بز

See also: پز‎, پر‎, تز‎, ثر‎, بر‎, بژ‎, and تر‎

Arabic

FWOTD – 2 November 2020

Etymology 1

Cognate to Aramaic בִּיזָא‎, ܒܷܙܐ‎ (bizzā, “teat”), בּוּזָא‎ (buzzā, “teat”), Ugaritic 𐎁𐎑 (bẓ, “teat”). Differently Akkadian 𒍣𒍣𒂊 (/zīzu/, “teat”), Hebrew זִיז‎ (zīz, “abundance, teat, protuberance”), Hebrew דַּד‎ (dad, “teat”), Aramaic דַּדָּא‎ (daddā, “teat”).

Noun

بِزّ or بُزّ • (bizz or buzz) m (plural بِزَاز‎ (bizāz) or أَبْزَاز‎ (ʾabzāz))

teat, mamma

Declension

Declension of noun بِزّ (bizz)‎; بُزّ (buzz)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِزّ‎; بُزّ bizz‎; buzz	الْبِزّ‎‎; الْبُزّ‎ al-bizz‎; al-buzz	بِزّ‎; بُزّ bizz‎; buzz
Nominative	بِزٌّ‎; بُزٌّ bizzun‎; buzzun	الْبِزُّ‎‎; الْبُزُّ‎ al-bizzu‎; al-buzzu	بِزُّ‎; بُزُّ bizzu‎; buzzu
Accusative	بِزًّا‎‎; بُزًّا‎ bizzan‎; buzzan	الْبِزَّ‎‎; الْبُزَّ‎ al-bizza‎; al-buzza	بِزَّ‎; بُزَّ bizza‎; buzza
Genitive	بِزٍّ‎; بُزٍّ bizzin‎; buzzin	الْبِزِّ‎‎; الْبُزِّ‎ al-bizzi‎; al-buzzi	بِزِّ‎; بُزِّ bizzi‎; buzzi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِزَّيْن‎‎; بُزَّيْن‎ bizzayn‎; buzzayn	الْبِزَّيْن‎‎; الْبُزَّيْن‎ al-bizzayn‎; al-buzzayn	بِزَّيْ‎‎; بُزَّيْ‎ bizzay‎; buzzay
Nominative	بِزَّانِ‎‎; بُزَّانِ‎ bizzāni‎; buzzāni	الْبِزَّانِ‎‎; الْبُزَّانِ‎ al-bizzāni‎; al-buzzāni	بِزَّا‎‎; بُزَّا‎ bizzā‎; buzzā
Accusative	بِزَّيْنِ‎‎; بُزَّيْنِ‎ bizzayni‎; buzzayni	الْبِزَّيْنِ‎‎; الْبُزَّيْنِ‎ al-bizzayni‎; al-buzzayni	بِزَّيْ‎‎; بُزَّيْ‎ bizzay‎; buzzay
Genitive	بِزَّيْنِ‎‎; بُزَّيْنِ‎ bizzayni‎; buzzayni	الْبِزَّيْنِ‎‎; الْبُزَّيْنِ‎ al-bizzayni‎; al-buzzayni	بِزَّيْ‎‎; بُزَّيْ‎ bizzay‎; buzzay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِزَاز‎‎; أَبْزَاز‎ bizāz‎; ʾabzāz	الْبِزَاز‎‎; الْأَبْزَاز‎ al-bizāz‎; al-ʾabzāz	بِزَاز‎‎; أَبْزَاز‎ bizāz‎; ʾabzāz
Nominative	بِزَازٌ‎‎; أَبْزَازٌ‎ bizāzun‎; ʾabzāzun	الْبِزَازُ‎‎; الْأَبْزَازُ‎ al-bizāzu‎; al-ʾabzāzu	بِزَازُ‎‎; أَبْزَازُ‎ bizāzu‎; ʾabzāzu
Accusative	بِزَازًا‎‎; أَبْزَازًا‎ bizāzan‎; ʾabzāzan	الْبِزَازَ‎‎; الْأَبْزَازَ‎ al-bizāza‎; al-ʾabzāza	بِزَازَ‎‎; أَبْزَازَ‎ bizāza‎; ʾabzāza
Genitive	بِزَازٍ‎‎; أَبْزَازٍ‎ bizāzin‎; ʾabzāzin	الْبِزَازِ‎‎; الْأَبْزَازِ‎ al-bizāzi‎; al-ʾabzāzi	بِزَازِ‎‎; أَبْزَازِ‎ bizāzi‎; ʾabzāzi

Derived terms

بَزَّازَة‎ (bazzāza, “soother”)

Etymology 2

Ultimately a re-borrowing from what was originally a Semitic source (Akkadian 𒁍𒌋𒋗 (bu-u-ṣu /būṣu/)); see also بِزَّة‎ (bizza, “suit”).

Borrowed from Old Armenian բեհեզ (behez) or the earlier Old Armenian *բեեզ (*beez)
Alternatively, a clipping of بُزْيُون‎ (buzyūn, “a kind of silk garment”), from Byzantine Greek βυσσίνη (bussínē), or from Ancient Greek βύσσος (bússos, “a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it”).

Noun

بَزّ • (bazz) m (plural بُزُوز‎ (buzūz))

(now regional) garment, raiment, weed
- 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, 14:12:
  ‏قَدِمَ بَزٌّ مِنَ ٱلشَّامِ لِفُلَانٍ الْيَهُودِيِّ‎
  qadima bazzun mina š-šāmi lifulānin al-yahūdiyyi
  Some clothing arrived from the north for so-and-so, the Jew.
- 7th century CE, Muwaṭṭaʾ Mālik, 31:
  ‏قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الإِبِلَ أَوِ الْغَنَمَ أَوِ الْبَزَّ أَوِ الرَّقِيقَ أَوْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْعُرُوضِ جِزَافًا إِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ الْجِزَافُ فِي شَىْءٍ مِمَّا يُعَدُّ عَدًّا.‏‎
  qāla mālikun fī r-rajuli yaštarī l-ʾibila ʾawi l-ḡanama ʾawi l-bazza ʾawi r-raqīqa ʾaw šayʾan mina l-ʿurūḍi jizāfan ʾinnahu lā yakūnu l-jizāfu fī šāʾin mimmā yuʿaddu ʿaddan.
  Malik said about a man who bought camels and sheep and clothing and slaves and any larger good without measuring precisely that there is no wholesale acquisition of a thing that can be counted.

Declension

Declension of noun بَزّ (bazz)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَزّ bazz	الْبَزّ‎ al-bazz	بَزّ bazz
Nominative	بَزٌّ bazzun	الْبَزُّ‎ al-bazzu	بَزُّ bazzu
Accusative	بَزًّا‎ bazzan	الْبَزَّ‎ al-bazza	بَزَّ bazza
Genitive	بَزٍّ bazzin	الْبَزِّ‎ al-bazzi	بَزِّ bazzi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَزَّيْن‎ bazzayn	الْبَزَّيْن‎ al-bazzayn	بَزَّيْ‎ bazzay
Nominative	بَزَّانِ‎ bazzāni	الْبَزَّانِ‎ al-bazzāni	بَزَّا‎ bazzā
Accusative	بَزَّيْنِ‎ bazzayni	الْبَزَّيْنِ‎ al-bazzayni	بَزَّيْ‎ bazzay
Genitive	بَزَّيْنِ‎ bazzayni	الْبَزَّيْنِ‎ al-bazzayni	بَزَّيْ‎ bazzay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُزُوز‎ buzūz	الْبُزُوز‎ al-buzūz	بُزُوز‎ buzūz
Nominative	بُزُوزٌ‎ buzūzun	الْبُزُوزُ‎ al-buzūzu	بُزُوزُ‎ buzūzu
Accusative	بُزُوزًا‎ buzūzan	الْبُزُوزَ‎ al-buzūza	بُزُوزَ‎ buzūza
Genitive	بُزُوزٍ‎ buzūzin	الْبُزُوزِ‎ al-buzūzi	بُزُوزِ‎ buzūzi

