تبع

تبع

See also: ت ب ع‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ت ب ع‎ (t-b-ʿ).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

تَبِعَ • (tabiʿa) I, non-past يَتْبَعُ‎‎ (yatbaʿu)

1. to follow

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَبِعَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns تَبَع or تَبَاعَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						تَبَع or تَبَاعَة‎ tabaʿ or tabāʿa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						تَابِع‎ tābiʿ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَتْبُوع‎ matbūʿ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَبِعْتُ‎ tabiʿtu	تَبِعْتَ‎ tabiʿta	تَبِعَ tabiʿa		تَبِعْتُمَا‎ tabiʿtumā	تَبِعَا‎ tabiʿā		تَبِعْنَا‎ tabiʿnā	تَبِعْتُمْ‎ tabiʿtum	تَبِعُوا‎ tabiʿū
	f		تَبِعْتِ‎ tabiʿti	تَبِعَتْ‎ tabiʿat			تَبِعَتَا‎ tabiʿatā			تَبِعْتُنَّ‎ tabiʿtunna	تَبِعْنَ‎ tabiʿna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتْبَعُ‎ ʾatbaʿu	تَتْبَعُ‎ tatbaʿu	يَتْبَعُ‎ yatbaʿu		تَتْبَعَانِ‎ tatbaʿāni	يَتْبَعَانِ‎ yatbaʿāni		نَتْبَعُ‎ natbaʿu	تَتْبَعُونَ‎ tatbaʿūna	يَتْبَعُونَ‎ yatbaʿūna
	f		تَتْبَعِينَ‎ tatbaʿīna	تَتْبَعُ‎ tatbaʿu			تَتْبَعَانِ‎ tatbaʿāni			تَتْبَعْنَ‎ tatbaʿna	يَتْبَعْنَ‎ yatbaʿna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتْبَعَ‎ ʾatbaʿa	تَتْبَعَ‎ tatbaʿa	يَتْبَعَ‎ yatbaʿa		تَتْبَعَا‎ tatbaʿā	يَتْبَعَا‎ yatbaʿā		نَتْبَعَ‎ natbaʿa	تَتْبَعُوا‎ tatbaʿū	يَتْبَعُوا‎ yatbaʿū
	f		تَتْبَعِي‎ tatbaʿī	تَتْبَعَ‎ tatbaʿa			تَتْبَعَا‎ tatbaʿā			تَتْبَعْنَ‎ tatbaʿna	يَتْبَعْنَ‎ yatbaʿna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتْبَعْ‎ ʾatbaʿ	تَتْبَعْ‎ tatbaʿ	يَتْبَعْ‎ yatbaʿ		تَتْبَعَا‎ tatbaʿā	يَتْبَعَا‎ yatbaʿā		نَتْبَعْ‎ natbaʿ	تَتْبَعُوا‎ tatbaʿū	يَتْبَعُوا‎ yatbaʿū
	f		تَتْبَعِي‎ tatbaʿī	تَتْبَعْ‎ tatbaʿ			تَتْبَعَا‎ tatbaʿā			تَتْبَعْنَ‎ tatbaʿna	يَتْبَعْنَ‎ yatbaʿna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِتْبَعْ‎ itbaʿ			اِتْبَعَا‎ itbaʿā				اِتْبَعُوا‎ itbaʿū
	f		اِتْبَعِي‎ itbaʿī							اِتْبَعْنَ‎ itbaʿna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تُبِعْتُ‎ tubiʿtu	تُبِعْتَ‎ tubiʿta	تُبِعَ tubiʿa		تُبِعْتُمَا‎ tubiʿtumā	تُبِعَا‎ tubiʿā		تُبِعْنَا‎ tubiʿnā	تُبِعْتُمْ‎ tubiʿtum	تُبِعُوا‎ tubiʿū
	f		تُبِعْتِ‎ tubiʿti	تُبِعَتْ‎ tubiʿat			تُبِعَتَا‎ tubiʿatā			تُبِعْتُنَّ‎ tubiʿtunna	تُبِعْنَ‎ tubiʿna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتْبَعُ‎ ʾutbaʿu	تُتْبَعُ‎ tutbaʿu	يُتْبَعُ‎ yutbaʿu		تُتْبَعَانِ‎ tutbaʿāni	يُتْبَعَانِ‎ yutbaʿāni		نُتْبَعُ‎ nutbaʿu	تُتْبَعُونَ‎ tutbaʿūna	يُتْبَعُونَ‎ yutbaʿūna
	f		تُتْبَعِينَ‎ tutbaʿīna	تُتْبَعُ‎ tutbaʿu			تُتْبَعَانِ‎ tutbaʿāni			تُتْبَعْنَ‎ tutbaʿna	يُتْبَعْنَ‎ yutbaʿna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتْبَعَ‎ ʾutbaʿa	تُتْبَعَ‎ tutbaʿa	يُتْبَعَ‎ yutbaʿa		تُتْبَعَا‎ tutbaʿā	يُتْبَعَا‎ yutbaʿā		نُتْبَعَ‎ nutbaʿa	تُتْبَعُوا‎ tutbaʿū	يُتْبَعُوا‎ yutbaʿū
	f		تُتْبَعِي‎ tutbaʿī	تُتْبَعَ‎ tutbaʿa			تُتْبَعَا‎ tutbaʿā			تُتْبَعْنَ‎ tutbaʿna	يُتْبَعْنَ‎ yutbaʿna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتْبَعْ‎ ʾutbaʿ	تُتْبَعْ‎ tutbaʿ	يُتْبَعْ‎ yutbaʿ		تُتْبَعَا‎ tutbaʿā	يُتْبَعَا‎ yutbaʿā		نُتْبَعْ‎ nutbaʿ	تُتْبَعُوا‎ tutbaʿū	يُتْبَعُوا‎ yutbaʿū
	f		تُتْبَعِي‎ tutbaʿī	تُتْبَعْ‎ tutbaʿ			تُتْبَعَا‎ tutbaʿā			تُتْبَعْنَ‎ tutbaʿna	يُتْبَعْنَ‎ yutbaʿna

