جناح

Arabic

Etymology 1

Uncertain; no Semitic cognates exist which are not suspected to be borrowed from Arabic. Likely related to Egyptian ḏnḥ, either through inheritance or through borrowing; also compare جَنَحَ‎ (janaḥa, “to lean”) (both referring to the concept of side).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒa.naːħ/
Audio (file)

Noun

جَنَاح • (janāḥ) m (plural أَجْنِحَة‎ (ʾajniḥa) or أَجْنُح‎ (ʾajnuḥ))

wing (organ of flight)
wing (part of army)
wing (part of building)
shoulder, arm, hand
side, edge
fin
projecting roof
protection, refuge

Declension

Declension of noun جَنَاح (janāḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَنَاح janāḥ	الْجَنَاح‎ al-janāḥ	جَنَاح janāḥ
Nominative	جَنَاحٌ janāḥun	الْجَنَاحُ‎ al-janāḥu	جَنَاحُ janāḥu
Accusative	جَنَاحًا‎ janāḥan	الْجَنَاحَ‎ al-janāḥa	جَنَاحَ janāḥa
Genitive	جَنَاحٍ janāḥin	الْجَنَاحِ‎ al-janāḥi	جَنَاحِ janāḥi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَنَاحَيْن‎ janāḥayn	الْجَنَاحَيْن‎ al-janāḥayn	جَنَاحَيْ‎ janāḥay
Nominative	جَنَاحَانِ‎ janāḥāni	الْجَنَاحَانِ‎ al-janāḥāni	جَنَاحَا‎ janāḥā
Accusative	جَنَاحَيْنِ‎ janāḥayni	الْجَنَاحَيْنِ‎ al-janāḥayni	جَنَاحَيْ‎ janāḥay
Genitive	جَنَاحَيْنِ‎ janāḥayni	الْجَنَاحَيْنِ‎ al-janāḥayni	جَنَاحَيْ‎ janāḥay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَجْنِحَة‎‎; أَجْنُح‎ ʾajniḥa‎; ʾajnuḥ	الْأَجْنِحَة‎‎; الْأَجْنُح‎ al-ʾajniḥa‎; al-ʾajnuḥ	أَجْنِحَة‎‎; أَجْنُح‎ ʾajniḥat‎; ʾajnuḥ
Nominative	أَجْنِحَةٌ‎‎; أَجْنُحٌ‎ ʾajniḥatun‎; ʾajnuḥun	الْأَجْنِحَةُ‎‎; الْأَجْنُحُ‎ al-ʾajniḥatu‎; al-ʾajnuḥu	أَجْنِحَةُ‎‎; أَجْنُحُ‎ ʾajniḥatu‎; ʾajnuḥu
Accusative	أَجْنِحَةً‎‎; أَجْنُحًا‎ ʾajniḥatan‎; ʾajnuḥan	الْأَجْنِحَةَ‎‎; الْأَجْنُحَ‎ al-ʾajniḥata‎; al-ʾajnuḥa	أَجْنِحَةَ‎‎; أَجْنُحَ‎ ʾajniḥata‎; ʾajnuḥa
Genitive	أَجْنِحَةٍ‎‎; أَجْنُحٍ‎ ʾajniḥatin‎; ʾajnuḥin	الْأَجْنِحَةِ‎‎; الْأَجْنُحِ‎ al-ʾajniḥati‎; al-ʾajnuḥi	أَجْنِحَةِ‎‎; أَجْنُحِ‎ ʾajniḥati‎; ʾajnuḥi

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian; compare modern Persian ‎ (gonāh).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒu.naːħ/

Noun

جُنَاح • (junāḥ) m

(singular only) blame, misdemeanor, transgression, wrong
Synonym: ذَنْب‎ (ḏanb)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:102:
  ‏وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنْتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَن تَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ‎
  walā junāḥa ʿalaykum ʾin kāna bikum ʾaḏan mmin mmaṭarin ʾaw kuntum mmarḍā ʾan taḍaʿū ʾasliḥatakum waḵuḏū ḥiḏrakum
  There is no blame upon you if ye are vexed by rain or ye are sick that ye lay down your arms, but exercise caution.

Declension

Declension of noun جُنَاح (junāḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جُنَاح junāḥ	الْجُنَاح‎ al-junāḥ	جُنَاح junāḥ
Nominative	جُنَاحٌ junāḥun	الْجُنَاحُ‎ al-junāḥu	جُنَاحُ junāḥu
Accusative	جُنَاحًا‎ junāḥan	الْجُنَاحَ‎ al-junāḥa	جُنَاحَ junāḥa
Genitive	جُنَاحٍ junāḥin	الْجُنَاحِ‎ al-junāḥi	جُنَاحِ junāḥi

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “جناح”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 223
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 102–103
Lane, Edward William (1863), “جناح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 469
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “جناح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 247
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “جناح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 166
Militarev, Alexander; Kogan, Leonid (2000–2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, pages 80–81

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

جناح • (genāḥ) m

wing

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ج ن ح‎
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic جَنَاح‎ (janāḥ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʒnaːħ/
Audio (file)

Noun

جناح • (jnāḥ) m (plural جوانح‎ (jwānaḥ) or جناحات‎ (jnāḥāt))

wing