باب
See also: تأت, پاپ, بات, تاب, تأب, and باپ
Arabic
بَاب
Etymology
Usually considered a borrowing from Aramaic בָּבָא (bāḇā, “gate”), from Akkadian 𒆍 (bābum, “gate”), particularly since the Arabs, living in tents, did not need doors. However, Hans Bauer considers all of these words native, explaining the formation as an ancient univerbation of etyma equivalent to Arabic بَاءَ (bāʾa) بِ (bi) “he has entered into (the house)”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baːb/
Audio (file)
Noun
بَاب • (bāb) m (plural أَبْوَاب (ʾabwāb) or بِيبَان (bībān))
- door, gate
- opening, gateway
- entrance
- gullet, weasand
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 33, Art. 10, page 677 line 6:
- وقد تخرج للدابة من حنكها ويسمي التحنيك وصفة العمل في ذلك إذا أحنكت الدابة فأفتح لها من الدرجة الثالثة والرابعة ولا تفتح لها قرب الباب لأن الدم ربما عسر إمساكه فتلف الدابة.
- One may extract the blood from the jaw of a beast and it is called taḥnīk and the operation consists in that you have bound the beast with a chinstrap and now cut it open to the third or fourth degree but don’t open it close the throat as it may be difficult to contain the blood and the beast will succumb.
-
- opportunity, a chance, opening
- military tactic, maneuver, an opening to use a strategy
- chapter, section, column
- group, class, category
- (astronomy) appearance of an astronomical body, a juncture, an opening to observe
- (figuratively) domain, field
Declension
Declension of noun بَاب (bāb)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | بَاب bāb | الْبَاب al-bāb | بَاب bāb |
| Nominative | بَابٌ bābun | الْبَابُ al-bābu | بَابُ bābu |
| Accusative | بَابًا bāban | الْبَابَ al-bāba | بَابَ bāba |
| Genitive | بَابٍ bābin | الْبَابِ al-bābi | بَابِ bābi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | بَابَيْن bābayn | الْبَابَيْن al-bābayn | بَابَيْ bābay |
| Nominative | بَابَانِ bābāni | الْبَابَانِ al-bābāni | بَابَا bābā |
| Accusative | بَابَيْنِ bābayni | الْبَابَيْنِ al-bābayni | بَابَيْ bābay |
| Genitive | بَابَيْنِ bābayni | الْبَابَيْنِ al-bābayni | بَابَيْ bābay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَبْوَاب; بِيبَان ʾabwāb; bībān | الْأَبْوَاب; الْبِيبَان al-ʾabwāb; al-bībān | أَبْوَاب; بِيبَان ʾabwāb; bībān |
| Nominative | أَبْوَابٌ; بِيبَانٌ ʾabwābun; bībānun | الْأَبْوَابُ; الْبِيبَانُ al-ʾabwābu; al-bībānu | أَبْوَابُ; بِيبَانُ ʾabwābu; bībānu |
| Accusative | أَبْوَابًا; بِيبَانًا ʾabwāban; bībānan | الْأَبْوَابَ; الْبِيبَانَ al-ʾabwāba; al-bībāna | أَبْوَابَ; بِيبَانَ ʾabwāba; bībāna |
| Genitive | أَبْوَابٍ; بِيبَانٍ ʾabwābin; bībānin | الْأَبْوَابِ; الْبِيبَانِ al-ʾabwābi; al-bībāni | أَبْوَابِ; بِيبَانِ ʾabwābi; bībāni |
Derived terms
- مِنْ بَابِ أَوْلَى (min bābi ʾawlā)
- مَقْبِض الْبَاب (maqbiḍ al-bāb, “doorknob”)
- بَابَة (bāba)
- بَوَّاب (bawwāb)
- بَوَّابَة (bawwāba)
- تَبْوِيب (tabwīb)
- مُبَوَّب (mubawwab)
Descendants
- Maltese: bieb, bieb (bieb)
- → Middle Armenian: պապ (pap), բաբ (bab)
- → Malay: bab
- Indonesian: bab
References
- Bauer, Hans (1935), “Etymologica II”, in Zeitschrift für Semitistik und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 10, page 165
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 14
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “باب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 170
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 74
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “باب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 101
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “باب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 30
Egyptian Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic بَاب (bāb).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [ˈbæːb]
Noun
باب • (bāb) m (plural بيبان (bibā́n))
- door
Malay
Adjective
باب (plural باب-باب or باب۲, informal 1st possessive بابکو, 2nd possessive بابمو, 3rd possessive بابڽ)
- Jawi spelling of bab
Moroccan Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic بَاب (bāb).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baːb/
Audio (file) Audio (file)
Noun
باب • (bāb) m or f (plural بيبان (bībān) or بواب (bwāb))
- door, gate
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /bɑːb/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /bɒːb/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /bɒːb/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /bɔːb/
Adjective
باب • (bâb)
- appropriate
Etymology 2
From Arabic بَاب (bāb).
Noun
| Dari | باب |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | боб (bob) |
باب • (bâb) (plural باب‌ها (bâb-hâ))
- door
- gate
- chapter
Proper noun
باب • (bâb)
- the Báb
Synonyms
- در (dar)
Related terms
- بابی (bâbi)
Noun
باب • (bâb)
- (archaic) father
Etymology 4
Borrowed from English Bob.
Proper noun
باب • (bâb)
- a male given name, Bob, from English
- باب اسفنجی ― bâb esfanji ― SpongeBob
- باب دیلن ― bâb dilen ― Bob Dylan
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic بَاب (bāb).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baːb/, [bæːb]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Noun
باب • (bāb) m (plural بواب (bwāb))
- door
- gate
- Synonym: بوابة (bawwābe)
- entrance
- Synonym: مدخل (madḵal)