton Grammar Library)‎, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 65

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch bim, from Proto-Germanic *beuną.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛn
  • IPA(key): /bɛn/

Verb

ben

  1. first-person singular present indicative of zijn
  2. (dialectal) imperative of zijn

Usage notes

Ben, as an imperative, is considered non-standard, the standard form being wees.

Synonyms

  • (imperative) wees

Descendants

  • Skepi Creole Dutch: ben

References

  • Taaladvies.net on ‘wees’ or ‘ben’

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse ben, from Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun

ben n (genitive singular bens, plural ben)

  1. wound

Declension

Declension of ben
n3singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebenbeniðbenbenini
accusativebenbeniðbenbenini
dativebenibeninumbenumbenunum
genitivebensbensinsbenabenanna
Declension of ben
n22singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebenbeniðbenbenini
accusativebenbeniðbenbenini
dativebenibeninumbenjum, benumbenjunum, benunum
genitivebensbensinsbenjabenjanna

Noun

ben f (genitive singular benjar, plural benjar)

  1. wound

Declension

f8SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativebenbeninbenjarbenjarnar
Accusativebenbeninabenjarbenjarnar
Dativebenbeninibenjumbenjunum
Genitivebenjarbenjarinnarbenjabenjanna

Derived terms

  • benjardøgg
  • benjarkolvur

French

Etymology 1

Alternative form of bien

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛ̃/
  • Rhymes: -ɛ̃

Interjection

ben

  1. (informal) Well; uh
Derived terms
  • ben voyons

Etymology 2

Clipping of bénard.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (slang) pants, trousers

Further reading

  • “ben”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well
  2. properly, nicely

Antonyms

  • mâl

Noun

ben

  1. good
  • bon

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛŋ/

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. benefit; welfare
    Synonym: beneficio
  2. (in the plural) goods
  3. good (the forces that are the enemy of evil)
    Antonym: mal
  • bo

Adverb

ben

  1. well
    Ben feito! ― Well done!
    Antonym: mal
  2. very; a lot; enough
    • 1473, A. López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:
      cando se ganou dos mouros a grande batalla da figeira en donde tamen perdin e me mataron o cabalo e eu sahin ben librado enpero ben ferido de hua saetada enno braço dereito que non a vin curada fasta pasados ben tres meses
      when the great Battle of the Figtree was won to the Moors, where I also lost —and they killed— my horse and I got out safe but badly injured of an arrow shot in the right arm, wound that I saw not cured until more than three months later
    Eche un rapaz ben espilido! ― He's a very smart young man!
  3. plus, or more, upwards
    • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo (ed.), La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla. Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 174:
      Et durou a guerra dessa uez ontre elles bem dous ãnos, fazendosse todauia muyto mal os hũus aos outros, de guisa que, ante que sse aquella contenda fijnse, morrerõ y muytos
      And the war between them lasted that time for two years plus, making in every way a lot of harm the ones to the others, in wise that, before that conflict had ended, many died there

Derived terms

  • ben de (“many, a lot”)
  • bo

References

  • “ben” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “ben” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “ben” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bene, French bien, Spanish bien and Portuguese bem.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ben/

Adverb

ben (comparative melio, superlative le melio)

  1. well

Derived terms

  • ben que

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛn/
  • Hyphenation: bèn

Adverb

ben (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of bene
    ben fatto ― well done

Derived terms

  • ben altro

Japanese

Romanization

ben

  1. Rōmaji transcription of べん

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese vir and Spanish venir .

Verb

ben

  1. to come

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben (comparative miec)

  1. well
  2. properly

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (especially in the plural) goods, property

Lombard

Etymology

Akin to Italian bene, from Latin.

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Mandarin

Romanization

ben

  1. Nonstandard spelling of bēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of běn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of bèn.

Usage notes

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish ben, from Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛᵈn/

Noun

ben f (genitive singular mreih, plural mraane)

  1. woman

Mutation

Manx mutation
RadicalLenitionEclipsis
benvenmen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ben”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Middle English

Verb

ben

  1. Alternative form of been

References

  • “bēn” listed in the Middle English Dictionary [2001]

Northern Kurdish

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

ben ?

  1. string, rope

Derived terms

  • benik
  • benk
  • bend
  • benî

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Danish ben, from Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun

ben n (definite singular benet, indefinite plural ben, definite plural bena or benene)

  1. a leg
  2. a bone

Alternative forms

  • bein

Derived terms

  • haleben
  • menneskeben

References

  • “ben” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Derived terms

  • benlèu

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. good, possession

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun

bēn n

  1. leg
  2. bone

Inflection

Declension of ben (neuter strong a-stem)
SingularPlural
nominativebēnbēn
accusativebēnbēn
genitivebēnis, -esbēno
dativebēne, -ibēnon

Descendants

  • Middle Dutch: bêen
    • Dutch: been
      • Afrikaans: been
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: been
      • Jersey Dutch: beîn
      • Negerhollands: been
      • → Arawak: bèna
    • Limburgish: bein

Further reading

  • “bēn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *bōniz. Cognate with Old Norse bón.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /beːn/

Noun

bēn f (nominative plural bēne or bēna)

  1. prayer, praying
  2. request, entreaty
Declension
Declension of ben (strong i-stem)
CaseSingularPlural
nominativebēnbēne, bēna
accusativebēn, bēnebēne, bēna
genitivebēnebēna
dativebēnebēnum
Descendants
  • Middle English: ben, bene
    • English: ben, bene
      • ⇒ English: bee
    • ⇒ Scots: been-hook, been-plough

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *banjō. Cognate with Old Norse ben.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ben/

Noun

ben f

  1. Alternative form of benn

Old French

Adverb

ben

  1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of bien

Old Frisian

Ēn bēn (1).
Ēn bēn (2).

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą. Cognates include Old English bān, Old Saxon bēn and Old Dutch bēn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbeːn/, [ˈbɛːn]

Noun

bēn n

  1. bone
  2. leg

Descendants

  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum: bian
    Goesharde: biin
    Halligen: bian
    Heligoland: Bean
    Mooring: biinj
    Sylt: Biin
    Wiedingharde: biin
  • Saterland Frisian: Been
  • West Frisian: bien

References

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʲen/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Noun

ben f (genitive mná, nominative plural mná)

  1. woman
    Synonyms: banscál, bé, frac
  2. wife
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22c10
      Is bés trá dosom aní-siu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.
      This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.
    Synonym: séitig
Inflection
Feminine irregular
SingularDualPlural
Nominativebenmnaímná
Vocativebenmnaímná
Accusativebein, mnaímnaímná
Genitivemnábanban
Dativemnaímnáibmnáib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
  • ban-
Descendants
  • Middle Irish: ben
    • Irish: bean
    • Manx: ben
    • Scottish Gaelic: bean
  • ⇒ Middle Irish: benagán

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

·ben

  1. third-person singular present indicative conjunct of benaid

Verb

ben

  1. second-person singular imperative of benaid

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
benben
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/		mben
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ben”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “benaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun

ben f (genitive benjar, plural benjar)

  1. mortal wound
  2. small bleeding wound

ben n

  1. wound

Declension

  Declension of ben (strong jō-stem)
femininesingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebenbeninbenjarbenjarnar
accusativebenbeninabenjarbenjarnar
dativebenbeninnibenjumbenjunum
genitivebenjarbenjarinnarbenjabenjanna
  Declension of ben (strong ja-stem)
neutersingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebenbenitbenbenin
accusativebenbenitbenbenin
dativebenibeninubenjumbenjunum
genitivebensbensinsbenjabenjanna
  • bani m (“bane”)
  • benja (“to wound mortally”)

References

  • “ben”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adjective

ben

  1. well

Descendants

  • Occitan: ben

References

  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “bene”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1: A–B, page 322

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bain.

