حمص
Arabic
Etymology 1
Compare Akkadian 𒋰 (TAB /ḫamāṭu/, “to apply heat, to burn, to scorch, to parch, to roast”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħam.ma.sˤa/
Verb
حَمَّصَ • (ḥammaṣa) II, non-past يُحَمِّصُ (yuḥammiṣu)
- to roast (coffee), toast (bread)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر | تَحْمِيص taḥmīṣ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُحَمِّص muḥammiṣ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُحَمَّص muḥammaṣ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | حَمَّصْتُ ḥammaṣtu | حَمَّصْتَ ḥammaṣta | حَمَّصَ ḥammaṣa | حَمَّصْتُمَا ḥammaṣtumā | حَمَّصَا ḥammaṣā | حَمَّصْنَا ḥammaṣnā | حَمَّصْتُمْ ḥammaṣtum | حَمَّصُوا ḥammaṣū | |||
f | حَمَّصْتِ ḥammaṣti | حَمَّصَتْ ḥammaṣat | حَمَّصَتَا ḥammaṣatā | حَمَّصْتُنَّ ḥammaṣtunna | حَمَّصْنَ ḥammaṣna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُحَمِّصُ ʾuḥammiṣu | تُحَمِّصُ tuḥammiṣu | يُحَمِّصُ yuḥammiṣu | تُحَمِّصَانِ tuḥammiṣāni | يُحَمِّصَانِ yuḥammiṣāni | نُحَمِّصُ nuḥammiṣu | تُحَمِّصُونَ tuḥammiṣūna | يُحَمِّصُونَ yuḥammiṣūna | |||
f | تُحَمِّصِينَ tuḥammiṣīna | تُحَمِّصُ tuḥammiṣu | تُحَمِّصَانِ tuḥammiṣāni | تُحَمِّصْنَ tuḥammiṣna | يُحَمِّصْنَ yuḥammiṣna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُحَمِّصَ ʾuḥammiṣa | تُحَمِّصَ tuḥammiṣa | يُحَمِّصَ yuḥammiṣa | تُحَمِّصَا tuḥammiṣā | يُحَمِّصَا yuḥammiṣā | نُحَمِّصَ nuḥammiṣa | تُحَمِّصُوا tuḥammiṣū | يُحَمِّصُوا yuḥammiṣū | |||
f | تُحَمِّصِي tuḥammiṣī | تُحَمِّصَ tuḥammiṣa | تُحَمِّصَا tuḥammiṣā | تُحَمِّصْنَ tuḥammiṣna | يُحَمِّصْنَ yuḥammiṣna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُحَمِّصْ ʾuḥammiṣ | تُحَمِّصْ tuḥammiṣ | يُحَمِّصْ yuḥammiṣ | تُحَمِّصَا tuḥammiṣā | يُحَمِّصَا yuḥammiṣā | نُحَمِّصْ nuḥammiṣ | تُحَمِّصُوا tuḥammiṣū | يُحَمِّصُوا yuḥammiṣū | |||
f | تُحَمِّصِي tuḥammiṣī | تُحَمِّصْ tuḥammiṣ | تُحَمِّصَا tuḥammiṣā | تُحَمِّصْنَ tuḥammiṣna | يُحَمِّصْنَ yuḥammiṣna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر | m | حَمِّصْ ḥammiṣ | حَمِّصَا ḥammiṣā | حَمِّصُوا ḥammiṣū | ||||||||
f | حَمِّصِي ḥammiṣī | حَمِّصْنَ ḥammiṣna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | حُمِّصْتُ ḥummiṣtu | حُمِّصْتَ ḥummiṣta | حُمِّصَ ḥummiṣa | حُمِّصْتُمَا ḥummiṣtumā | حُمِّصَا ḥummiṣā | حُمِّصْنَا ḥummiṣnā | حُمِّصْتُمْ ḥummiṣtum | حُمِّصُوا ḥummiṣū | |||
f | حُمِّصْتِ ḥummiṣti | حُمِّصَتْ ḥummiṣat | حُمِّصَتَا ḥummiṣatā | حُمِّصْتُنَّ ḥummiṣtunna | حُمِّصْنَ ḥummiṣna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُحَمَّصُ ʾuḥammaṣu | تُحَمَّصُ tuḥammaṣu | يُحَمَّصُ yuḥammaṣu | تُحَمَّصَانِ tuḥammaṣāni | يُحَمَّصَانِ yuḥammaṣāni | نُحَمَّصُ nuḥammaṣu | تُحَمَّصُونَ tuḥammaṣūna | يُحَمَّصُونَ yuḥammaṣūna | |||
f | تُحَمَّصِينَ tuḥammaṣīna | تُحَمَّصُ tuḥammaṣu | تُحَمَّصَانِ tuḥammaṣāni | تُحَمَّصْنَ tuḥammaṣna | يُحَمَّصْنَ yuḥammaṣna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُحَمَّصَ ʾuḥammaṣa | تُحَمَّصَ tuḥammaṣa | يُحَمَّصَ yuḥammaṣa | تُحَمَّصَا tuḥammaṣā | يُحَمَّصَا yuḥammaṣā | نُحَمَّصَ nuḥammaṣa | تُحَمَّصُوا tuḥammaṣū | يُحَمَّصُوا yuḥammaṣū | |||
f | تُحَمَّصِي tuḥammaṣī | تُحَمَّصَ tuḥammaṣa | تُحَمَّصَا tuḥammaṣā | تُحَمَّصْنَ tuḥammaṣna | يُحَمَّصْنَ yuḥammaṣna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُحَمَّصْ ʾuḥammaṣ | تُحَمَّصْ tuḥammaṣ | يُحَمَّصْ yuḥammaṣ | تُحَمَّصَا tuḥammaṣā | يُحَمَّصَا yuḥammaṣā | نُحَمَّصْ nuḥammaṣ | تُحَمَّصُوا tuḥammaṣū | يُحَمَّصُوا yuḥammaṣū | |||
f | تُحَمَّصِي tuḥammaṣī | تُحَمَّصْ tuḥammaṣ | تُحَمَّصَا tuḥammaṣā | تُحَمَّصْنَ tuḥammaṣna | يُحَمَّصْنَ yuḥammaṣna |
Derived terms
- مِحْمَصَة (miḥmaṣa, “coffee roaster”)
Etymology 2
The vowel variation points to it being borrowed from Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā) / חוּמְצָא (ḥumməṣā, “chickpea”). Cognate with Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́), possibly also related to Akkadian 𒋰 (TAB /ḫamāṭu/, “to apply heat, to burn, to scorch, to parch, to roast”), in the sense of being dehydrated or dried out beans.
Pronunciation
- (noun 1) IPA(key): /ħim.misˤ/, /ħim.masˤ/
- (noun 2) IPA(key): /ħum.musˤ/
Noun
حِمِّص or حِمَّص • (ḥimmiṣ or ḥimmaṣ) m (collective, singulative حِمِّصَة f (ḥimmiṣa) or حِمَّصَة f (ḥimmaṣa))
- chickpea
Declension
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِمِّص; حِمَّص ḥimmiṣ; ḥimmaṣ | الْحِمِّص; الْحِمَّص al-ḥimmiṣ; al-ḥimmaṣ | حِمِّص; حِمَّص ḥimmiṣ; ḥimmaṣ |
Nominative | حِمِّصٌ; حِمَّصٌ ḥimmiṣun; ḥimmaṣun | الْحِمِّصُ; الْحِمَّصُ al-ḥimmiṣu; al-ḥimmaṣu | حِمِّصُ; حِمَّصُ ḥimmiṣu; ḥimmaṣu |
Accusative | حِمِّصًا; حِمَّصًا ḥimmiṣan; ḥimmaṣan | الْحِمِّصَ; الْحِمَّصَ al-ḥimmiṣa; al-ḥimmaṣa | حِمِّصَ; حِمَّصَ ḥimmiṣa; ḥimmaṣa |
Genitive | حِمِّصٍ; حِمَّصٍ ḥimmiṣin; ḥimmaṣin | الْحِمِّصِ; الْحِمَّصِ al-ḥimmiṣi; al-ḥimmaṣi | حِمِّصِ; حِمَّصِ ḥimmiṣi; ḥimmaṣi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِمِّصَة; حِمَّصَة ḥimmiṣa; ḥimmaṣa | الْحِمِّصَة; الْحِمَّصَة al-ḥimmiṣa; al-ḥimmaṣa | حِمِّصَة; حِمَّصَة ḥimmiṣat; ḥimmaṣat |
Nominative | حِمِّصَةٌ; حِمَّصَةٌ ḥimmiṣatun; ḥimmaṣatun | الْحِمِّصَةُ; الْحِمَّصَةُ al-ḥimmiṣatu; al-ḥimmaṣatu | حِمِّصَةُ; حِمَّصَةُ ḥimmiṣatu; ḥimmaṣatu |
Accusative | حِمِّصَةً; حِمَّصَةً ḥimmiṣatan; ḥimmaṣatan | الْحِمِّصَةَ; الْحِمَّصَةَ al-ḥimmiṣata; al-ḥimmaṣata | حِمِّصَةَ; حِمَّصَةَ ḥimmiṣata; ḥimmaṣata |
Genitive | حِمِّصَةٍ; حِمَّصَةٍ ḥimmiṣatin; ḥimmaṣatin | الْحِمِّصَةِ; الْحِمَّصَةِ al-ḥimmiṣati; al-ḥimmaṣati | حِمِّصَةِ; حِمَّصَةِ ḥimmiṣati; ḥimmaṣati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حِمِّصَتَيْن; حِمَّصَتَيْن ḥimmiṣatayn; ḥimmaṣatayn | الْحِمِّصَتَيْن; الْحِمَّصَتَيْن al-ḥimmiṣatayn; al-ḥimmaṣatayn | حِمِّصَتَيْ; حِمَّصَتَيْ ḥimmiṣatay; ḥimmaṣatay |
