جندر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English gender.

Noun

جِنْدَر • (jindar) m

gender identity

Etymology 2

By surface natively derived as from the root ج د ر‎ (j-d-r). Maybe from Classical Persian ‎ (jandar, “clothes”) or ‎ (jandara, “calender, mangle; smoothening”) in the sense of giving a new look to something, as the present verb is said to specifically apply to garments or fabrics, and writing materials.

Verb

جَنْدَرَ • (jandara) Iq, non-past يُجَنْدِرُ‎‎ (yujandiru) (Classical Arabic)

to restore, to reestablish, to renew the figure of

Conjugation

Conjugation of

جَنْدَرَ

(form-Iq sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					جَنْدَرَة‎ jandara
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُجَنْدِر‎ mujandir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُجَنْدَر‎ mujandar
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جَنْدَرْتُ‎ jandartu	جَنْدَرْتَ‎ jandarta	جَنْدَرَ jandara	جَنْدَرْتُمَا‎ jandartumā	جَنْدَرَا‎ jandarā	جَنْدَرْنَا‎ jandarnā	جَنْدَرْتُمْ‎ jandartum	جَنْدَرُوا‎ jandarū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	جَنْدَرْتُ‎ jandartu	جَنْدَرْتِ‎ jandarti	جَنْدَرَتْ‎ jandarat	جَنْدَرْتُمَا‎ jandartumā	جَنْدَرَتَا‎ jandaratā	جَنْدَرْنَا‎ jandarnā	جَنْدَرْتُنَّ‎ jandartunna	جَنْدَرْنَ‎ jandarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُجَنْدِرُ‎ ʔujandiru	تُجَنْدِرُ‎ tujandiru	يُجَنْدِرُ‎ yujandiru	تُجَنْدِرَانِ‎ tujandirāni	يُجَنْدِرَانِ‎ yujandirāni	نُجَنْدِرُ‎ nujandiru	تُجَنْدِرُونَ‎ tujandirūna	يُجَنْدِرُونَ‎ yujandirūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُجَنْدِرُ‎ ʔujandiru	تُجَنْدِرِينَ‎ tujandirīna	تُجَنْدِرُ‎ tujandiru	تُجَنْدِرَانِ‎ tujandirāni	تُجَنْدِرَانِ‎ tujandirāni	نُجَنْدِرُ‎ nujandiru	تُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ tujandirna	يُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ yujandirna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُجَنْدِرَ‎ ʔujandira	تُجَنْدِرَ‎ tujandira	يُجَنْدِرَ‎ yujandira	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	يُجَنْدِرَا‎ yujandirā	نُجَنْدِرَ‎ nujandira	تُجَنْدِرُوا‎ tujandirū	يُجَنْدِرُوا‎ yujandirū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُجَنْدِرَ‎ ʔujandira	تُجَنْدِرِي‎ tujandirī	تُجَنْدِرَ‎ tujandira	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	نُجَنْدِرَ‎ nujandira	تُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ tujandirna	يُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ yujandirna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُجَنْدِرْ‎ ʔujandir	تُجَنْدِرْ‎ tujandir	يُجَنْدِرْ‎ yujandir	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	يُجَنْدِرَا‎ yujandirā	نُجَنْدِرْ‎ nujandir	تُجَنْدِرُوا‎ tujandirū	يُجَنْدِرُوا‎ yujandirū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُجَنْدِرْ‎ ʔujandir	تُجَنْدِرِي‎ tujandirī	تُجَنْدِرْ‎ tujandir	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	تُجَنْدِرَا‎ tujandirā	نُجَنْدِرْ‎ nujandir	تُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ tujandirna	يُجَنْدِرْنَ‎ yujandirna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		جَنْدِرْ jandir		جَنْدِرَا‎ jandirā			جَنْدِرُوا‎ jandirū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		جَنْدِرِي‎ jandirī		جَنْدِرَا‎ jandirā			جَنْدِرْنَ‎ jandirna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جُنْدِرْتُ‎ jundirtu	جُنْدِرْتَ‎ jundirta	جُنْدِرَ jundira	جُنْدِرْتُمَا‎ jundirtumā	جُنْدِرَا‎ jundirā	جُنْدِرْنَا‎ jundirnā	جُنْدِرْتُمْ‎ jundirtum	جُنْدِرُوا‎ jundirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	جُنْدِرْتُ‎ jundirtu	جُنْدِرْتِ‎ jundirti	جُنْدِرَتْ‎ jundirat	جُنْدِرْتُمَا‎ jundirtumā	جُنْدِرَتَا‎ jundiratā	جُنْدِرْنَا‎ jundirnā	جُنْدِرْتُنَّ‎ jundirtunna	جُنْدِرْنَ‎ jundirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُجَنْدَرُ‎ ʔujandaru	تُجَنْدَرُ‎ tujandaru	يُجَنْدَرُ‎ yujandaru	تُجَنْدَرَانِ‎ tujandarāni	يُجَنْدَرَانِ‎ yujandarāni	نُجَنْدَرُ‎ nujandaru	تُجَنْدَرُونَ‎ tujandarūna	يُجَنْدَرُونَ‎ yujandarūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُجَنْدَرُ‎ ʔujandaru	تُجَنْدَرِينَ‎ tujandarīna	تُجَنْدَرُ‎ tujandaru	تُجَنْدَرَانِ‎ tujandarāni	تُجَنْدَرَانِ‎ tujandarāni	نُجَنْدَرُ‎ nujandaru	تُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ tujandarna	يُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ yujandarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُجَنْدَرَ‎ ʔujandara	تُجَنْدَرَ‎ tujandara	يُجَنْدَرَ‎ yujandara	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	يُجَنْدَرَا‎ yujandarā	نُجَنْدَرَ‎ nujandara	تُجَنْدَرُوا‎ tujandarū	يُجَنْدَرُوا‎ yujandarū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُجَنْدَرَ‎ ʔujandara	تُجَنْدَرِي‎ tujandarī	تُجَنْدَرَ‎ tujandara	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	نُجَنْدَرَ‎ nujandara	تُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ tujandarna	يُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ yujandarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُجَنْدَرْ‎ ʔujandar	تُجَنْدَرْ‎ tujandar	يُجَنْدَرْ‎ yujandar	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	يُجَنْدَرَا‎ yujandarā	نُجَنْدَرْ‎ nujandar	تُجَنْدَرُوا‎ tujandarū	يُجَنْدَرُوا‎ yujandarū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُجَنْدَرْ‎ ʔujandar	تُجَنْدَرِي‎ tujandarī	تُجَنْدَرْ‎ tujandar	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	تُجَنْدَرَا‎ tujandarā	نُجَنْدَرْ‎ nujandar	تُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ tujandarna	يُجَنْدَرْنَ‎ yujandarna

