خليل
Arabic
Etymology
From the root خ ل ل (ḵ-l-l) related to picking and perforation, probably so because a particular fashion of being intimate is to pick each others bodies as a part for cleanliness.
Noun
خَلِيل • (ḵalīl) m (plural أَخِلَّاء (ʾaḵillāʾ) or أَخِلَّة (ʾaḵilla) or خُلَّان (ḵullān) or خِلَال (ḵilāl), feminine خَلِيلَة (ḵalīla)) (countable)
- an intimate friend
- Synonyms: صَاحِب (ṣāḥib), رَفِيق (rafīq), صَدِيق (ṣadīq)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 43:67:
- الْأَخِلَّاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلَّا الْمُتَّقِينَ
- al-ʾaḵillāʾu yawmaʾiḏin baʿḍuhum libaʿḍin ʿaduwwun ʾillā l-muttaqīna
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- a bedmate
- Synonym: (archaic) خِدْن (ḵidn)
- (Can we date this quote?), al-Baḡawī, معالم التنزيل [The Signposts of the Revelation]:
- قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى : ( وَلَا تَنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَّ ) سَبَبُ نُزُولِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ أَنَّ أَبَا مَرْثَدٍ الْغَنَوِيَّ بَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ لِيُخْرِجَ مِنْهَا نَاسًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سِرًّا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَهَا سَمِعَتْ بِهِ امْرَأَةٌ مُشْرِكَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا عِنَاقُ وَكَانَتْ خَلِيلَتَهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَتَتْهُ وَقَالَتْ : يَا أَبَا مَرْثَدٍ أَلَا تَخْلُو؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَيْحَكِ يَا عَنَاقُ إِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ قَدْ حَالَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ : فَهَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ بِي؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَلَكِنْ أَرْجِعُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْتَأْمِرُهُ فَقَالَتْ أَبِي تَتَبَرَّمُ؟ ثُمَّ اسْتَغَاثَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ ضَرْبًا شَدِيدًا ثُمَّ خَلَّوْا سَبِيلَهُ فَلَمَّا قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ بِمَكَّةَ وَانْصَرَفَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْلَمَهُ بِالَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ وَأَمْرِ عَنَاقَ وَمَا لَقِيَ بِسَبَبِهَا وَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيَحِلُّ لِي أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَهَا؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ( وَلَا تَنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَّ )
- Allah says, "Do not marry [or "sleep with"] the associators till they believe". The occasion of the verse was that Abū Marṯad al-Ḡanawī, whom the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had sent off to Mecca to sneak a number of Muslims secretly, was spotted when he arrived there by a women of the associators named ʿAnāq, who was his bedfellow back in the era of ignorance. Thus, she came to him and said, "Abū Marṯad, would you like to 'take me aside'?", and he said to her, "Slow down, ʿAnāq! Our faith now keeps us away from this!" Thus, she said, "Will you marry me, then?" "Sure!" he said, "but I must go back to the Prophet and ask him first." So she said, "Huh, now you are weary of me?" Then she cried out, and he was beaten up severely, and then they let him go. When he finished his task in Mecca afterward and set out back to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he recounted to him what was between him and ʿAnāq and what he had gone through because of her. "O Prophet!" he said to him, "is it lawful for me to wed her?" Thereupon, Allah revealed this verse, "Do not marry [or "sleep with"] the associators till they believe".
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Declension
Declension of noun خَلِيل (ḵalīl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | خَلِيل ḵalīl | الْخَلِيل al-ḵalīl | خَلِيل ḵalīl |
| Nominative | خَلِيلٌ ḵalīlun | الْخَلِيلُ al-ḵalīlu | خَلِيلُ ḵalīlu |
| Accusative | خَلِيلًا ḵalīlan | الْخَلِيلَ al-ḵalīla | خَلِيلَ ḵalīla |
| Genitive | خَلِيلٍ ḵalīlin | الْخَلِيلِ al-ḵalīli | خَلِيلِ ḵalīli |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | خَلِيلَيْن ḵalīlayn | الْخَلِيلَيْن al-ḵalīlayn | خَلِيلَيْ ḵalīlay |
| Nominative | خَلِيلَانِ ḵalīlāni | الْخَلِيلَانِ al-ḵalīlāni | خَلِيلَا ḵalīlā |
| Accusative | خَلِيلَيْنِ ḵalīlayni | الْخَلِيلَيْنِ al-ḵalīlayni | خَلِيلَيْ ḵalīlay |
| Genitive | خَلِيلَيْنِ ḵalīlayni | الْخَلِيلَيْنِ al-ḵalīlayni | خَلِيلَيْ ḵalīlay |
| Plural | basic broken plural diptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَخِلَّاء; أَخِلَّة; خُلَّان; خِلَال ʾaḵillāʾ; ʾaḵilla; ḵullān; ḵilāl | الْأَخِلَّاء; الْأَخِلَّة; الْخُلَّان; الْخِلَال al-ʾaḵillāʾ; al-ʾaḵilla; al-ḵullān; al-ḵilāl | أَخِلَّاء; أَخِلَّة; خُلَّان; خِلَال ʾaḵillāʾ; ʾaḵillat; ḵullān; ḵilāl |
| Nominative | أَخِلَّاءُ; أَخِلَّةٌ; خُلَّانٌ; خِلَالٌ ʾaḵillāʾu; ʾaḵillatun; ḵullānun; ḵilālun | الْأَخِلَّاءُ; الْأَخِلَّةُ; الْخُلَّانُ; الْخِلَالُ al-ʾaḵillāʾu; al-ʾaḵillatu; al-ḵullānu; al-ḵilālu | أَخِلَّاءُ; أَخِلَّةُ; خُلَّانُ; خِلَالُ ʾaḵillāʾu; ʾaḵillatu; ḵullānu; ḵilālu |
| Accusative | أَخِلَّاءَ; أَخِلَّةً; خُلَّانًا; خِلَالًا ʾaḵillāʾa; ʾaḵillatan; ḵullānan; ḵilālan | الْأَخِلَّاءَ; الْأَخِلَّةَ; الْخُلَّانَ; الْخِلَالَ al-ʾaḵillāʾa; al-ʾaḵillata; al-ḵullāna; al-ḵilāla | أَخِلَّاءَ; أَخِلَّةَ; خُلَّانَ; خِلَالَ ʾaḵillāʾa; ʾaḵillata; ḵullāna; ḵilāla |
| Genitive | أَخِلَّاءَ; أَخِلَّةٍ; خُلَّانٍ; خِلَالٍ ʾaḵillāʾa; ʾaḵillatin; ḵullānin; ḵilālin | الْأَخِلَّاءِ; الْأَخِلَّةِ; الْخُلَّانِ; الْخِلَالِ al-ʾaḵillāʾi; al-ʾaḵillati; al-ḵullāni; al-ḵilāli | أَخِلَّاءِ; أَخِلَّةِ; خُلَّانِ; خِلَالِ ʾaḵillāʾi; ʾaḵillati; ḵullāni; ḵilāli |
Proper noun
خَلِيل • (ḵalīl) m
- a male given name; Khalil
Declension
Declension of noun خَلِيل (ḵalīl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | — | خَلِيل ḵalīl | — |
| Nominative | — | خَلِيلٌ ḵalīlun | — |
| Accusative | — | خَلِيلًا ḵalīlan | — |
| Genitive | — | خَلِيلٍ ḵalīlin | — |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: Xəlil
- → Turkish: Halil
- → English: Khalil