رصاف
Arabic
Alternative forms
- رَصَف (raṣaf)
Etymology
From the root ر ص ف (r-ṣ-f).
Noun
رِصَاف • (riṣāf) m (collective, singulative رِصَافَة f (riṣāfa), paucal رَصَائِف (raṣāʾif))
- sinew that is wound upon the socket of the head of an arrow to strengthen it
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḵāriyy, 61:117:
- يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لَا يُجَاوِزُ تَرَاقِيَهُمْ، يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الدِّينِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ، يُنْظَرُ إِلَى نَصْلِهِ فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى رِصَافِهِ فَمَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى نَضِيِّهِ ـ وَهُوَ قِدْحُهُ ـ فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى قُذَذِهِ فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، قَدْ سَبَقَ الْفَرْثَ وَٱلدَّمَ.
- yaqraʾūna l-qurʾāna lā yujāwizu tarāqiya-hum, yamruqūna mina d-dīni kamā yamruqu s-sahmu mina r-ramiyyati, yunẓaru ʾilā naṣli-hī fa-lā yūjadu fī-hi šayʾun, ṯumma yunẓaru ʾilā riṣāfi-hī fa-mā yūjadu fī-hi šayʾun, ṯumma yunẓaru ʾilā naḍiyyi-hī - wa-huwa qidḥu-hū - fa-lā yūjadu fī-hi šayʾun, ṯumma yunẓaru ʾilā quḏaḏi-hī fa-lā yūjadu fī-hi šayʾun, qad sabaqa l-farṯa wa-d-dama.
- They recite the Qurʾān but it does not go beyond their clavicles and they will desert the creed as an arrow goes through a target’s body, so one would, on looking at the arrow’s blade, see nothing on it; then one would look at its sinew and see nothing, then one would look at its arrowshaft and see nothing, then one would look at its fletching and would see nothing, for the arrow, by its speed, has even obviated entrails and blood.
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Declension
Declension of noun رِصَاف (riṣāf)
| Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | رِصَاف riṣāf | الرِّصَاف ar-riṣāf | رِصَاف riṣāf |
| Nominative | رِصَافٌ riṣāfun | الرِّصَافُ ar-riṣāfu | رِصَافُ riṣāfu |
| Accusative | رِصَافًا riṣāfan | الرِّصَافَ ar-riṣāfa | رِصَافَ riṣāfa |
| Genitive | رِصَافٍ riṣāfin | الرِّصَافِ ar-riṣāfi | رِصَافِ riṣāfi |
| Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | رِصَافَة riṣāfa | الرِّصَافَة ar-riṣāfa | رِصَافَة riṣāfat |
| Nominative | رِصَافَةٌ riṣāfatun | الرِّصَافَةُ ar-riṣāfatu | رِصَافَةُ riṣāfatu |
| Accusative | رِصَافَةً riṣāfatan | الرِّصَافَةَ ar-riṣāfata | رِصَافَةَ riṣāfata |
| Genitive | رِصَافَةٍ riṣāfatin | الرِّصَافَةِ ar-riṣāfati | رِصَافَةِ riṣāfati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | رِصَافَتَيْن riṣāfatayn | الرِّصَافَتَيْن ar-riṣāfatayn | رِصَافَتَيْ riṣāfatay |
| Nominative | رِصَافَتَانِ riṣāfatāni | الرِّصَافَتَانِ ar-riṣāfatāni | رِصَافَتَا riṣāfatā |
| Accusative | رِصَافَتَيْنِ riṣāfatayni | الرِّصَافَتَيْنِ ar-riṣāfatayni | رِصَافَتَيْ riṣāfatay |
| Genitive | رِصَافَتَيْنِ riṣāfatayni | الرِّصَافَتَيْنِ ar-riṣāfatayni | رِصَافَتَيْ riṣāfatay |
| Paucal (3-10) | basic broken paucal diptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | رَصَائِف raṣāʾif | الرَّصَائِف ar-raṣāʾif | رَصَائِف raṣāʾif |
| Nominative | رَصَائِفُ raṣāʾifu | الرَّصَائِفُ ar-raṣāʾifu | رَصَائِفُ raṣāʾifu |
| Accusative | رَصَائِفَ raṣāʾifa | الرَّصَائِفَ ar-raṣāʾifa | رَصَائِفَ raṣāʾifa |
| Genitive | رَصَائِفَ raṣāʾifa | الرَّصَائِفِ ar-raṣāʾifi | رَصَائِفِ raṣāʾifi |
References
- Freytag, Georg (1833), “رصاف”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 156
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “رصاف”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 871
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “رصاف”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1094