Noun

bēn n

  1. bone

Descendants

  • Middle Low German: bên
    • Low German: Been, Bein
    • Plautdietsch: Been

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /beːn/

Noun

bēn n

  1. bone
  2. leg

Declension

  Declension of ben (strong a-stem)
neutersingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebēnbēnitbēnbēnin
accusativebēnbēnitbēnbēnin
dativebēni, bēnebēninu, bēnenobēnum, bēnombēnumin, bēnomen
genitivebēnsbēnsinsbēnabēnanna

Descendants

  • Swedish: ben

Scots

Etymology 1

From Old English binnan.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).

Adjective

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmaist)

  1. Inner, interior.

Preposition

ben

  1. Through, in, into, inside (a dwelling).
    A gaed ben the chaumer.
    Come awah ben, hen.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Scottish Gaelic beinn.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. mountain, hill

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بڭ‎ (beñ), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *beŋ (“mole on the face”).

Noun

ben m (Cyrillic spelling бен)

  1. (regional) birthmark
  2. (regional) mole
  3. (regional) naevus

Synonyms

  • madež

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English been.

Particle

ben

  1. Verbal marker for the past tense.

Usage notes

This marker can be combined with the markers sa or o for the future tense and e for the progressive aspect, in which case the order, if all are used, is that of ben sa/o e. Some examples:

  • mi ben waka: “I had walked”.
  • mi ben e waka: “I was walking”.
  • mi ben sa waka: “I would walk”.
  • mi ben sa e waka: “I would have been walking”.

Derived terms

  • bo

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish bēn, from Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation

  • audio(file)
  • IPA(key): /ˈbeːn/

Noun

ben n

  1. (anatomy) leg; a body part
  2. leg; part of trousers which covers the legs
  3. the part of a piece furniture on which it stands
  4. (anatomy) bone; any of the components of an endoskeleton
  5. (anatomy) bone; the material of the endoskeleton

Declension

Declension of ben 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativebenbenetbenbenen
Genitivebensbenetsbensbenens
  • armbågsben
  • bakben
  • bena
  • benaska
  • bena upp
  • bena ut
  • benbildning
  • benbit
  • benbrott
  • benfisk
  • benflisa
  • benfri
  • benfärgad
  • benföring
  • benget
  • bengädda
  • benhinna
  • benhus
  • benhård
  • benig
  • benighet
  • bening
  • benkläder
  • benknota
  • benknäckare
  • benkol
  • benlim
  • benlinda
  • benling
  • benläder
  • benlös
  • benmassa
  • benmjöl
  • benmuskel
  • benmärg
  • benpipa
  • benporslin
  • benprotes
  • benrangel
  • benrester
  • benröta
  • bensax
  • benskada
  • benskena
  • benskydd
  • benskör
  • benskörhet
  • benspark
  • bensprattel
  • benstomme
  • bensträckare
  • benstump
  • benstyrka
  • bensår
  • bentackling
  • bentag
  • benutrymme
  • benved
  • benvit
  • benvärmare
  • benvävnad
  • bröstben
  • båtben
  • enbent
  • fingerben
  • fiskben
  • framben
  • fyrbent
  • handlovsben
  • hundben
  • karpalben
  • kobent
  • korsben
  • köttben
  • lårben
  • lösben
  • mellanhandsben
  • nyckelben
  • penisben
  • revben
  • skenben
  • skinn och ben
  • strålben
  • trebent
  • träben
  • tvåbent
  • underben
  • vadben
  • vristben
  • överarmsben

References

  • ben in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Turkish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/, /bæn/
  • Hyphenation: ben

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish بن‎ (ben, “I”), from Proto-Turkic *ben (“I”).

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰢𐰤‎ (mn² /men/), 𐰋𐰤‎ (b²n² /ben/, “I”), Karakhanid مَنْ‎ (men, “I”), Azerbaijani mən, Bashkir мин (min), Chuvash эпӗ (ep̬ĕ), Kazakh мен (men), Kyrgyz мен (men), Turkmen men.

Possibly related to Mongolian би (bi, “I”), Manchu ᠪᡳ (bi, “I”).[1]

Pronoun

ben

  1. I
Usage notes
  • It is one of the two words that has irregular dative case declension. (The other one is "sen").
  • It is one of the two words that has irregular genitive case declension. (The other one is "biz").
Declension
Declension of ben
singular (tekil)plural (çoğul)
nominative (yalın)benbiz
definite accusative (belirtme)benibizi
dative (yönelme)banabize
locative (bulunma)bendebizde
ablative (ayrılma)bendenbizden
genitive (tamlayan)benimbizim
See also
Turkish personal pronouns
singularplural
1st personbenbiz
2nd personfamiliarsensiz
politesizsizler
3rd personoonlar

Noun

ben (definite accusative beni, plural biz)

  1. (psychology) ego

Derived terms

  • albeni
  • bencil
  • benmerkezci
  • bana
  • benli
  • benlik
  • bensiz
  • biz
  • -im

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish بڭ‎ (beŋ, “mole”), from Proto-Turkic *beŋ (“mole on the face”).[2]

Cognate with Bashkir миң (miŋ), Kyrgyz мең (meŋ), Kazakh мең (meñ) Turkmen meň, Yakut мэҥ (meŋ). Also compare Mongolian мэнгэ (menge, “mole, birthmark”).

Noun

ben (definite accusative beni, plural benler)

  1. birthmark, mole
Declension
Inflection
Nominativeben
Definite accusativebeni
SingularPlural
Nominativebenbenler
Definite accusativebenibenleri
Dativebenebenlere
Locativebendebenlerde
Ablativebendenbenlerden
Genitivebeninbenlerin
Derived terms
  • benli
  • bensiz
  • benek
See also
  • leke
  • yama

References

  1. Janhunen, Juha (2013), “Personal pronouns in Core Altaic”, in Shared Grammaticalization: With Special Focus on the Transeurasian Languages‎, page 221; republished as Hubert Cuyckens, editor,, (please provide a date or year)
  2. Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*beŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Derived terms

  • benon
  • bon

Vietnamese

Etymology

From French benne.

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɓɛn˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɓɛŋ˧˧]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʔɓɛŋ˧˧]

Noun

(classifier xe) ben

  1. dump truck

See also

Derived terms
  • xe ben
  • xe tải ben

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ben]

Noun

ben (nominative plural bens)

  1. (sense of) well-being, welfare, being well, wellness

Declension

declension of ben
singularplural
nominativebenbens
genitivebenabenas
dativebenebenes
accusativebenibenis
vocative 1o ben!o bens!
predicative 2benubenus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

  • bened (“a blessing”)
  • benik
  • benod (“good deed, charitable act, benefit, benefaction”)
  • beno (“well”, adverb)
  • benäd (“grace”)
  • benädü God (“by God's grace, by the Grace of God”)
  • benö!
  • benön (“be well, be prosperous”, intransitive verb)
  • benü (“for the benefit of”) (pöfikans (“the poor”))
  • benedam (“benediction, blessing (as an action)”)
  • benedik (“benedictive, rich in blessings”)
  • benedön (“bless”, transitive verb)
  • beniköl (“doing well, thriving, flourishing”)
  • benikön (“become well, prosper, thrive, flourish”, intransitive verb)
  • benokömaglidön (“to welcome, bid welcome”, transitive verb)
  • benoköm (“a welcome”)
  • benokömön (“arrive at the opportune moment”, intransitive verb)
  • benokömö (“welcome!”)!
  • benolabik (“prosperous, well-to-do”)
  • benolab (“wellness, i.e. "having (it) well", well-being, prosperity, affluence”)
  • benovimik (“good-tempered”)
  • benovip (“congratulation”)
  • benovipön (“congratulate, wish (someone) well”, transitive verb)
  • benädik (“gracious”)
  • benüköl
  • benükön (“benefit”, transitive verb)

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/

Noun

ben

  1. Soft mutation of pen.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
penbenmhenphen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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