بر

See also: پز‎, پر‎, بز‎, تز‎, ثر‎, بژ‎, and تر‎

Alviri-Vidari

Noun

بر (bar)

door

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ب ر ر‎ (b-r-r). Inherited from Proto-Semitic *barr-.

Noun

بَرّ • (barr) m

land, dry land (as opposed to sea)
Coordinate terms: بَحْر‎ (baḥr), جَوّ‎ (jaww)
outside, field
Antonym: جَوّ‎ (jaww)

Declension

Declension of noun بَرّ (barr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَرّ barr	الْبَرّ‎ al-barr	بَرّ barr
Nominative	بَرٌّ barrun	الْبَرُّ‎ al-barru	بَرُّ barru
Accusative	بَرًّا‎ barran	الْبَرَّ‎ al-barra	بَرَّ barra
Genitive	بَرٍّ barrin	الْبَرِّ‎ al-barri	بَرِّ barri

Derived terms

بَرِّيّ‎ (barriyy, “of the dry land”)
بَرَّانِيّ‎ (barrāniyy, “exterior”)

Verb

بَرَّ • (barra) I, non-past يَبَرُّ‎‎ (yabarru)

(intransitive) to be righteous, to be pious, to be godly, to be reverent, to be religious
1. (intransitive) to straighten up, to reform
  Synonyms: صَلَحَ‎ (ṣalaḥa, “to reform”), اِسْتَقَام‎ (istaqām, “to straighten up”)
  Antonym: فَجَرَ‎ (fajara, “to be sinful”)
(intransitive) to be kind or generous to [+ بِ‎ (object)]
Synonym: أَحْسَنَ‎ (ʾaḥsana)
(intransitive, transitive) to respect or to be respectful to [+ بِ‎ (object)] (elders, one's parents or grandparents, old kinsmen, a deity, and so on), to honor, to revere; to obey
Synonym: وَقَّرَ‎ (waqqara, “to revere, to venerate”)
‏بَرَّ الصَّبِيُّ وَالِدَيْهِ وَرَبَّهُ‎
barra ṣ-ṣabiyyu wālidayhi warabbahu
The boy obeyed his parents and his Lord.
(transitive) to deem (an act) true, sincere, or pious; to accept or bless (a religious ritual)
Synonyms: قَبِلَ‎ (qabila), بَارَك‎ (bārak)
‏بَرَّ اللهُ حَجَّهُ وَصَلَاتَهُ‎
barra llāhu ḥajjahu waṣalātahu
Allah accepted his pilgrimage and his prayer.
1. (intransitive, of an act, especially religious rituals, such as pilgrimages) to be true, sincere, or pious
  ‏بَرَّ حَجُّهُ وَصَلَاتُهُ‎
  barra ḥajjuhu waṣalātuhu
  His pilgrimage and prayer were pious.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَرَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun بِرّ)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					بِرّ birr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					بَارّ‎ bārr
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَبْرُور‎ mabrūr
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَرِرْتُ‎ barirtu	بَرِرْتَ‎ barirta	بَرَّ barra	بَرِرْتُمَا‎ barirtumā	بَرَّا‎ barrā	بَرِرْنَا‎ barirnā	بَرِرْتُمْ‎ barirtum	بَرُّوا‎ barrū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بَرِرْتُ‎ barirtu	بَرِرْتِ‎ barirti	بَرَّتْ‎ barrat	بَرِرْتُمَا‎ barirtumā	بَرَّتَا‎ barratā	بَرِرْنَا‎ barirnā	بَرِرْتُنَّ‎ barirtunna	بَرِرْنَ‎ barirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبَرُّ‎ ʾabarru	تَبَرُّ‎ tabarru	يَبَرُّ‎ yabarru	تَبَرَّانِ‎ tabarrāni	يَبَرَّانِ‎ yabarrāni	نَبَرُّ‎ nabarru	تَبَرُّونَ‎ tabarrūna	يَبَرُّونَ‎ yabarrūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَبَرُّ‎ ʾabarru	تَبَرِّينَ‎ tabarrīna	تَبَرُّ‎ tabarru	تَبَرَّانِ‎ tabarrāni	تَبَرَّانِ‎ tabarrāni	نَبَرُّ‎ nabarru	تَبْرَرْنَ‎ tabrarna	يَبْرَرْنَ‎ yabrarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبَرَّ‎ ʾabarra	تَبَرَّ‎ tabarra	يَبَرَّ‎ yabarra	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā	يَبَرَّا‎ yabarrā	نَبَرَّ‎ nabarra	تَبَرُّوا‎ tabarrū	يَبَرُّوا‎ yabarrū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَبَرَّ‎ ʾabarra	تَبَرِّي‎ tabarrī	تَبَرَّ‎ tabarra	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā	نَبَرَّ‎ nabarra	تَبْرَرْنَ‎ tabrarna	يَبْرَرْنَ‎ yabrarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبَرَّ‎ or أَبَرِّ‎ or أَبْرَرْ‎ ʾabarra or ʾabarri or ʾabrar	تَبَرَّ‎ or تَبَرِّ‎ or تَبْرَرْ‎ tabarra or tabarri or tabrar	يَبَرَّ‎ or يَبَرِّ‎ or يَبْرَرْ‎ yabarra or yabarri or yabrar	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā	يَبَرَّا‎ yabarrā	نَبَرَّ‎ or نَبَرِّ‎ or نَبْرَرْ‎ nabarra or nabarri or nabrar	تَبَرُّوا‎ tabarrū	يَبَرُّوا‎ yabarrū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَبَرِّي‎ tabarrī	تَبَرَّ‎ or تَبَرِّ‎ or تَبْرَرْ‎ tabarra or tabarri or tabrar	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā	تَبَرَّا‎ tabarrā		تَبْرَرْنَ‎ tabrarna	يَبْرَرْنَ‎ yabrarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بَرَّ or بَرِّ or اِبْرَرْ‎ barra or barri or ibrar		بَرَّا‎ barrā			بَرُّوا‎ barrū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		بَرِّي‎ barrī		بَرَّا‎ barrā			اِبْرَرْنَ‎ ibrarna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُرِرْتُ‎ burirtu	بُرِرْتَ‎ burirta	بُرَّ burra	بُرِرْتُمَا‎ burirtumā	بُرَّا‎ burrā	بُرِرْنَا‎ burirnā	بُرِرْتُمْ‎ burirtum	بُرُّوا‎ burrū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بُرِرْتُ‎ burirtu	بُرِرْتِ‎ burirti	بُرَّتْ‎ burrat	بُرِرْتُمَا‎ burirtumā	بُرَّتَا‎ burratā	بُرِرْنَا‎ burirnā	بُرِرْتُنَّ‎ burirtunna	بُرِرْنَ‎ burirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَرُّ‎ ʾubarru	تُبَرُّ‎ tubarru	يُبَرُّ‎ yubarru	تُبَرَّانِ‎ tubarrāni	يُبَرَّانِ‎ yubarrāni	نُبَرُّ‎ nubarru	تُبَرُّونَ‎ tubarrūna	يُبَرُّونَ‎ yubarrūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُبَرُّ‎ ʾubarru	تُبَرِّينَ‎ tubarrīna	تُبَرُّ‎ tubarru	تُبَرَّانِ‎ tubarrāni	تُبَرَّانِ‎ tubarrāni	نُبَرُّ‎ nubarru	تُبْرَرْنَ‎ tubrarna	يُبْرَرْنَ‎ yubrarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَرَّ‎ ʾubarra	تُبَرَّ‎ tubarra	يُبَرَّ‎ yubarra	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā	يُبَرَّا‎ yubarrā	نُبَرَّ‎ nubarra	تُبَرُّوا‎ tubarrū	يُبَرُّوا‎ yubarrū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُبَرَّ‎ ʾubarra	تُبَرِّي‎ tubarrī	تُبَرَّ‎ tubarra	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā	نُبَرَّ‎ nubarra	تُبْرَرْنَ‎ tubrarna	يُبْرَرْنَ‎ yubrarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَرَّ‎ or أُبَرِّ‎ or أُبْرَرْ‎ ʾubarra or ʾubarri or ʾubrar	تُبَرَّ‎ or تُبَرِّ‎ or تُبْرَرْ‎ tubarra or tubarri or tubrar	يُبَرَّ‎ or يُبَرِّ‎ or يُبْرَرْ‎ yubarra or yubarri or yubrar	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā	يُبَرَّا‎ yubarrā	نُبَرَّ‎ or نُبَرِّ‎ or نُبْرَرْ‎ nubarra or nubarri or nubrar	تُبَرُّوا‎ tubarrū	يُبَرُّوا‎ yubarrū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تُبَرِّي‎ tubarrī	تُبَرَّ‎ or تُبَرِّ‎ or تُبْرَرْ‎ tubarra or tubarri or tubrar	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā	تُبَرَّا‎ tubarrā		تُبْرَرْنَ‎ tubrarna	يُبْرَرْنَ‎ yubrarna

