اخترع

اخترع

See also: أخترع‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root خ ر ع‎ (ḵ-r-ʿ).

Verb

اِخْتَرَعَ • (iḵtaraʿa) VIII, non-past يَخْتَرِعُ‎‎ (yaḵtariʿu)

1. (transitive) to invent

   ‏مَا أَبْرَزُ مَا ٱخْتَرَعَهُ ٱلْيَابَانِيُّونَ فِي ٱلْقَرْنِ ٱلْمَاضِي؟‎‎

   mā ʾabrazu mā ḵtaraʿahu l-yābāniyyūna fī l-qarni l-māḍī?

   What of the last-century Japanese inventions was the most notable?

   Synonym: اِبْتَدَعَ‎ (ibtadaʿa)

2. (transitive, archaic) to split off

   Synonyms: اِكْتَسَرَ‎ (iktasara, “to break off”), اِقْتَطَعَ‎ (iqtaṭaʿa, “to cut off”), اِخْتَزَلَ‎ (iḵtazala, “to chop off; to hack off”)

   1. (transitive, obsolete) to misappropriate

Conjugation

Conjugation of

اِخْتَرَعَ

(form-VIII sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						اِخْتِرَاع‎ iḵtirāʿ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُخْتَرِع‎ muḵtariʿ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُخْتَرَع‎ muḵtaraʿ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	اِخْتَرَعْتُ‎ iḵtaraʿtu	اِخْتَرَعْتَ‎ iḵtaraʿta	اِخْتَرَعَ iḵtaraʿa		اِخْتَرَعْتُمَا‎ iḵtaraʿtumā	اِخْتَرَعَا‎ iḵtaraʿā		اِخْتَرَعْنَا‎ iḵtaraʿnā	اِخْتَرَعْتُمْ‎ iḵtaraʿtum	اِخْتَرَعُوا‎ iḵtaraʿū
	f		اِخْتَرَعْتِ‎ iḵtaraʿti	اِخْتَرَعَتْ‎ iḵtaraʿat			اِخْتَرَعَتَا‎ iḵtaraʿatā			اِخْتَرَعْتُنَّ‎ iḵtaraʿtunna	اِخْتَرَعْنَ‎ iḵtaraʿna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخْتَرِعُ‎ ʾaḵtariʿu	تَخْتَرِعُ‎ taḵtariʿu	يَخْتَرِعُ‎ yaḵtariʿu		تَخْتَرِعَانِ‎ taḵtariʿāni	يَخْتَرِعَانِ‎ yaḵtariʿāni		نَخْتَرِعُ‎ naḵtariʿu	تَخْتَرِعُونَ‎ taḵtariʿūna	يَخْتَرِعُونَ‎ yaḵtariʿūna
	f		تَخْتَرِعِينَ‎ taḵtariʿīna	تَخْتَرِعُ‎ taḵtariʿu			تَخْتَرِعَانِ‎ taḵtariʿāni			تَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ taḵtariʿna	يَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ yaḵtariʿna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخْتَرِعَ‎ ʾaḵtariʿa	تَخْتَرِعَ‎ taḵtariʿa	يَخْتَرِعَ‎ yaḵtariʿa		تَخْتَرِعَا‎ taḵtariʿā	يَخْتَرِعَا‎ yaḵtariʿā		نَخْتَرِعَ‎ naḵtariʿa	تَخْتَرِعُوا‎ taḵtariʿū	يَخْتَرِعُوا‎ yaḵtariʿū
	f		تَخْتَرِعِي‎ taḵtariʿī	تَخْتَرِعَ‎ taḵtariʿa			تَخْتَرِعَا‎ taḵtariʿā			تَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ taḵtariʿna	يَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ yaḵtariʿna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخْتَرِعْ‎ ʾaḵtariʿ	تَخْتَرِعْ‎ taḵtariʿ	يَخْتَرِعْ‎ yaḵtariʿ		تَخْتَرِعَا‎ taḵtariʿā	يَخْتَرِعَا‎ yaḵtariʿā		نَخْتَرِعْ‎ naḵtariʿ	تَخْتَرِعُوا‎ taḵtariʿū	يَخْتَرِعُوا‎ yaḵtariʿū
	f		تَخْتَرِعِي‎ taḵtariʿī	تَخْتَرِعْ‎ taḵtariʿ			تَخْتَرِعَا‎ taḵtariʿā			تَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ taḵtariʿna	يَخْتَرِعْنَ‎ yaḵtariʿna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِخْتَرِعْ iḵtariʿ			اِخْتَرِعَا‎ iḵtariʿā				اِخْتَرِعُوا‎ iḵtariʿū
	f		اِخْتَرِعِي‎ iḵtariʿī							اِخْتَرِعْنَ‎ iḵtariʿna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	اُخْتُرِعْتُ‎ uḵturiʿtu	اُخْتُرِعْتَ‎ uḵturiʿta	اُخْتُرِعَ uḵturiʿa		اُخْتُرِعْتُمَا‎ uḵturiʿtumā	اُخْتُرِعَا‎ uḵturiʿā		اُخْتُرِعْنَا‎ uḵturiʿnā	اُخْتُرِعْتُمْ‎ uḵturiʿtum	اُخْتُرِعُوا‎ uḵturiʿū
	f		اُخْتُرِعْتِ‎ uḵturiʿti	اُخْتُرِعَتْ‎ uḵturiʿat			اُخْتُرِعَتَا‎ uḵturiʿatā			اُخْتُرِعْتُنَّ‎ uḵturiʿtunna	اُخْتُرِعْنَ‎ uḵturiʿna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُخْتَرَعُ‎ ʾuḵtaraʿu	تُخْتَرَعُ‎ tuḵtaraʿu	يُخْتَرَعُ‎ yuḵtaraʿu		تُخْتَرَعَانِ‎ tuḵtaraʿāni	يُخْتَرَعَانِ‎ yuḵtaraʿāni		نُخْتَرَعُ‎ nuḵtaraʿu	تُخْتَرَعُونَ‎ tuḵtaraʿūna	يُخْتَرَعُونَ‎ yuḵtaraʿūna
	f		تُخْتَرَعِينَ‎ tuḵtaraʿīna	تُخْتَرَعُ‎ tuḵtaraʿu			تُخْتَرَعَانِ‎ tuḵtaraʿāni			تُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ tuḵtaraʿna	يُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ yuḵtaraʿna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُخْتَرَعَ‎ ʾuḵtaraʿa	تُخْتَرَعَ‎ tuḵtaraʿa	يُخْتَرَعَ‎ yuḵtaraʿa		تُخْتَرَعَا‎ tuḵtaraʿā	يُخْتَرَعَا‎ yuḵtaraʿā		نُخْتَرَعَ‎ nuḵtaraʿa	تُخْتَرَعُوا‎ tuḵtaraʿū	يُخْتَرَعُوا‎ yuḵtaraʿū
	f		تُخْتَرَعِي‎ tuḵtaraʿī	تُخْتَرَعَ‎ tuḵtaraʿa			تُخْتَرَعَا‎ tuḵtaraʿā			تُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ tuḵtaraʿna	يُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ yuḵtaraʿna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُخْتَرَعْ‎ ʾuḵtaraʿ	تُخْتَرَعْ‎ tuḵtaraʿ	يُخْتَرَعْ‎ yuḵtaraʿ		تُخْتَرَعَا‎ tuḵtaraʿā	يُخْتَرَعَا‎ yuḵtaraʿā		نُخْتَرَعْ‎ nuḵtaraʿ	تُخْتَرَعُوا‎ tuḵtaraʿū	يُخْتَرَعُوا‎ yuḵtaraʿū
	f		تُخْتَرَعِي‎ tuḵtaraʿī	تُخْتَرَعْ‎ tuḵtaraʿ			تُخْتَرَعَا‎ tuḵtaraʿā			تُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ tuḵtaraʿna	يُخْتَرَعْنَ‎ yuḵtaraʿna

