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单词 توج
释义

توج

See also: بوح, پوچ, and بوچ‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

Denominal verb of تَاج (tāj, crown).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /taw.wa.d͡ʒa/

Verb

تَوَّجَ (tawwaja) II, non-past يُتَوِّجُ‎ (yutawwiju)

  1. to crown
    تُوِّجَ اللَّاعِبُ بَطَلًا.tuwwija l-lāʕibu baṭalan.The athlete was crowned champion.
Conjugation

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish توج (tuc, tuç).

Alternative forms

  • تُونْج (tunj)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tuːd͡ʒ/

Noun

تُوج (tūj) m

  1. (archaic) bronze
    Synonyms: فِلِزّ (filizz), بُرُونْز (burūnz)
Declension

References

  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), توج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 154b
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), تونج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 147b

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

  • تونج (tunc, tunç), طونج (tunc, tunç).

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC duŋ, “bronze”).

Noun

تۉج (tuc, tuç)

  1. bronze

Descendants

  • Turkish: tunç
  • Albanian: tuç, tunxh, tunsh, tuç, trunç, trunxh, truxh (archaic)
  • Arabic: تُوج (tūj), تُونْج (tunj) (archaic)
  • Armenian: թուջ (tʿuǰ)
  • Aromanian: tuciu, tunge, tungiu
  • Bulgarian: туч (tuč), тунч (tunč) (archaic)
  • Crimean Tatar: tunç, tuç
  • Georgian:
  • Greek: τούντζι (toúntzi), τούντζυ (toúntzy)
  • Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: tûnc, tunc, tûc
  • Macedonian: туч (tuč) (archaic)
  • Persian: توج (tūj) (archaic)
  • Romanian: tuci
  • Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
    Cyrillic: ту̏ч
    Latin: tȕč

References

  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449, calls تونج (tunc, tunç) a more recent and secondary formation, and the Persian a Turkish loanword
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission) (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 276–277, but here the Kurdish is said from Azerbaijani
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911), توج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 411b
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911), تونج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 418a
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), توج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 1453, does not even have the recent تونج (tunc, tunç) variant
  • Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007), 1546. TÚNGSE”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите, →ISBN, page 187

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت و ج

Etymology

From Arabic تَوَّجَ (tawwaja).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /taw.waʒ/, [ˈtaw.waʒ], [ˈtaw.wad͡ʒ]
  • (file)

Verb

توّج (tawwaj) (form II, present بتوّج (bitawwej))

  1. to crown

Conjugation

    Conjugation of توّج (tawwaj)
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
pastmتوّجت (tawwajt)توّجت (tawwajt)توّج (tawwaj)توّجنا (tawwajna)توّجتو (tawwajtu)توّجو (tawwaju)
fتوّجتي (tawwajti)توّجت (tawwajat)
presentmبتوّج (batawwej)بتتوّج (bittawwej)بتوّج (bitawwej)منتوّج (mintawwej)بتتوّجو (bittawwju)بتوّجو (bitawwju)
fبتتوّجي (bittawwji)بتتوّج (bittawwej)
subjunctivemاتوّج (atawwej)تتوّج (ttawwej)يتوّج (ytawwej)نتوّج (ntawwej)تتوّجو (ttawwju)يتوّجو (ytawwju)
fتتوّجي (ttawwji)تتوّج (ttawwej)
imperativemتوّج (tawwej)توّجو (tawwju)
fتوّجي (tawwji)
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