Noun

بِرّ • (birr) m

verbal noun of بَرَّ (barra) (form I)
faith, godliness, piety
respectfulness
kindness

Declension

Declension of noun بِرّ (birr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِرّ birr	الْبِرّ‎ al-birr	بِرّ birr
Nominative	بِرٌّ birrun	الْبِرُّ‎ al-birru	بِرُّ birru
Accusative	بِرًّا‎ birran	الْبِرَّ‎ al-birra	بِرَّ birra
Genitive	بِرٍّ birrin	الْبِرِّ‎ al-birri	بِرِّ birri

Adjective

بَرّ • (barr) (masculine plural أَبْرَار‎ (ʾabrār))

pious
Synonym: صَالِح‎ (ṣāliḥ, “righteous; godly”)
Antonym: فَاجِر‎ (fājir, “wicked; sinful, ungodly”)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 82:13-14:
  ‏إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ لَفِي نَعِيمٍ / وَإِنَّ الْفُجَّارَ لَفِي جَحِيمٍ‎
  ʾinna l-ʾabrāra lafī naʿīmin / waʾinna l-fujjāra lafī jaḥīmin
  Indeed the pious will be in bliss, and lo, the wicked will be in the fire of hell.
1. reverent, religious
  Synonyms: تَقِيّ‎ (taqiyy), مُتَّقٍ‎ (muttaqin)
kind, benevolent
Synonym: مُحْسِن‎ (muḥsin)
respectful
true, sincere
Synonym: مُخْلِص‎ (muḵliṣ)

Declension

Declension of adjective بَرّ (barr)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَرّ barr	الْبَرّ‎ al-barr	بَرَّة‎ barra	الْبَرَّة‎ al-barra
Nominative	بَرٌّ barrun	الْبَرُّ‎ al-barru	بَرَّةٌ‎ barratun	الْبَرَّةُ‎ al-barratu
Accusative	بَرًّا‎ barran	الْبَرَّ‎ al-barra	بَرَّةً‎ barratan	الْبَرَّةَ‎ al-barrata
Genitive	بَرٍّ barrin	الْبَرِّ‎ al-barri	بَرَّةٍ‎ barratin	الْبَرَّةِ‎ al-barrati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَرَّيْن‎ barrayn	الْبَرَّيْن‎ al-barrayn	بَرَّتَيْن‎ barratayn	الْبَرَّتَيْن‎ al-barratayn
Nominative	بَرَّانِ‎ barrāni	الْبَرَّانِ‎ al-barrāni	بَرَّتَانِ‎ barratāni	الْبَرَّتَانِ‎ al-barratāni
Accusative	بَرَّيْنِ‎ barrayni	الْبَرَّيْنِ‎ al-barrayni	بَرَّتَيْنِ‎ barratayni	الْبَرَّتَيْنِ‎ al-barratayni
Genitive	بَرَّيْنِ‎ barrayni	الْبَرَّيْنِ‎ al-barrayni	بَرَّتَيْنِ‎ barratayni	الْبَرَّتَيْنِ‎ al-barratayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural triptote		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	أَبْرَار‎ ʾabrār	الْأَبْرَار‎ al-ʾabrār	بَرَّات‎ barrāt	الْبَرَّات‎ al-barrāt
Nominative	أَبْرَارٌ‎ ʾabrārun	الْأَبْرَارُ‎ al-ʾabrāru	بَرَّاتٌ‎ barrātun	الْبَرَّاتُ‎ al-barrātu
Accusative	أَبْرَارًا‎ ʾabrāran	الْأَبْرَارَ‎ al-ʾabrāra	بَرَّاتٍ‎ barrātin	الْبَرَّاتِ‎ al-barrāti
Genitive	أَبْرَارٍ‎ ʾabrārin	الْأَبْرَارِ‎ al-ʾabrāri	بَرَّاتٍ‎ barrātin	الْبَرَّاتِ‎ al-barrāti

Verb

بُرْ • (bur) (form I)

second-person masculine singular active imperative of بَارَ‎ (bāra)

Etymology 3

بُرّ

Probably one of the words Yemenite expatriates picked up in the Byzantine Empire, from Ancient Greek πυρός (purós), similar to فِرْسِك‎ (firsik, “peach”), if it is correct that one has to posit for Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ a meaning “spelt”. Another word for spelt or dinkel wheat is borrowed from Ancient Greek: خَنْدَرُوس‎ (ḵandarūs).

The similar Hebrew בָּר‎ (bār, “grain, corn”) may be instead from the same derivation as the etymon of بَزْر‎ (bazr, “seed”). The similarity to Proto-Slavic *bъrъ (“foxtail millet”) is also likely a coincidence.

Noun

بُرّ • (burr) m (collective, singulative بُرَّة‎ f (burra), plural أَبْرَار‎ (ʾabrār))

(now South Ḥijāz, Yemen, Ẓufār) wheat
- c. 950, أبو دلف مسعر بن مهلهل [ʾAbū Dulaf Misʿar Ibn Muhalhal], Kurd von Schlözer, editor, De itinere Asiatico commentarium‎, published 1845 ^WC ^GB, pages 18–19:
  ‏فخرجت إلى الساحل أربد بكلة وهذا أول الهند ومنتهى مسير المراكب لا يتهيّأ لها أن يتجاوزها وألا غرقت قال فلما وصلت إلى كلة رأيته وهي عظيمة عالية السور كثيرة البساتين غزيرة الماء ووجدت بها معدن الرصاص القلعي لا يكون إلا في قلعتها في سائر الدنيا، وفي هذه القلعة تضرب السيوف القلعية، وهي الهندية العتيقة … وأهل هذه القلعة يمتنعون على ملكها إذا أرادوا يطيعونه إن أحبوا ورسمهم رسم الصين في ترك الذبائح وليس في جميع الدنيا معدن الرصاص القلعي إلا في هذه القلعة وبينهما وبين الصين ثلثمائة فرسخ وحولها مدن ورساتيق وقرى ولهم أحكام وحبوس وخبايات وأكلهم البر والتمور وبقولهم كلها تباع وزنا وأرغفة خبزهم تباع عددا ولا حمامات لهم بل عندهم عين جارية يغتسلون فيها ودرهمهم يزن ثلثي درهم ويعرف بالفهري ولهم فلوس يتعاملون بها ويلبسون كأهل الصين الإفرند الصيني المثمن وملكها دون ملك الصين ويخطب لملك الصين وقبلته إليه وبيت عبادته له.‎‎
  And I went off to the dusty shore of Kala, which is the first and ultimate end of India for vessels, as nobody even dares to imagine to pass by it since he would drown. When I arrived at Kala, I conned it and it is large and has high walls, many gardens and plenty of water, and I found mines of tin not found in the rest of the world but in Qalʿa, and in this Qalʿa one forges the Qalʿaite swords, the excellent Indian ones, and the populace of this Qalʿa withstands its king when it wants and abides by him when it lists, and their tradition is like the tradition of China, refraining from slaughtering beasts, and there aren’t in all the world tin mines but in this Qalʿa, and between them two and China are three-hundred parasang, and there are towns, rural districts and villages, and they have jurisdiction, jails, and corbans, and their food is wheat and dates and all their vegetables they buy by scales, and their bread is bread-rolls they buy by count. They have no baths but a running spring in which they wash, and their dirham weighs as a third-dirham and is known as Fahrī, and they have fulūs with which they commerce, and they dress like the people of China in dear Chinese silks, and their king is subordinate to the King of China, reports to the King of China, his praying direction is to him, his place of sacrifice is towards him.
- a. 1635, علي بن برهان الدين الحلبي‎, “باب شهوده حلف الفضول”, in Sīra Ḥalabiyya:
  ‏فاتفق أن أمية بن أبي الصلت مر على بني عبد المدان، فرأى طعامهم لباب البر والشهد.‎‎
  There has been agreement that Umayya ibn Abī s-Salt passed by a ʿalī of the Banū ʿabd al-Madān and he saw that they ate pulp of wheat and honey.
Synonyms: حِنْطَة‎ (ḥinṭa), قَمْح‎ (qamḥ), طَعَام‎ (ṭaʿām), غَلَّة‎ (ḡalla)