See also

• Form III: تَابِع‎ (tābiʿ)

Noun

تَبَع • (tabaʿ) m

1. verbal noun of تَبِعَ (tabiʿa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun تَبَع (tabaʿ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَع tabaʿ	التَّبَع‎ at-tabaʿ	تَبَع tabaʿ
Nominative	تَبَعٌ tabaʿun	التَّبَعُ‎ at-tabaʿu	تَبَعُ tabaʿu
Accusative	تَبَعًا‎ tabaʿan	التَّبَعَ‎ at-tabaʿa	تَبَعَ tabaʿa
Genitive	تَبَعٍ tabaʿin	التَّبَعِ‎ at-tabaʿi	تَبَعِ tabaʿi

Noun

تَبَع • (tabaʿ) m sg or m pl (collective, singulative تَبَع f (tabaʿ) or تَبَعِيّ‎ f (tabaʿiyy), plural أَتْبَاع‎ (ʾatbāʿ))

1. follower(s)

Declension

Declension of noun تَبَع (tabaʿ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَع tabaʿ	التَّبَع‎ at-tabaʿ	تَبَع tabaʿ
Nominative	تَبَعٌ tabaʿun	التَّبَعُ‎ at-tabaʿu	تَبَعُ tabaʿu
Accusative	تَبَعًا‎ tabaʿan	التَّبَعَ‎ at-tabaʿa	تَبَعَ tabaʿa
Genitive	تَبَعٍ tabaʿin	التَّبَعِ‎ at-tabaʿi	تَبَعِ tabaʿi

Etymology 3

Uncertain. Lane claims that it is from the root ت ب ع‎ (t-b-ʿ), in reference to how when one king died, his successor would follow his policies. The unusual plural pattern suggests a borrowing from Old South Arabian, but the cognate root in those languages likely has the same meaning of "follow", and is only attested in theophoric names.

Noun

تُبَّع • (tubbaʿ) m (plural تَبَابِعَة‎ (tabābiʿa))

1. a king in ancient Yemen; the ruler of Himyar and Hadramawt

Declension

Declension of noun تُبَّع (tubbaʿ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُبَّع tubbaʿ	التُّبَّع‎ at-tubbaʿ	تُبَّع tubbaʿ
Nominative	تُبَّعٌ tubbaʿun	التُّبَّعُ‎ at-tubbaʿu	تُبَّعُ tubbaʿu
Accusative	تُبَّعًا‎ tubbaʿan	التُّبَّعَ‎ at-tubbaʿa	تُبَّعَ tubbaʿa
Genitive	تُبَّعٍ tubbaʿin	التُّبَّعِ‎ at-tubbaʿi	تُبَّعِ tubbaʿi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُبَّعَيْن‎ tubbaʿayn	التُّبَّعَيْن‎ at-tubbaʿayn	تُبَّعَيْ‎ tubbaʿay
Nominative	تُبَّعَانِ‎ tubbaʿāni	التُّبَّعَانِ‎ at-tubbaʿāni	تُبَّعَا‎ tubbaʿā
Accusative	تُبَّعَيْنِ‎ tubbaʿayni	التُّبَّعَيْنِ‎ at-tubbaʿayni	تُبَّعَيْ‎ tubbaʿay
Genitive	تُبَّعَيْنِ‎ tubbaʿayni	التُّبَّعَيْنِ‎ at-tubbaʿayni	تُبَّعَيْ‎ tubbaʿay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَابِعَة‎ tabābiʿa	التَّبَابِعَة‎ at-tabābiʿa	تَبَابِعَة‎ tabābiʿat
Nominative	تَبَابِعَةٌ‎ tabābiʿatun	التَّبَابِعَةُ‎ at-tabābiʿatu	تَبَابِعَةُ‎ tabābiʿatu
Accusative	تَبَابِعَةً‎ tabābiʿatan	التَّبَابِعَةَ‎ at-tabābiʿata	تَبَابِعَةَ‎ tabābiʿata
Genitive	تَبَابِعَةٍ‎ tabābiʿatin	التَّبَابِعَةِ‎ at-tabābiʿati	تَبَابِعَةِ‎ tabābiʿati

Verb

تَبِعْ • (tabiʿ) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ‎ (bāʿa)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ‎ (bāʿa)

Verb

تُبَعْ • (tubaʿ) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ‎ (bāʿa)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ‎ (bāʿa)

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 25
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “تبع”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 293a–b
• van Putten, Marijn (2020), "Classical and Modern Standard Arabic", in Arabic and Contact-induced Change (eds. Manfredi and Lucas)

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North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع‎ (tabaʿ). The feminine form is from Arabic تَبَعِيّ‎ (tabaʿiyy).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/

Preposition

تبع • (tabaʿ) m or f or pl (feminine تبعيت‎ (tabʿīt; (rare) tabʿiyyit) or تبعت‎ (tabʿit), plural تَبعُول‎ (tabʿūl), feminine plural (less common) تبعولات‎ (tabʿūlāt))

1. forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes

   ‏هيدي تبعيتي‎

   haydi tabʿīti.

   This one is mine.

2. of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction

   ‏هيدي التنورة تبعيت إمي‎

   haydi t-tannūra tabʿīt ʾimmi

   This is my mother’s skirt.

   ‏بَدِّي إستعمل الكمبيوتر تبعكن‎

   baddi ʾistaʿmil l-kumpyūtar tabaʿkun

   I need to use your computer.

Usage notes

• The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
• Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.

Synonyms

• تَبْعُول‎ (tabʿūl)
• تَاع‎ (tāʿ)
• تَعُول‎ (taʿūl)

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت ب ع‎

Etymology 1

Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع‎ (tabaʿ).

Alternative forms

• تاع‎ (tāʕ)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/, [ˈta.baʕ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Preposition

تبع • (tabaʕ) m (feminine تبعة‎ (tabʕa), plural تبعون‎ (tabʕūn))

1. forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes

   ‏هادي تبعتي.‎‎

   hādi tabaʕti

   This one is mine.

2. of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction

   ‏هادي التنّورة تبعة إمّي.‎‎

   hādi t-tannūra tabaʕt ʔimmi

   This is my mother’s skirt.

   ‏بدَي أستعمل الكمبيوتر تبعكم.‎‎

   biddi ʔastaʕmel l-kambyūtar tabaʕkom

   I need to use your computer.

Usage notes

• The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
• Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.

Inflection

Inflected forms of تبع
Base form					تبع (tabaʕ)
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
		m	f
1st person		تبعي‎ (tabaʕi)		تبعنا‎ (tabaʕna)
2nd person		تبعك‎ (tabaʕak)	تبعك‎ (tabaʕek)	تبعكم‎ (tabaʕkom)
3rd person		تبعه‎ (tabaʕo)	تبعها‎ (tabaʕha)	تبعهم‎ (tabaʕhom)

Etymology 2

From Arabic تَبِعَ‎ (tabiʿa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/, [ˈta.baʕ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

تبع • (tabaʕ) (form I, present بتبع‎ (bitbaʕ), active participle تابع‎ (tābeʕ))

1. (formal) to follow

   Synonym: لاحق‎ (lāḥaʔ)

2. (by extension) to depend on, to be a matter of

   ‏هادا تابع لذوق الواحد.‎‎

   hāda tābeʕ la-zōʔ il-wāḥad

   It's a matter of individual taste.

Conjugation

Conjugation of تبع (tabaʕ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تبعت (tabaʕt)	تبعت (tabaʕt)	تبع (tabaʕ)		تبعنا (tabaʕna)	تبعتو (tabaʕtu)	تبعو (tabaʕu)
	f		تبعتي (tabaʕti)	تبعت (tabʕat)
present	m	بتبع (batbaʕ)	بتتبع (btitbaʕ)	بتبع (bitbaʕ)		منتبع (mnitbaʕ)	بتتبعو (btitbaʕu)	بتبعو (bitbaʕu)
	f		بتتبعي (btitbaʕi)	بتتبع (btitbaʕ)
subjunctive	m	أتبع (ʔatbaʕ)	تتبع (titbaʕ)	يتبع (yitbaʕ)		نتبع (nitbaʕ)	تتبعو (titbaʕu)	يتبعو (yitbaʕu)
	f		تتبعي (titbaʕi)	تتبع (titbaʕ)
imperative	m		اتبع (itbaʕ)				اتبعو (itbaʕu)
	f		اتبعي (itbaʕi)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tab.baʕ/, [ˈtab.baʕ]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Verb

تبّع • (tabbaʕ) (form II, present بتبّع‎ (bitabbeʕ))

1. to keep track
2. to follow up (+ مع‎)

Conjugation

Conjugation of تبّع (tabbaʕ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تبّعت (tabbaʕt)	تبّعت (tabbaʕt)	تبّع (tabbaʕ)		تبّعنا (tabbaʕna)	تبّعتو (tabbaʕtu)	تبّعو (tabbaʕu)
	f		تبّعتي (tabbaʕti)	تبّعت (tabbaʕat)
present	m	بتبّع (batabbeʕ)	بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ)	بتبّع (bitabbeʕ)		منتبّع (mintabbeʕ)	بتتبّعو (bittabbʕu)	بتبّعو (bitabbʕu)
	f		بتتبّعي (bittabbʕi)	بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ)
subjunctive	m	اتبّع (atabbeʕ)	تتبّع (ttabbeʕ)	يتبّع (ytabbeʕ)		نتبّع (ntabbeʕ)	تتبّعو (ttabbʕu)	يتبّعو (ytabbʕu)
	f		تتبّعي (ttabbʕi)	تتبّع (ttabbeʕ)
imperative	m		تبّع (tabbeʕ)				تبّعو (tabbʕu)
	f		تبّعي (tabbʕi)