References

Classical Arabic dictionaries s.v.
Freytag, Georg (1830), “جندر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 313
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “جندر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 338b
Lane, Edward William (1863), “جندر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 389c
Sawa, George Dimitri (ar) Musical and Socio-Cultural Anecdotes from Kitāb al-Aghānī al-Kabīr. Annotated Translations and Commentaries (Islamic History and Civilization; 159), Leiden: Brill, DOI:10.1163/9789004383654, →ISBN, page 262

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

Denominal verb of جندرة‎ (gandara).

Verb

جندر • (gandar) (perfect, verb form Iq)

to mangle, to calender, to press by roll

References

Hinds, Martin; Badawi, El-Said (1986) A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic‎, Beirut: Librairie du Liban, page 175a
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020), “جندر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 156b

Persian

Etymology

May have been obtained by back-formation from ‎ (jandara), if Morgenstierne is not right to deny this by reason that the suffix ‎ (-a) has not been used in the sense of an instrument employed in handling the thing which the original word denotes; this could be otherwise if, as a consequence of that word’s Indian origin, the present word was considered an Arabism with the suffix ـَة‎ (-a) or a form Iq verbal noun, although even with جَنْدَرَ‎ (jandara, “to renew the figure of”) existing there wouldn’t likely be a noun of place of this form; or if another Iranian language did her part.

Noun

جندر • (jandar)

clothes
place to keep clothes or also other domestic implements

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “جندر”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Vullers, Johann August (1855), “جندر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum (in Latin), volume I, Bonn: Adolf Marcus, page 532b
Morgenstierne, Georg (1923), “Iranian Notes”, in Acta Orientalia, volume 1, Leiden: E.J. Brill, page 264 of 245–284