Nominative | حِمِّصَتَانِ; حِمَّصَتَانِ ḥimmiṣatāni; ḥimmaṣatāni | الْحِمِّصَتَانِ; الْحِمَّصَتَانِ al-ḥimmiṣatāni; al-ḥimmaṣatāni | حِمِّصَتَا; حِمَّصَتَا ḥimmiṣatā; ḥimmaṣatā |
Accusative | حِمِّصَتَيْنِ; حِمَّصَتَيْنِ ḥimmiṣatayni; ḥimmaṣatayni | الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ; الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ al-ḥimmiṣatayni; al-ḥimmaṣatayni | حِمِّصَتَيْ; حِمَّصَتَيْ ḥimmiṣatay; ḥimmaṣatay |
Genitive | حِمِّصَتَيْنِ; حِمَّصَتَيْنِ ḥimmiṣatayni; ḥimmaṣatayni | الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ; الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ al-ḥimmiṣatayni; al-ḥimmaṣatayni | حِمِّصَتَيْ; حِمَّصَتَيْ ḥimmiṣatay; ḥimmaṣatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِمِّصَات; حِمَّصَات ḥimmiṣāt; ḥimmaṣāt | الْحِمِّصَات; الْحِمَّصَات al-ḥimmiṣāt; al-ḥimmaṣāt | حِمِّصَات; حِمَّصَات ḥimmiṣāt; ḥimmaṣāt |
Nominative | حِمِّصَاتٌ; حِمَّصَاتٌ ḥimmiṣātun; ḥimmaṣātun | الْحِمِّصَاتُ; الْحِمَّصَاتُ al-ḥimmiṣātu; al-ḥimmaṣātu | حِمِّصَاتُ; حِمَّصَاتُ ḥimmiṣātu; ḥimmaṣātu |
Accusative | حِمِّصَاتٍ; حِمَّصَاتٍ ḥimmiṣātin; ḥimmaṣātin | الْحِمِّصَاتِ; الْحِمَّصَاتِ al-ḥimmiṣāti; al-ḥimmaṣāti | حِمِّصَاتِ; حِمَّصَاتِ ḥimmiṣāti; ḥimmaṣāti |
Genitive | حِمِّصَاتٍ; حِمَّصَاتٍ ḥimmiṣātin; ḥimmaṣātin | الْحِمِّصَاتِ; الْحِمَّصَاتِ al-ḥimmiṣāti; al-ḥimmaṣāti | حِمِّصَاتِ; حِمَّصَاتِ ḥimmiṣāti; ḥimmaṣāti |
Noun
حُمُّص • (ḥummuṣ) m
- (colloquial) Alternative form of حِمِّص (ḥimmiṣ)
- hummus
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حُمُّص ḥummuṣ | الْحُمُّص al-ḥummuṣ | حُمُّص ḥummuṣ |
Nominative | حُمُّصٌ ḥummuṣun | الْحُمُّصُ al-ḥummuṣu | حُمُّصُ ḥummuṣu |
Accusative | حُمُّصًا ḥummuṣan | الْحُمُّصَ al-ḥummuṣa | حُمُّصَ ḥummuṣa |
Genitive | حُمُّصٍ ḥummuṣin | الْحُمُّصِ al-ḥummuṣi | حُمُّصِ ḥummuṣi |
Synonyms
- (hummus): حُمُّص بِطَحِينَةٍ (ḥummuṣ bi-ṭaḥīna)
Descendants
- → English: hummus
- → Hebrew: חוּמוּס (khumus)
- → Ottoman Turkish: حمص (hımmıs)
References
- “ḥmṣyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 108
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 141
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 433
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1875) Mandäische Grammatik (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, page 120 § 103 footnote 1
Etymology 3
From جُنْد حِمْص, “the military district or legion of Ḥims”, from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesa), descendant of Aramaic חֲמָת (ḥamāth, “fortress”, literally “frustration, hindrance”) + צובָא (ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħimsˤ/
Proper noun
حِمْص • (ḥimṣ) f
- Homs
- (historical) Seville
- 1267, Abu al-Baqa al-Rundi, Elegy for al-Andalus
Declension
Singular | basic singular diptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | — | حِمْص ḥimṣ | — |
Nominative | — | حِمْصُ ḥimṣu | — |
Accusative | — | حِمْصَ ḥimṣa | — |
Genitive | — | حِمْصَ ḥimṣa | — |
Synonyms
- (Homs): أُمّ الْحِجَار السُّود (ʾumm al-ḥijār as-sūd)
- (Seville): حِمْص الأَنْدَلُس (ḥimṣ al-ʾandalus)
Derived terms
- حِمْصِيّ (ḥimṣiyy)
Descendants
- → Ancient Greek: Χέμψ (Khémps)
- → Ottoman Turkish: حمص (Hıms)
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “حمص”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
North Levantine Arabic
Etymology 1
From Arabic حِمِّص، حُمُّص (ḥimmiṣ, ḥummuṣ).
Noun
حمص • (ḥummuṣ)
- (uncountable) hummus
- (collective, uncountable) chickpeas
Etymology 2
Compare Modern Standard Arabic حِمْص (ḥimṣ).
Proper noun
حمص • (ḥumṣ)
- Homs
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Arabic حِمِّص (ḥimmiṣ).
Noun
حمص • (hımmıs)
- chickpea
Related terms
- حمصی (hımmısî)
Descendants
- Turkish: humus
References
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “حمص”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 806
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic حِمْص (ḥimṣ).
Proper noun
حمص • (Hıms, vulg. Hams)
- Homs (a city in Syria)
Related terms
- حمصی (Hımsî)
Descendants
- Turkish: Humus
References
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “حمص”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 805
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ح م ص |
Etymology 1
From Arabic حَمَّص (ḥammaṣ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħam.masˤ/, [ˈħɑm.mɑsˤ]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
حمّص • (ḥammaṣ) (form II, present بحمّص (biḥammeṣ))
- to roast (coffee, seeds etc.)
- to toast (bread)
Conjugation
Conjugation of حمّص (ḥammaṣ) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | حمّصت (ḥammaṣt) | حمّصت (ḥammaṣt) | حمّص (ḥammaṣ) | حمّصنا (ḥammaṣna) | حمّصتو (ḥammaṣtu) | حمّصو (ḥammaṣu) | |
f | حمّصتي (ḥammaṣti) | حمّصت (ḥammaṣat) | ||||||
present | m | بحمّص (baḥammeṣ) | بتحمّص (bitḥammeṣ) | بحمّص (biḥammeṣ) | منحمّص (minḥammeṣ) | بتحمّصو (bitḥammṣu) | بحمّصو (biḥammṣu) | |
f | بتحمّصي (bitḥammṣi) | بتحمّص (bitḥammeṣ) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | احمّص (aḥammeṣ) | تحمّص (tḥammeṣ) | يحمّص (yḥammeṣ) | نحمّص (nḥammeṣ) | تحمّصو (tḥammṣu) | يحمّصو (yḥammṣu) | |
f | تحمّصي (tḥammṣi) | تحمّص (tḥammeṣ) | ||||||
imperative | m | حمّص (ḥammeṣ) | حمّصو (ḥammṣu) | |||||
f | حمّصي (ḥammṣi) |
Etymology 2
From Arabic حُمُّص (ḥummuṣ) and حِمِّص (ḥimmiṣ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħum.mosˤ/, [ˈħʊm.mʊsˤ]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Noun
حمّص • (ḥummoṣ) m
- (uncountable) chickpeas
- حبةحمّص ― ḥabbet ḥummoṣ ― a chickpea
- hummus
- صحنحمّص ― ṣaḥn ḥummoṣ ― a plate of hummus