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单词 جن
释义

جن

See also: خن

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ج ن ن (j-n-n). Compare Hebrew גָּנַן (gānán, to defend, to cover).

Verb

جَنَّ (janna) I, non-past يَجُنُّ‎ (yajunnu)

  1. (transitive) to cover, to hide, to conceal, to veil
  2. (transitive) to envelop, to enshroud, to cloak, to screen
  3. (transitive) to descend, to fall, to become night
    • 11 Century CE, Wallada bint al-Mustakfi, ترقب إذا جن الظلام زيارتي
      تَرَقَّبْ إِذَا جَنَّ الظَّلَامُ زِيَارَتِي / فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَ أَكْتَمَ لِلسِّرِّ
      taraqqab ʾiḏā janna ẓ-ẓalāmu ziyāratī / fa-ʾinnī raʾaytu l-layla ʾaktama li-s-sirri
      Await, when darkness falls, my visit. For I found the night to be a better keeper of secrets.
Conjugation
  • جَنِين (janīn, embryo, germ)
  • مِجَنّ (mijann, shield)

Etymology 2

Formally from the root ج ن ن (j-n-n), though most likely a back-formation from جِنِّي (jinnī), derived from Classical Syriac ܓܢܝ (gnē, spirit, genie), or its emphatic form Aramaic גניא (ginnāyā) or Classical Syriac ܓܢܝܐ (genyā), also meaning "a tutelary deity" or "Astaroth idols". Compare Latin genius.

Noun

جِنّ (jinn) m (collective, singulative جِنِّيّ m (jinniyy) or جِنِّيَّة f (jinniyya))

  1. (collective) spiritual or otherwise unseen, undetectable, masked, or morphed beings that may be benevolent or helpful (agathodaemons, eudaemons), neutral, or malevolent (cacodemons); jinn, genies, genii, demons; elfkind, sprites
    Synonym: جِنَّة (jinna)
  2. (collective) any mythical beings in general (such as fairies, satyrs, nymphs, elves and goblins)
Usage notes

In Arabic and Islamic mythology and demonology, the genies (alternatively referred to in English using the transliteration jinn), are conceptualized as a race that lives on earth alongside humans and beasts. Genies, like humans, are not deemed wholly evil or good, but they are said to possess powers that screen them from humankind, such as shapeshifting, which allows them to take up the form of animals (usually snakes and serpents) or even humans. Evil, godless, malicious, or otherwise harmful genies may influence the world indirectly (often through the works of human agents, such as sorcerers and witches) or directly (through the actions of the genies themselves). For example, Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah, one of the companions of Muhammad, is said to have been supposedly assassinated by a genie who shot him with an arrow while he was urinating alone in the desert, and the second Caliph ʽUmar ibn al-Ḵaṭṭāb, as reported by Al-Munāwi in his Fayḍ al-Qadīr ("The Flow of the Ablest"), struck dead a غُول (ḡūl) (a kind of جِنّ (jinn)) with his sword, describing the creature as being "with a form like a human but with legs like those of a donkey". The جِنّ (jinn) are therefore not to be confused with the race of otherworldly creatures trapped in oil lamps as popularized in English, which, in Arabic, would be only a subtype of جِنّ (jinn), like the قُطْرُب (quṭrub, lycanthrope) and the سِعْلَاء (siʿlāʾ, succubus) and the chiefly Egyptian نَدَّاهَة (a kind of murderous enchanting river-nymphs or succubi). For more information, see the Wikipedia article on Jinn.

The word is also sometimes indiscriminately used when translating the non-Arabic names of other mythological beings (especially fairies and elves). This, however, often creates much confusion, and so various Arabicized forms of the original denominations may be used to avoid this.

Declension
Descendants
  • Swahili: jini
  • Kazakh: жын (jyn)
See also
  • نَسْنَاس (nasnās, nasnas)
  • غُول (ḡūl, ghoul)

Etymology 3

Denominal verb from جِنّ (jinn, jinn; spirit, demon), leveled to the root ج ن ن (j-n-n).

Verb

جُنَّ (junna) I, non-past يُجَنُّ‎ (yujannu)

  1. (passive) to be possessed
    1. (passive) to seem or act as if possessed, to be insane, to be crazy, to be mad, to be deranged
    2. (passive) to be obsessed; to be infatuated
Conjugation
  • جِنَّة (jinna, possession, mania; spirits and demons)
  • جُنُون (junūn, madness)
  • جُنُونِيّ (junūniyy, crazy)
  • مَجَنَّة (majanna, madness, insanity)
  • مَجْنُون (majnūn, crazy, demoniac)

Noun

جَنّ (jann) m

  1. verbal noun of جُنَّ (junna) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of جَنَّ (janna) (form I)
Declension

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *ǰánHh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHs, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Noun

جن (jan)

  1. woman

Persian

Etymology 1

From Arabic جِنّ (jinn).

Noun

جن (jenn) (plural جن‌ها (jenn-hâ))

  1. jinn, genie, demon, ghost
  • دیو (div, daeva)
  • غول (ghul, ghoul)

Etymology 2

From or cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (yaona, way), from Proto-Iranian *Háy (cognate with Pashto يون (yūn, movement; walking; going), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háy, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-.

Noun

جن (jan) (plural جن‌ها (jan-hâ))

  1. side
  2. way
    • c. 1000, Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi, The Book of Kings :
      پرندوش از این جن سواری گذشت
      که لرزید ازو سر به سر بوم و دشت
      parandōš az ēn ǰan sawārē guðašt
      ka larzīd azō sar-ba-sar būm u dašt
    Synonyms: راه (râh), سو ()

Urdu

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d͡ʒɪn/, /d͡ʒɪnn/

Noun

جن (jin, jinn) m (plural جنات, Hindi spelling जिन्न)

  1. jinn
  2. demon

See also

  • دیو (dev)
  • آسیب (āseb)
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