Declension

Declension of noun بُرّ (burr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرّ burr	الْبُرّ‎ al-burr	بُرّ burr
Nominative	بُرٌّ burrun	الْبُرُّ‎ al-burru	بُرُّ burru
Accusative	بُرًّا‎ burran	الْبُرَّ‎ al-burra	بُرَّ burra
Genitive	بُرٍّ burrin	الْبُرِّ‎ al-burri	بُرِّ burri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرَّة‎ burra	الْبُرَّة‎ al-burra	بُرَّة‎ burrat
Nominative	بُرَّةٌ‎ burratun	الْبُرَّةُ‎ al-burratu	بُرَّةُ‎ burratu
Accusative	بُرَّةً‎ burratan	الْبُرَّةَ‎ al-burrata	بُرَّةَ‎ burrata
Genitive	بُرَّةٍ‎ burratin	الْبُرَّةِ‎ al-burrati	بُرَّةِ‎ burrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرَّتَيْن‎ burratayn	الْبُرَّتَيْن‎ al-burratayn	بُرَّتَيْ‎ burratay
Nominative	بُرَّتَانِ‎ burratāni	الْبُرَّتَانِ‎ al-burratāni	بُرَّتَا‎ burratā
Accusative	بُرَّتَيْنِ‎ burratayni	الْبُرَّتَيْنِ‎ al-burratayni	بُرَّتَيْ‎ burratay
Genitive	بُرَّتَيْنِ‎ burratayni	الْبُرَّتَيْنِ‎ al-burratayni	بُرَّتَيْ‎ burratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرَّات‎ burrāt	الْبُرَّات‎ al-burrāt	بُرَّات‎ burrāt
Nominative	بُرَّاتٌ‎ burrātun	الْبُرَّاتُ‎ al-burrātu	بُرَّاتُ‎ burrātu
Accusative	بُرَّاتٍ‎ burrātin	الْبُرَّاتِ‎ al-burrāti	بُرَّاتِ‎ burrāti
Genitive	بُرَّاتٍ‎ burrātin	الْبُرَّاتِ‎ al-burrāti	بُرَّاتِ‎ burrāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
Plural of variety	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَبْرَار‎ ʾabrār	الْأَبْرَار‎ al-ʾabrār	أَبْرَار‎ ʾabrār
Nominative	أَبْرَارٌ‎ ʾabrārun	الْأَبْرَارُ‎ al-ʾabrāru	أَبْرَارُ‎ ʾabrāru
Accusative	أَبْرَارًا‎ ʾabrāran	الْأَبْرَارَ‎ al-ʾabrāra	أَبْرَارَ‎ ʾabrāra
Genitive	أَبْرَارٍ‎ ʾabrārin	الْأَبْرَارِ‎ al-ʾabrāri	أَبْرَارِ‎ ʾabrāri

Bulgar

**Bulgar cardinal numbers**
	1	2 >
Cardinal : بر

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bīr.

Numeral

بر (bir)

(Volga Bulgar) one

Descendants

Chuvash: пӗр (pĕr)

References

Закиев М. З. Лингвоэтнические особенности волжских булгар — главного этнического корня татар
A Volga Bulgarıan Inscription From 1307 A. Róna-tas, page 173

Old Anatolian Turkish

Alternative forms

بیر‎ (bir)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).

Article

بر (bir)

a, an

Numeral

بر (bir)

one (1)

Descendants

Azerbaijani: bir
Gagauz: bir
Ottoman Turkish: بر‎ (bir)
- Turkish: bir

Ottoman Turkish

**Ottoman Turkish cardinal numbers**
< 0	1	2 >
Cardinal : بر (bir) Ordinal : برنجی‎ (birinci) Distributive : برر‎ (birer)

Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish بر‎ (“one”), from Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).

Article

بر • (bir)

a, an

Numeral

بر • (bir)

one (1)

Descendants

Turkish: bir

Persian

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /baɾ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /baɾ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /bæɾ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /baɾ/

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬‎ (mdm /abar/, “up; on, over”).

Alternative forms

ابر‎ (abar)

Preposition

Iranian Persian	بر
Dari	بر
Tajik	бар (bar)

بر • (bar)

on
upon
onto

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wl /war/, “breast”).

Noun

بر • (bar)

chest
side

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian [script needed] (bl /bar/, “fruit, produce, profit”).

Noun

بر • (bar)

(archaic) fruit

Derived terms

برخوردار‎ (barxordar)
نوبر‎ (nowbar)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “bar”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 17.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bæɾ/
Rhymes: -ar

Verb

بر • (bar)

present stem form of ‎ (bordan)

Derived terms

دلبر‎‎ (delbar, “beloved”)
سفربر‎ (safarbar, “who undertakes a journey, ready to travel”)

بر

Alviri-Vidari

Noun

Arabic

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Verb

Conjugation

Noun

Declension

Adjective

Declension

Verb

Etymology 3

Noun

Declension

Bulgar

Etymology

Numeral

Descendants

References

Old Anatolian Turkish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Article

Numeral

Descendants

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Article

Numeral

Descendants

Persian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Preposition

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

Derived terms

References

Pronunciation

Verb

Derived terms

Further reading