سبيل
See also: سبیل
Arabic
Etymology
From the root س ب ل (s-b-l). Given the frequent religious usage of the word, there is some semantic interference of the Classical Syriac ܫܒܝܠܐ (šəbīlā). Cognate to Aramaic שְׁבִילׇא (šəḇīlā), Hebrew שְׁבִיל (šəḇī́l).
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -iːl
Noun
سَبِيل • (sabīl) m or f (plural سُبُل (subul))
- way, path, road
- manner, method
- ways and means
- kinship
- necessary connection
- distribution of water
- public fountain
- blame
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 42:42:
- إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَظْلِمُونَ النَّاسَ وَيَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
- ʾinnamā s-sabīlu ʿalā allaḏīna yaẓlimūna n-nāsa wayabḡūna fī l-ʾarḍi biḡayri l-ḥaqqi ʾulāʾika lahum ʿaḏābun ʾalīmun
- The blame is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.
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Declension
Declension of noun سَبِيل (sabīl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | سَبِيل sabīl | السَّبِيل as-sabīl | سَبِيل sabīl |
| Nominative | سَبِيلٌ sabīlun | السَّبِيلُ as-sabīlu | سَبِيلُ sabīlu |
| Accusative | سَبِيلًا sabīlan | السَّبِيلَ as-sabīla | سَبِيلَ sabīla |
| Genitive | سَبِيلٍ sabīlin | السَّبِيلِ as-sabīli | سَبِيلِ sabīli |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | سَبِيلَيْن sabīlayn | السَّبِيلَيْن as-sabīlayn | سَبِيلَيْ sabīlay |
| Nominative | سَبِيلَانِ sabīlāni | السَّبِيلَانِ as-sabīlāni | سَبِيلَا sabīlā |
| Accusative | سَبِيلَيْنِ sabīlayni | السَّبِيلَيْنِ as-sabīlayni | سَبِيلَيْ sabīlay |
| Genitive | سَبِيلَيْنِ sabīlayni | السَّبِيلَيْنِ as-sabīlayni | سَبِيلَيْ sabīlay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | سُبُل subul | السُّبُل as-subul | سُبُل subul |
| Nominative | سُبُلٌ subulun | السُّبُلُ as-subulu | سُبُلُ subulu |
| Accusative | سُبُلًا subulan | السُّبُلَ as-subula | سُبُلَ subula |
| Genitive | سُبُلٍ subulin | السُّبُلِ as-subuli | سُبُلِ subuli |
Derived terms
- اِبْن السَّبِيل (ibn as-sabīl, “wanderer”)
Descendants
- → Punjabi: ਛਬੀਲ f (chabīl)
References
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 162
- Schwally, Friedrich (1899), “Lexikalische Studien. (Fortsetzung.)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 53, page 197
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “سبيل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen