دم
Arabic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dam.ma/
Verb
دَمَّ • (damma) I, non-past يَدُمُّ (yadummu)
- to coat, to smear
- to paint, to daub, to dye, to tint
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | دَمّ damm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | دَامّ dāmm | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مَدْمُوم madmūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | دَمَمْتُ damamtu | دَمَمْتَ damamta | دَمَّ damma | دَمَمْتُمَا damamtumā | دَمَّا dammā | دَمَمْنَا damamnā | دَمَمْتُمْ damamtum | دَمُّوا dammū | |||
f | دَمَمْتِ damamti | دَمَّتْ dammat | دَمَّتَا dammatā | دَمَمْتُنَّ damamtunna | دَمَمْنَ damamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أَدُمُّ ʾadummu | تَدُمُّ tadummu | يَدُمُّ yadummu | تَدُمَّانِ tadummāni | يَدُمَّانِ yadummāni | نَدُمُّ nadummu | تَدُمُّونَ tadummūna | يَدُمُّونَ yadummūna | |||
f | تَدُمِّينَ tadummīna | تَدُمُّ tadummu | تَدُمَّانِ tadummāni | تَدْمُمْنَ tadmumna | يَدْمُمْنَ yadmumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أَدُمَّ ʾadumma | تَدُمَّ tadumma | يَدُمَّ yadumma | تَدُمَّا tadummā | يَدُمَّا yadummā | نَدُمَّ nadumma | تَدُمُّوا tadummū | يَدُمُّوا yadummū | |||
f | تَدُمِّي tadummī | تَدُمَّ tadumma | تَدُمَّا tadummā | تَدْمُمْنَ tadmumna | يَدْمُمْنَ yadmumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أَدُمَّ or أَدُمِّ or أَدْمُمْ ʾadumma or ʾadummi or ʾadmum | تَدُمَّ or تَدُمِّ or تَدْمُمْ tadumma or tadummi or tadmum | يَدُمَّ or يَدُمِّ or يَدْمُمْ yadumma or yadummi or yadmum | تَدُمَّا tadummā | يَدُمَّا yadummā | نَدُمَّ or نَدُمِّ or نَدْمُمْ nadumma or nadummi or nadmum | تَدُمُّوا tadummū | يَدُمُّوا yadummū | |||
f | تَدُمِّي tadummī | تَدُمَّ or تَدُمِّ or تَدْمُمْ tadumma or tadummi or tadmum | تَدُمَّا tadummā | تَدْمُمْنَ tadmumna | يَدْمُمْنَ yadmumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | دُمَّ or دُمِّ or اُدْمُمْ dumma or dummi or udmum | دُمَّا dummā | دُمُّوا dummū | ||||||||
f | دُمِّي dummī | اُدْمُمْنَ udmumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | دُمِمْتُ dumimtu | دُمِمْتَ dumimta | دُمَّ dumma | دُمِمْتُمَا dumimtumā | دُمَّا dummā | دُمِمْنَا dumimnā | دُمِمْتُمْ dumimtum | دُمُّوا dummū | |||
f | دُمِمْتِ dumimti | دُمَّتْ dummat | دُمَّتَا dummatā | دُمِمْتُنَّ dumimtunna | دُمِمْنَ dumimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُدَمُّ ʾudammu | تُدَمُّ tudammu | يُدَمُّ yudammu | تُدَمَّانِ tudammāni | يُدَمَّانِ yudammāni | نُدَمُّ nudammu | تُدَمُّونَ tudammūna | يُدَمُّونَ yudammūna | |||
f | تُدَمِّينَ tudammīna | تُدَمُّ tudammu | تُدَمَّانِ tudammāni | تُدْمَمْنَ tudmamna | يُدْمَمْنَ yudmamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُدَمَّ ʾudamma | تُدَمَّ tudamma | يُدَمَّ yudamma | تُدَمَّا tudammā | يُدَمَّا yudammā | نُدَمَّ nudamma | تُدَمُّوا tudammū | يُدَمُّوا yudammū | |||
f | تُدَمِّي tudammī | تُدَمَّ tudamma | تُدَمَّا tudammā | تُدْمَمْنَ tudmamna | يُدْمَمْنَ yudmamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُدَمَّ or أُدَمِّ or أُدْمَمْ ʾudamma or ʾudammi or ʾudmam | تُدَمَّ or تُدَمِّ or تُدْمَمْ tudamma or tudammi or tudmam | يُدَمَّ or يُدَمِّ or يُدْمَمْ yudamma or yudammi or yudmam | تُدَمَّا tudammā | يُدَمَّا yudammā | نُدَمَّ or نُدَمِّ or نُدْمَمْ nudamma or nudammi or nudmam | تُدَمُّوا tudammū | يُدَمُّوا yudammū | |||
f | تُدَمِّي tudammī | تُدَمَّ or تُدَمِّ or تُدْمَمْ tudamma or tudammi or tudmam | تُدَمَّا tudammā | تُدْمَمْنَ tudmamna | يُدْمَمْنَ yudmamna |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /damm/
Noun
دَمّ • (damm) m
- verbal noun of دَمَّ (damma) (form I)
- ointment, salve, unguent, liniment
- paint
- pigment, dye
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دَمّ damm | الدَّمّ ad-damm | دَمّ damm |
Nominative | دَمٌّ dammun | الدَّمُّ ad-dammu | دَمُّ dammu |
Accusative | دَمًّا damman | الدَّمَّ ad-damma | دَمَّ damma |
Genitive | دَمٍّ dammin | الدَّمِّ ad-dammi | دَمِّ dammi |
Etymology 3
From Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-. Cognate with Hebrew דם.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dam/
Noun
دَم • (dam) m (dual دَمَانِ (damāni) or دَمَيَان (damayān) or دَمَوَانِ (damawāni), plural دِمَاء (dimāʾ))
- (uncountable) blood
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دَم dam | الدَّم ad-dam | دَم dam |
Nominative | دَمٌ damun | الدَّمُ ad-damu | دَمُ damu |
Accusative | دَمًا daman | الدَّمَ ad-dama | دَمَ dama |
Genitive | دَمٍ damin | الدَّمِ ad-dami | دَمِ dami |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | دَمَيْن; دَمَيَيْن; دَمَوَيْن damayn; damayayn; damawayn | الدَّمَيْن; الدَّمَيَيْن; الدَّمَوَيْن ad-damayn; ad-damayayn; ad-damawayn | دَمَيْ; دَمَيَيْ; دَمَوَيْ damay; damayay; damaway |
Nominative | دَمَانِ; دَمَيَانِ; دَمَوَانِ damāni; damayāni; damawāni | الدَّمَانِ; الدَّمَيَانِ; الدَّمَوَانِ ad-damāni; ad-damayāni; ad-damawāni | دَمَا; دَمَيَا; دَمَوَا damā; damayā; damawā |
Accusative | دَمَيْنِ; دَمَيَيْنِ; دَمَوَيْنِ damayni; damayayni; damawayni | الدَّمَيْنِ; الدَّمَيَيْنِ; الدَّمَوَيْنِ ad-damayni; ad-damayayni; ad-damawayni | دَمَيْ; دَمَيَيْ; دَمَوَيْ damay; damayay; damaway |
Genitive | دَمَيْنِ; دَمَيَيْنِ; دَمَوَيْنِ damayni; damayayni; damawayni | الدَّمَيْنِ; الدَّمَيَيْنِ; الدَّمَوَيْنِ ad-damayni; ad-damayayni; ad-damawayni | دَمَيْ; دَمَيَيْ; دَمَوَيْ damay; damayay; damaway |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دِمَاء dimāʾ | الدِّمَاء ad-dimāʾ | دِمَاء dimāʾ |
Nominative | دِمَاءٌ dimāʾun | الدِّمَاءُ ad-dimāʾu | دِمَاءُ dimāʾu |
Accusative | دِمَاءً dimāʾan | الدِّمَاءَ ad-dimāʾa | دِمَاءَ dimāʾa |
Genitive | دِمَاءٍ dimāʾin | الدِّمَاءِ ad-dimāʾi | دِمَاءِ dimāʾi |
Related terms
- دَمَوِيّ (damawiyy)
Descendants
- Maltese: demm
- Moroccan Arabic: دم (damm)
- → Indonesian: dam (“punishment”)
- → Swahili: damu
Etymology 4
Suggested by Hommel as inherited from a Proto-Semitic *dimm- (“wild cat”), but presumably borrowed from Ge'ez ድመት (dəmmat), because this is a Lockwort rare in literary Arabic and appears in the dialects only in northwest Yemen, whereas it overspreads all Ethiopian Semitic as the word for the cat; the compared Akkadian 𒁺𒈠𒈬 (du-ma-mu /dumāmu, tumāmu/, “leopard”) is considered probably a foreign borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dimm/
Noun
دِمّ • (dimm) m (plural دِمَم (dimam), feminine دِمّة (dimma)) (now only Yemen)
- cat; wild cat
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دِمّ dimm | الدِّمّ ad-dimm | دِمّ dimm | دِمَّة dimma | الدِّمَّة ad-dimma | دِمَّة dimmat |
