جحمة
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root ج ح م (j-ḥ-m).
Noun
جَحْمَة • (jaḥma) f
- burning fiercely, being fiery, blazing
Declension
Declension of noun جَحْمَة (jaḥma)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَحْمَة jaḥma | الْجَحْمَة al-jaḥma | جَحْمَة jaḥmat |
Nominative | جَحْمَةٌ jaḥmatun | الْجَحْمَةُ al-jaḥmatu | جَحْمَةُ jaḥmatu |
Accusative | جَحْمَةً jaḥmatan | الْجَحْمَةَ al-jaḥmata | جَحْمَةَ jaḥmata |
Genitive | جَحْمَةٍ jaḥmatin | الْجَحْمَةِ al-jaḥmati | جَحْمَةِ jaḥmati |
Etymology 2
- According to the lexicographers a Himyaritic borrowing.
- Perhaps instead from the root ج ح م (j-ḥ-m) “being blazing; vehement” via the idea of staring, as an originally coarse word, or the eyes being considered the window by which one sees the fire of the soul.
- A borrowing from a descendant of Proto-Iranian *čášma n (“eye”), be it via Old South Arabian, can also be presumed, not requiring a particular Iranian source language, since the medial /ʃ/ would have been dissimilated in any case to resolve the homorganicity with /d͡ʒ/.
Noun
جَحْمَة • (jaḥma) f
- (obsolete, Yemen) eye
- Synonym: عَيْن (ʿayn)
- a. 750, unknown, quoted by Kitāb al-ʿAyn and Taḏhīb al-Luḡa:
- فَفَاضَتْ دُمُوعُ الْجَحْمَتَيْنِ بِعَبْرَةٍ … عَلَى الزُبِّ حَتَّى الزُبِّ فِي المَاءِ غَامِس
- fa-fāḍat dumūʿu l-jaḥmatayni bi-ʿabratin … ʿalā z-zubbi ḥattā z-zubbi fī l-māʾi ḡāmis
- And the tears of the two eyes overflowed without sobbing … over the beard, until the beard was dipping into water
Declension
Declension of noun جَحْمَة (jaḥma)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَحْمَة jaḥma | الْجَحْمَة al-jaḥma | جَحْمَة jaḥmat |
Nominative | جَحْمَةٌ jaḥmatun | الْجَحْمَةُ al-jaḥmatu | جَحْمَةُ jaḥmatu |
Accusative | جَحْمَةً jaḥmatan | الْجَحْمَةَ al-jaḥmata | جَحْمَةَ jaḥmata |
Genitive | جَحْمَةٍ jaḥmatin | الْجَحْمَةِ al-jaḥmati | جَحْمَةِ jaḥmati |
Derived terms
- جَحَّمَ (jaḥḥama, “to regard with fixed eyes”)
- جُحَام (juḥām, “a disease of the eyes where they are swollen”)