دنيا
See also: دنیا
Arabic
Etymology
From the root د ن و (d-n-w) or د ن ي (d-n-y). Feminine elative of أَدْنَى (ʾadnā, “lower”). دُنيَا (“world”) is originally the "lower place" (as opposed to heaven, the "higher place"); compare English here below.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dun.jaː/
Adjective
دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f
- feminine singular of أَدْنَى (ʾadnā, “lower”)
Noun
دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f (dual دُنْيَيَان (dunyayān), plural دُنًا (dunan) or دُنًى (dunan) or دُنْيَيَات (dunyayāt))
- this mortal life; life in this world
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:145:
- وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلْآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا ۚ وَسَنَجْزِي ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ
- waman yurid ṯawāba d-dunyā nuʾtihi minhā waman yurid ṯawāba l-ʾāḵirati nuʾtihi minhā wasanajzī š-šākirīna
- And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.
-
- world (the Earth, or any this-worldly habitat, excluding the next world)
Declension
Declension of noun دُنْيَا (dunyā)
| Singular | singular invariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُنْيَا dunyā | الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā | دُنْيَا dunyā |
| Nominative | دُنْيَا dunyā | الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā | دُنْيَا dunyā |
| Accusative | دُنْيَا dunyā | الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā | دُنْيَا dunyā |
| Genitive | دُنْيَا dunyā | الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā | دُنْيَا dunyā |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | دُنْيَيَيْن dunyayayn | الدُّنْيَيَيْن ad-dunyayayn | دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay |
| Nominative | دُنْيَيَانِ dunyayāni | الدُّنْيَيَانِ ad-dunyayāni | دُنْيَيَا dunyayā |
| Accusative | دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni | الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni | دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay |
| Genitive | دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni | الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni | دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay |
| Plural | broken plural in ـًا (-an); broken plural in ـًى (-an); sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَات dunā; dunā; dunyayāt | الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَات ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāt | دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَات dunā; dunā; dunyayāt |
| Nominative | دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٌ dunan; dunan; dunyayātun | الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتُ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayātu | دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتُ dunā; dunā; dunyayātu |
| Accusative | دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan; dunan; dunyayātin | الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāti | دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā; dunā; dunyayāti |
| Genitive | دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan; dunan; dunyayātin | الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāti | دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā; dunā; dunyayāti |
Antonyms
- آخِرة (ʾāḵira)
Derived terms
- دُنْيَوِيّ (dunyawiyy)
Descendants
- Gulf Arabic: دنيا (dinya)
- Maltese: dinja
- Moroccan Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
- North Levantine Arabic: دني (dini), دنيي (dinyi), دنيا (dinya)
- → Classical Persian: دنیا (dunyā)
- Persian: دنیا (donyâ)
- Tajik: дунё (dunyo)
- → Azerbaijani: dünya
- → Bashkir: донъя (donʺya)
- → Bengali: দুনিয়া (duniya)
- → Central Kurdish: دنیا (dinya)
- → Chagatai:
- Uyghur: دۇنيا (dunya)
- Uzbek: dunyo
- → Dhivehi: ދުނިޔެ (duniye)
- → Dongxiang: duya, dunya
- → Georgian: დუნია (dunia)
- → Kazakh: дүние (dünie)
- → Kumyk: дюнья (dünʹya)
- → Kyrgyz: дүйнө (düynö)
- → Laki: دنیا (dinya)
- → Lishana Deni: דונייה (dunye)
- → Marathi: दुनिया (duniyā)
- → Nogai: дуныя (dunıya)
- → Northern Kurdish: dinya
- → Old Gujarati:
- Gujarati: દુનિયા (duniyā)
- Rajasthani: दुनियांण (duniyā̃ṇ)
- → Old Hindi:
- Hindi: दुनिया (duniyā)
- Fiji Hindi: dunia
- Urdu: دنیا (duniyā)
- → Nepali: दुनिया (duniyā)
- Hindi: दुनिया (duniyā)
- → Pashto: دنيا (dunyā)
- → Punjabi: ਦੁਨੀਆ (dunīā), دنیا (dunīā)
- → Siberian Tatar: тонйа (tonya)
- → Tatar: дөнья (dön’ya)
- → Tausug: dunya
- → Turkmen: dünýä
- → Daba: dúnyà
- → Malayic:
- Karo Batak: doni
- Javanese: donya
- Indonesian: dunia
- Malay: dunia
- Minangkabau: dunia
- Sasak: dunie
- Sundanese: dunya
- → Hausa: duniya
- → Kabyle: ddunit
- → Ottoman Turkish: دنیا (dunyā /dünya/)
- Turkish: dünya
- → Abkhaz: адунеи (adunej)
- → Albanian: dynja
- → Armenian: դունյա (dunya)
- → Bulgarian: дюня́ (djunjá), дуня́ (dunjá)
- → Laz: დუნჲა (dunya)
- → Macedonian: дуња (dunja)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ду̏ња
- Latin: dȕnja
- → Greek: ντουνιάς (douniás)
- → Somali: dunida
- → Swahili: dunia
- → Tashelhit: ddunit
- → Yoruba: duniyan
From الدُّنْيَا (ad-dunyā):
- → Afar: addunyá
- → Oromo: addunyaa
- → Saho: udduuniya
- → Somali: addúun
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “دنو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Gujarati
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian دنیا (donyâ) from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā), or from Arabic directly.
Noun
دنيا • (dunyā) f (Standard Gujarati દુનિયા)
- (Lisan ud-Dawat) world, universe
Moroccan Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dun.ja/, /din.ja/
Audio (file)
Noun
دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f (plural دُنيات (dunyāt) or دِنيات (dinyāt))
- world, earth
- Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)
- هاد الراجل هو أسرع واحد فهاد الدنيا
- hād er-rājel huwwa ʔasraʕ wāḥed f-hād ed-dunya
- This man is the fastest in the world.
- it; things; everything; used to refer to general states and circumstances
- الدنيا مغيمة غدا ― ed-dunya mḡayyma ḡadda ― It'll be cloudy tomorrow.
- الدنيا عامرة اليوم فهاد المحال ― ed-dunya ʕāmra f-hād el-maḥāl ― This store is crowded today.
South Levantine Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| د ن و |
Etymology
From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Equivalent to the feminine elative of أدنى (ʔadna, “lower, lowest”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /din.ja/, [ˈdɪn.ja]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Noun
دنيا • (dinya) f
- world
- Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)
- this world (opposed to the hereafter)
- Antonym: آخرة (ʔāḵre)
- it (dummy subject for the weather and seasons)
Usage notes
- When describing the weather, الدنيا (id-dinya) is followed by a noun rather than an adjective.
- الدنيا شوب.
- id-dinya šōb.
- It's hot (outside).
- (literally, “The world is heat.”)
- When used with a verb الدنيا (id-dinya) is optional, but the verb remains in the 3rd person feminine singular.
- (الدنيا) عم بتشتي.
- (id-dinya) ʕam bitšatti.
- It's raining.