Nominative | دِمٌّ dimmun | الدِّمُّ ad-dimmu | دِمُّ dimmu | دِمَّةٌ dimmatun | الدِّمَّةُ ad-dimmatu | دِمَّةُ dimmatu |
Accusative | دِمًّا dimman | الدِّمَّ ad-dimma | دِمَّ dimma | دِمَّةً dimmatan | الدِّمَّةَ ad-dimmata | دِمَّةَ dimmata |
Genitive | دِمٍّ dimmin | الدِّمِّ ad-dimmi | دِمِّ dimmi | دِمَّةٍ dimmatin | الدِّمَّةِ ad-dimmati | دِمَّةِ dimmati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دِمَّيْن dimmayn | الدِّمَّيْن ad-dimmayn | دِمَّيْ dimmay | دِمَّتَيْن dimmatayn | الدِّمَّتَيْن ad-dimmatayn | دِمَّتَيْ dimmatay |
Nominative | دِمَّانِ dimmāni | الدِّمَّانِ ad-dimmāni | دِمَّا dimmā | دِمَّتَانِ dimmatāni | الدِّمَّتَانِ ad-dimmatāni | دِمَّتَا dimmatā |
Accusative | دِمَّيْنِ dimmayni | الدِّمَّيْنِ ad-dimmayni | دِمَّيْ dimmay | دِمَّتَيْنِ dimmatayni | الدِّمَّتَيْنِ ad-dimmatayni | دِمَّتَيْ dimmatay |
Genitive | دِمَّيْنِ dimmayni | الدِّمَّيْنِ ad-dimmayni | دِمَّيْ dimmay | دِمَّتَيْنِ dimmatayni | الدِّمَّتَيْنِ ad-dimmatayni | دِمَّتَيْ dimmatay |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
basic broken plural triptote | sound feminine plural | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دِمَم dimam | الدِّمَم ad-dimam | دِمَم dimam | دِمَّات dimmāt | الدِّمَّات ad-dimmāt | دِمَّات dimmāt |
Nominative | دِمَمٌ dimamun | الدِّمَمُ ad-dimamu | دِمَمُ dimamu | دِمَّاتٌ dimmātun | الدِّمَّاتُ ad-dimmātu | دِمَّاتُ dimmātu |
Accusative | دِمَمًا dimaman | الدِّمَمَ ad-dimama | دِمَمَ dimama | دِمَّاتٍ dimmātin | الدِّمَّاتِ ad-dimmāti | دِمَّاتِ dimmāti |
Genitive | دِمَمٍ dimamin | الدِّمَمِ ad-dimami | دِمَمِ dimami | دِمَّاتٍ dimmātin | الدِّمَّاتِ ad-dimmāti | دِمَّاتِ dimmāti |
References
- Behnstedt, Peter; Woidich, Manfred (2005) Arabische Dialektgeographie. Eine Einführung (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 78) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, DOI:, →ISBN, page 200
- Behnstedt, Peter; Woidich, Manfred (2010) Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte – Band I: Mensch, Natur, Fauna und Flora (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 100) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, DOI:, →ISBN, page 326–329
- Hommel, Fritz (1879) Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, pages 318–319
- Landsberger, Benno (1931), “Lexikalisches Archiv”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 40, page 296 / Nr. 2
- Landsberger, Benno (1934) Die Fauna des alten Mesopotamien nach der 14. Tafel der Serie ḪAR-RA = ḫubullu (Abhandlungen der philologisch-historischen Klasse der sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; XLII. Nr. VI) (in German), Leipzig: Salomon Hirzel, pages 83–84
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 58
- Soden, Wolfram von (1933), “Der hymnisch-epische Dialekt des Akkadischen”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 41, page 168 / Fn. 4
Etymology 5
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dum/
Verb
دُمْ • (dum) (form I)
- second-person masculine singular imperative active of دَامَ (dāma)
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of دَامَ (dāma)
Laki
Noun
دم (dim)
- (anatomy) mouth
Malay
Noun
دم (plural دم-دم or دم۲, informal 1st possessive دمکو, 2nd possessive دممو, 3rd possessive دمڽ)
- Jawi spelling of dam
Moroccan Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic دَم (dam).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /damː/
Audio (file)
Noun
دم • (damm) m (plural دمايات (dmāyāt))
- blood
Persian
Etymology 1
Spoken form of دنب (donb); see there for etymology.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /dum/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /dʊm/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /dom/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /dum/
Noun
Dari | دم |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | дум (dum) |
دم • (dom)
- tail
Derived terms
- کژدم (každom)
- بیدم (bi-dom)
- دمی (domi)
- دم اسبی (dom-e asbi)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: düm
- → Lezgi: ттум (t̄um)
Etymology 2
Middle Persian [script needed] (dam).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /dam/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /dam/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /dæm/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /dam/
Noun
Dari | دم |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | дам (dam) |
دم • (dam)
- breath
- steam
- moment
Related terms
- دمیدن (damidan)
Descendants
- → Armenian: դամ (dam)
- → Bengali: দম (dômô)
- → Azerbaijani: dəm
- → Kazakh: дем (dem)
- → Ottoman Turkish: دم (dem)
- Turkish: dem
- → Hindi: दम (dam)
- → Urdu: دم (dam)
Etymology 3
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos.
Noun
دم • (dam)
- edge
- blade
Etymology 4
From Arabic دَم (dam).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /dam/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /dam/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /dæm/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /dam/
Noun
دم • (dam)
- (obsolete) blood
- Synonym: خون (xun)
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic دَم (dam).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /damm/, [dam]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Noun
دمّ • (damm) m
- blood
Derived terms
- تقيل الدمّ (tʔīl id-damm, “unpleasant, disagreeable, irritating”)
Urdu
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Sanskrit दम (dama).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əm/
Noun
دم • (dam) m (Hindi spelling दम)
- taming
- self-restraint
- self-control
- temperance
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Persian دم (dam).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əm/
Noun
دم • (dam) m (Hindi spelling दम)
- breath
- puff
- whiff
- life, vitality
- energy, vigour
- moment, instant
- draught
- elasticity
- strength
- ambition
- pleasure
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Persian, from Sanskrit दम्भ (dambha).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əm/
Noun
دم • (dam) m (Hindi spelling दम)
- deceit
- fraud
- trickery
- trick
- coaxing
- arrogance
- pride
- boasting
Etymology 4
From Arabic دَم (dam).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əm/
Noun
دم • (dam) m (Hindi spelling दम)
- blood
Etymology 5
Borrowed from Persian دم (dom).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪ʊm/
Noun
دم • (dum) f (Hindi spelling दुम)
- tail
- end
- extremity
- follower