Derived terms

بَزَّاز‎ (bazzāz, “garment salesman”)
بِزَازَة‎ (bizāza, “garment trade”)
بَزَّ‎ (bazza, “to strip off, to spoil, to remove by force”)
اِبْتَزَّ‎ (ibtazza, “to strip off, to spoil, to remove by force”)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: bəz
→ Ottoman Turkish: بز‎ (bez)
- Turkish: bez
- → Crimean Tatar: böz
  - → Chuvash: пӳс (püs)
- → Russian: бязь (bjazʹ), безь (bezʹ)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: бе̏з
  Latin: bȅz

Etymology 3

Apparently denominal verb of بَزّ‎ (bazz, “clothing”).

Verb

بَزَّ • (bazza) I, non-past يَبُزُّ‎‎ (yabuzzu)

to strip off, to spoil, to remove by force
‏مَن عَزَّ بَزَّ.‎‎ ― man ʿazza bazza. ― He who overcomes takes the spoil.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَزَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun بَزّ)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					بَزّ bazz
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					بَازّ‎ bāzz
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَبْزُوز‎ mabzūz
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَزَزْتُ‎ bazaztu	بَزَزْتَ‎ bazazta	بَزَّ bazza	بَزَزْتُمَا‎ bazaztumā	بَزَّا‎ bazzā	بَزَزْنَا‎ bazaznā	بَزَزْتُمْ‎ bazaztum	بَزُّوا‎ bazzū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بَزَزْتُ‎ bazaztu	بَزَزْتِ‎ bazazti	بَزَّتْ‎ bazzat	بَزَزْتُمَا‎ bazaztumā	بَزَّتَا‎ bazzatā	بَزَزْنَا‎ bazaznā	بَزَزْتُنَّ‎ bazaztunna	بَزَزْنَ‎ bazazna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبُزُّ‎ ʾabuzzu	تَبُزُّ‎ tabuzzu	يَبُزُّ‎ yabuzzu	تَبُزَّانِ‎ tabuzzāni	يَبُزَّانِ‎ yabuzzāni	نَبُزُّ‎ nabuzzu	تَبُزُّونَ‎ tabuzzūna	يَبُزُّونَ‎ yabuzzūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَبُزُّ‎ ʾabuzzu	تَبُزِّينَ‎ tabuzzīna	تَبُزُّ‎ tabuzzu	تَبُزَّانِ‎ tabuzzāni	تَبُزَّانِ‎ tabuzzāni	نَبُزُّ‎ nabuzzu	تَبْزُزْنَ‎ tabzuzna	يَبْزُزْنَ‎ yabzuzna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبُزَّ‎ ʾabuzza	تَبُزَّ‎ tabuzza	يَبُزَّ‎ yabuzza	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā	يَبُزَّا‎ yabuzzā	نَبُزَّ‎ nabuzza	تَبُزُّوا‎ tabuzzū	يَبُزُّوا‎ yabuzzū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَبُزَّ‎ ʾabuzza	تَبُزِّي‎ tabuzzī	تَبُزَّ‎ tabuzza	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā	نَبُزَّ‎ nabuzza	تَبْزُزْنَ‎ tabzuzna	يَبْزُزْنَ‎ yabzuzna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبُزَّ‎ or أَبُزِّ‎ or أَبْزُزْ‎ ʾabuzza or ʾabuzzi or ʾabzuz	تَبُزَّ‎ or تَبُزِّ‎ or تَبْزُزْ‎ tabuzza or tabuzzi or tabzuz	يَبُزَّ‎ or يَبُزِّ‎ or يَبْزُزْ‎ yabuzza or yabuzzi or yabzuz	