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “اخترع”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

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Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic اِخْتَرَعَ‎ (iḵtaraʿa). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Kuwaiti Gulf Arabic) IPA^(key): /ɪχtɪrəʕ/

Verb

اِخْتِرَع • (iḵtiraʿ) (imperfect يِخْتِرِع‎ (yiḵtiriʿ))

1. (transitive) to invent

   ‏منو اخترع نواة لنكس؟‎‎

   Who invented [the] Linux Kernel?

2. (intransitive) to be frightened, to be scared, to be afraid

   ‏شفيكم عسى ما اخترعتوا من الظلمة‎

   What's up with you, I hope you did not get scared of the dark

   Synonym: خاف‎ (ḵāf)

Related terms

• خرع‎ (ḵarraʿ, “causative form of sense 2; to scare, to frighten”)

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
خ ر ع‎

Etymology

From Arabic اِخْتَرَعَ‎ (iḵtaraʿa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ix.ta.raʕ/, [ɪxˈta.raʕ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

اخترع • (iḵtaraʕ) (form VIII, present بخترع‎ (biḵtreʕ))

1. to invent

   ‏اخترعو رمز سرّي يبعتولكم ايّاه أولادكم لمّا يحسّو حالهم بمواقف مش مريحة.‎‎

   iḵtirʕu ramz sirri yibʕatū-lkom iyyāh ūlādkom lamma yḥessu ḥālhom bi-mawāʔef miš murīḥa

   Invent a secret message for your kids to send you when they feel themselves in uncomfortable situations.

Conjugation

Conjugation of اخترع (iḵtaraʕ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	اخترعت (iḵtaraʕt)	اخترعت (iḵtaraʕt)	اخترع (iḵtaraʕ)		اخترعنا (iḵtaraʕna)	اخترعتو (iḵtaraʕtu)	اخترعو (iḵtaraʕu)
	f		اخترعتي (iḵtaraʕti)	اخترعت (iḵtarʕat)
present	m	بخترع (baḵtreʕ)	بتخترع (btiḵtreʕ)	بخترع (biḵtreʕ)		منخترع (mniḵtreʕ)	بتخترعو (btiḵtirʕu)	بخترعو (biḵtirʕu)
	f		بتخترعي (btiḵtirʕi)	بتخترع (btiḵtreʕ)
subjunctive	m	اخترع (aḵtreʕ)	تخترع (tiḵtreʕ)	يخترع (yiḵtreʕ)		نخترع (niḵtreʕ)	تخترعو (tiḵtirʕu)	يخترعو (yiḵtirʕu)
	f		تخترعي (tiḵtirʕi)	تخترع (tiḵtreʕ)
imperative	m		اخترع (iḵtriʕ)				اخترعو (iḵtirʕu)
	f		اخترعي (iḵtirʕi)