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā	يَبُزَّا‎ yabuzzā	نَبُزَّ‎ or نَبُزِّ‎ or نَبْزُزْ‎ nabuzza or nabuzzi or nabzuz	تَبُزُّوا‎ tabuzzū	يَبُزُّوا‎ yabuzzū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَبُزِّي‎ tabuzzī	تَبُزَّ‎ or تَبُزِّ‎ or تَبْزُزْ‎ tabuzza or tabuzzi or tabzuz	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā	تَبُزَّا‎ tabuzzā		تَبْزُزْنَ‎ tabzuzna	يَبْزُزْنَ‎ yabzuzna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بُزَّ or بُزِّ or اُبْزُزْ‎ buzza or buzzi or ubzuz		بُزَّا‎ buzzā			بُزُّوا‎ buzzū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		بُزِّي‎ buzzī		بُزَّا‎ buzzā			اُبْزُزْنَ‎ ubzuzna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُزِزْتُ‎ buziztu	بُزِزْتَ‎ buzizta	بُزَّ buzza	بُزِزْتُمَا‎ buziztumā	بُزَّا‎ buzzā	بُزِزْنَا‎ buziznā	بُزِزْتُمْ‎ buziztum	بُزُّوا‎ buzzū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بُزِزْتُ‎ buziztu	بُزِزْتِ‎ buzizti	بُزَّتْ‎ buzzat	بُزِزْتُمَا‎ buziztumā	بُزَّتَا‎ buzzatā	بُزِزْنَا‎ buziznā	بُزِزْتُنَّ‎ buziztunna	بُزِزْنَ‎ buzizna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَزُّ‎ ʾubazzu	تُبَزُّ‎ tubazzu	يُبَزُّ‎ yubazzu	تُبَزَّانِ‎ tubazzāni	يُبَزَّانِ‎ yubazzāni	نُبَزُّ‎ nubazzu	تُبَزُّونَ‎ tubazzūna	يُبَزُّونَ‎ yubazzūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُبَزُّ‎ ʾubazzu	تُبَزِّينَ‎ tubazzīna	تُبَزُّ‎ tubazzu	تُبَزَّانِ‎ tubazzāni	تُبَزَّانِ‎ tubazzāni	نُبَزُّ‎ nubazzu	تُبْزَزْنَ‎ tubzazna	يُبْزَزْنَ‎ yubzazna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَزَّ‎ ʾubazza	تُبَزَّ‎ tubazza	يُبَزَّ‎ yubazza	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā	يُبَزَّا‎ yubazzā	نُبَزَّ‎ nubazza	تُبَزُّوا‎ tubazzū	يُبَزُّوا‎ yubazzū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُبَزَّ‎ ʾubazza	تُبَزِّي‎ tubazzī	تُبَزَّ‎ tubazza	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā	نُبَزَّ‎ nubazza	تُبْزَزْنَ‎ tubzazna	يُبْزَزْنَ‎ yubzazna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَزَّ‎ or أُبَزِّ‎ or أُبْزَزْ‎ ʾubazza or ʾubazzi or ʾubzaz	تُبَزَّ‎ or تُبَزِّ‎ or تُبْزَزْ‎ tubazza or tubazzi or tubzaz	يُبَزَّ‎ or يُبَزِّ‎ or يُبْزَزْ‎ yubazza or yubazzi or yubzaz	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā	يُبَزَّا‎ yubazzā	نُبَزَّ‎ or نُبَزِّ‎ or نُبْزَزْ‎ nubazza or nubazzi or nubzaz	تُبَزُّوا‎ tubazzū	يُبَزُّوا‎ yubazzū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تُبَزِّي‎ tubazzī	تُبَزَّ‎ or تُبَزِّ‎ or تُبْزَزْ‎ tubazza or tubazzi or tubzaz	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā	تُبَزَّا‎ tubazzā		تُبْزَزْنَ‎ tubzazna	يُبْزَزْنَ‎ yubzazna

Noun

بَزّ • (bazz) m

verbal noun of بَزَّ (bazza) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun بَزّ (bazz)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَزّ bazz	الْبَزّ‎ al-bazz	بَزّ bazz
Nominative	بَزٌّ bazzun	الْبَزُّ‎ al-bazzu	بَزُّ bazzu
Accusative	بَزًّا‎ bazzan	الْبَزَّ‎ al-bazza	بَزَّ bazza
Genitive	بَزٍّ bazzin	الْبَزِّ‎ al-bazzi	بَزِّ bazzi

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “بز”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 80
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 42
Freytag, Georg (1830), “بز”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 116–117
Freytag, Georg (1830), “بزيون”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 119
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “بز”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 120
Lane, Edward William (1863), “بز”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 198
Wehr, Hans (1979), “بز”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 70
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “بز”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 86

Azerbaijani

Pronoun

بز (biz)

Alternative spelling of ‎

Bakhtiari

Noun

بز (boz)

goat

Kermanic

Alternative forms

Khunsari: بزە‎ (buzä)
Soi: بوزە‎ (būzä)

Etymology

From Old Median *buzə́h, from Proto-Iranian *bujáh.

Pronunciation

(Farizandi, Natanzi, Yarandi) IPA^(key): /boz/
(Gazi, Kafroni, Kese'i, Khunsari, Sedehi, Vonishuni, Zefre'i) IPA^(key): /buz/
(Mahallati) IPA^(key): /biz/
(Qohrudi) IPA^(key): /bøz/
(Yazdi) IPA^(key): /bu̞z/

Noun

بز (buz)

goat

Mazanderani

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *bujáh.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɛz/

Noun

بز (bez)

goat

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *bi-ŕ (“we”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋𐰃𐰕‎ (biz, “we”).

Pronoun

بز‎ • (biz)

we

Descendants

Turkish: biz

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (boz).

Noun

بز • (büz)

goat
Synonym: كچی‎ (keçi)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic بَزّ‎ (bazz), although probably under the influence of Byzantine Greek βύσσος (bússos).[1][2] Cognates include Old Turkic 𐰋𐰕‎ (böz), Karakhanid بُوزْ‎ (bȫz), Chagatai بوز‎ (böz), Uyghur بۆز‎ (böz), Turkmen biz and Chuvash пир (pir).

Noun

بز • (bez)

cloth, vestment, fabric (a generic term, indistinctive of whether it is a fabric or a garment)

Descendants

Turkish: bez
→ Crimean Tatar: böz
- → Chuvash: пӳс (püs)
→ Russian: бязь (bjazʹ), безь (bezʹ)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: бе̏з
Latin: bȅz

Etymology 4

From either Proto-Turkic *bẹńŕ (“swelling, scar, ulcer”),[3] or *ber (“swelling, gland”).[4]

Noun

بز • (bez)

(anatomy) gland

Descendants

Turkish: bez

References

Vovin, Alexander (2018), “Fabrication of Turkic böz 'fabric' in Japan and Korea”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 71, issue 3, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, pages 263–284.
Clauson, Gerard (1972), “böːz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 389.
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*bẹńŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*ber”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Persian

Alternative forms

بج‎ (buj) (Classical Persian)

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *bujáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰuȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰūǵ-o-s, from *bʰuǵ- (“buck, he-goat”). Cognate with English buck (“male goat”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /buz/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /bʊz/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /boz/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /buz/
audio (file)

Noun

Iranian Persian	بز
Dari	بز
Tajik	буз (buz)

بز • (boz) (plural بزها‎ (boz-hâ))

goat

[1] Vovin, Alexander (2018), “Fabrication of Turkic böz 'fabric' in Japan and Korea”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 71, issue 3, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, pages 263–284.

[2] Clauson, Gerard (1972), “böːz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 389.

[3] Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*bẹńŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[4] Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*ber”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill